Dietary fishmeal replacement with Hermetia illucens (Black soldier fly, BSF) larvae meal affected production performance, whole body composition, antioxidant status, and health of snakehead (Channa striata) juveniles

Due to the market instability and increasing demand and prices of fishmeal, the aquafeed industry must seek alternative protein feedstuffs to keep producing aquafeeds in a sustainable and cost-effective way. Hermetia illucens (BSF) larvae meal is considered sustainable since its production recycles...

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Veröffentlicht in:Animal feed science and technology 2023-03, Vol.297, p.115597, Article 115597
Hauptverfasser: Siddaiah, G.M., Kumar, Rajesh, Kumari, Rakhi, Chandan, N.K., Debbarma, Jackson, Damle, D.K., Das, Arabinda, Giri, S.S.
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container_start_page 115597
container_title Animal feed science and technology
container_volume 297
creator Siddaiah, G.M.
Kumar, Rajesh
Kumari, Rakhi
Chandan, N.K.
Debbarma, Jackson
Damle, D.K.
Das, Arabinda
Giri, S.S.
description Due to the market instability and increasing demand and prices of fishmeal, the aquafeed industry must seek alternative protein feedstuffs to keep producing aquafeeds in a sustainable and cost-effective way. Hermetia illucens (BSF) larvae meal is considered sustainable since its production recycles organic waste streams into a valuable nutrient. Therefore, this study assessed the effects of dietary fish meal (FM) replacement with Hermetia illucens larvae meal (HIM) on the production performance of snakehead (Channa striata) juveniles. Five isoproteic (420 g Kg−1) and isocaloric (19.5 MJ kg−1 diet) experimental diets were designed by replacing FM at 0% (control diet), 25% (HIM25), 50% (HIM50), 75% (HIM75), and 100% (HIM100) with HIM. Four hundred and fifty juveniles (16.36 ± 0.09 g fish−1) were randomly assigned to 15 tanks (400 litres; 30 fish tank−1) and fed respective diets twice daily until apparent satiety for 9 weeks. The weight gain (WG), specific growth rate (SGR), and protein efficiency ratio (PER) showed a linear decrease with increasing dietary HIM (P  0.05). Whole-body C12, C14, saturated fatty acid (SFA), and SFA: PUFA ratios increased linearly with increasing FM replacement whereas polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) and n3/n6 fatty acid ratios decreased linearly (P  0.05). Aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT) and alanine aminotransferase (ALAT) were unaffected by HIM levels (P > 0.05). Fish fed HIM incorporated diets had higher superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities than fish fed a control diet, with a linear and quadratic effect (P  0.05), whereas plasma GPx increased linearly and quadratically as dietary HIM levels increased (P  0.05). The dietary HIM did not affect the blood biochemistry (NBT, glucose, Hb, RBC, and WBC) and plasma
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2023.115597
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Hermetia illucens (BSF) larvae meal is considered sustainable since its production recycles organic waste streams into a valuable nutrient. Therefore, this study assessed the effects of dietary fish meal (FM) replacement with Hermetia illucens larvae meal (HIM) on the production performance of snakehead (Channa striata) juveniles. Five isoproteic (420 g Kg−1) and isocaloric (19.5 MJ kg−1 diet) experimental diets were designed by replacing FM at 0% (control diet), 25% (HIM25), 50% (HIM50), 75% (HIM75), and 100% (HIM100) with HIM. Four hundred and fifty juveniles (16.36 ± 0.09 g fish−1) were randomly assigned to 15 tanks (400 litres; 30 fish tank−1) and fed respective diets twice daily until apparent satiety for 9 weeks. The weight gain (WG), specific growth rate (SGR), and protein efficiency ratio (PER) showed a linear decrease with increasing dietary HIM (P < 0.05), and no significant effect in fish fed control, HIM25, and HIM50 diets. Whole body proximate composition and organ somatic indices were unaffected (P > 0.05). Whole-body C12, C14, saturated fatty acid (SFA), and SFA: PUFA ratios increased linearly with increasing FM replacement whereas polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) and n3/n6 fatty acid ratios decreased linearly (P < 0.05). Dietary HIM had a significant effect on protease activity (P < 0.05), but had no effect on lipase and amylase activity (P > 0.05). With increasing levels of dietary HIM, the apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) of dry matter linearly decreased, and the ADC of crude protein showed significant linear and quadratic decrease, but the ADC of crude lipid was unaffected (P > 0.05). Aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT) and alanine aminotransferase (ALAT) were unaffected by HIM levels (P > 0.05). Fish fed HIM incorporated diets had higher superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities than fish fed a control diet, with a linear and quadratic effect (P < 0.05). The liver glutathione peroxidase (GPx) was unaffected (P > 0.05), whereas plasma GPx increased linearly and quadratically as dietary HIM levels increased (P < 0.05). Malonaldehyde (MDA) levels in liver and plasma remained unchanged among all the groups (P > 0.05). The dietary HIM did not affect the blood biochemistry (NBT, glucose, Hb, RBC, and WBC) and plasma metabolites (total protein, albumin, globulin, and total lipids) (P > 0.05). The lower plasma cholesterol was witnessed in fish fed HIM-incorporated diets than in fish fed control diets except for the HIM50 diet (P < 0.05). In conclusion, HIM can replace dietary FM up to 50% (20 g kg−1 HIM inclusion) without harming the production performance and health of snakehead juveniles. •The juvenile snakehead's production performance was negatively affected when the FM replacement level exceeded 50%.•Dietary Hermetia illucens larvae meal enhanced SOD , catalase, and GPx activities, indicating improved antioxidant status.•HIM protein can replace up to 50% of dietary FM protein without adversely affecting growth and nutrient utilization.]]></description><identifier>ISSN: 0377-8401</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2023.115597</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>alanine transaminase ; albumins ; amylases ; antioxidants ; aquaculture feeds ; aspartate transaminase ; blood chemistry ; body composition ; carboxylic ester hydrolases ; catalase ; Channa striata ; cholesterol ; cost effectiveness ; crude protein ; diet ; digestibility ; enzyme activity ; Fatty acid ; fish ; fish meal ; Fishmeal ; globulins ; glucose ; glutathione peroxidase ; Hermetia illucens ; Hermetia illucens, Black soldier fly larvae meal ; industry ; liver ; malondialdehyde ; markets ; metabolites ; organic wastes ; Oxidative stress ; polyunsaturated fatty acids ; Production performance ; protein efficiency ratio ; proximate composition ; satiety ; specific growth rate ; Striped snakehead ; superoxide dismutase ; technology ; weight gain</subject><ispartof>Animal feed science and technology, 2023-03, Vol.297, p.115597, Article 115597</ispartof><rights>2023</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c351t-8ca550c350fb54c3bf9d9096eb220ae5edce12e89007f8f77e9d3f73958507743</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c351t-8ca550c350fb54c3bf9d9096eb220ae5edce12e89007f8f77e9d3f73958507743</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0377840123000317$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3537,27901,27902,65306</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Siddaiah, G.M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kumar, Rajesh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kumari, Rakhi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chandan, N.K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Debbarma, Jackson</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Damle, D.K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Das, Arabinda</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Giri, S.S.</creatorcontrib><title>Dietary fishmeal replacement with Hermetia illucens (Black soldier fly, BSF) larvae meal affected production performance, whole body composition, antioxidant status, and health of snakehead (Channa striata) juveniles</title><title>Animal feed science and technology</title><description><![CDATA[Due to the market instability and increasing demand and prices of fishmeal, the aquafeed industry must seek alternative protein feedstuffs to keep producing aquafeeds in a sustainable and cost-effective way. Hermetia illucens (BSF) larvae meal is considered sustainable since its production recycles organic waste streams into a valuable nutrient. Therefore, this study assessed the effects of dietary fish meal (FM) replacement with Hermetia illucens larvae meal (HIM) on the production performance of snakehead (Channa striata) juveniles. Five isoproteic (420 g Kg−1) and isocaloric (19.5 MJ kg−1 diet) experimental diets were designed by replacing FM at 0% (control diet), 25% (HIM25), 50% (HIM50), 75% (HIM75), and 100% (HIM100) with HIM. Four hundred and fifty juveniles (16.36 ± 0.09 g fish−1) were randomly assigned to 15 tanks (400 litres; 30 fish tank−1) and fed respective diets twice daily until apparent satiety for 9 weeks. The weight gain (WG), specific growth rate (SGR), and protein efficiency ratio (PER) showed a linear decrease with increasing dietary HIM (P < 0.05), and no significant effect in fish fed control, HIM25, and HIM50 diets. Whole body proximate composition and organ somatic indices were unaffected (P > 0.05). Whole-body C12, C14, saturated fatty acid (SFA), and SFA: PUFA ratios increased linearly with increasing FM replacement whereas polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) and n3/n6 fatty acid ratios decreased linearly (P < 0.05). Dietary HIM had a significant effect on protease activity (P < 0.05), but had no effect on lipase and amylase activity (P > 0.05). With increasing levels of dietary HIM, the apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) of dry matter linearly decreased, and the ADC of crude protein showed significant linear and quadratic decrease, but the ADC of crude lipid was unaffected (P > 0.05). Aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT) and alanine aminotransferase (ALAT) were unaffected by HIM levels (P > 0.05). Fish fed HIM incorporated diets had higher superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities than fish fed a control diet, with a linear and quadratic effect (P < 0.05). The liver glutathione peroxidase (GPx) was unaffected (P > 0.05), whereas plasma GPx increased linearly and quadratically as dietary HIM levels increased (P < 0.05). Malonaldehyde (MDA) levels in liver and plasma remained unchanged among all the groups (P > 0.05). The dietary HIM did not affect the blood biochemistry (NBT, glucose, Hb, RBC, and WBC) and plasma metabolites (total protein, albumin, globulin, and total lipids) (P > 0.05). The lower plasma cholesterol was witnessed in fish fed HIM-incorporated diets than in fish fed control diets except for the HIM50 diet (P < 0.05). In conclusion, HIM can replace dietary FM up to 50% (20 g kg−1 HIM inclusion) without harming the production performance and health of snakehead juveniles. •The juvenile snakehead's production performance was negatively affected when the FM replacement level exceeded 50%.•Dietary Hermetia illucens larvae meal enhanced SOD , catalase, and GPx activities, indicating improved antioxidant status.•HIM protein can replace up to 50% of dietary FM protein without adversely affecting growth and nutrient utilization.]]></description><subject>alanine transaminase</subject><subject>albumins</subject><subject>amylases</subject><subject>antioxidants</subject><subject>aquaculture feeds</subject><subject>aspartate transaminase</subject><subject>blood chemistry</subject><subject>body composition</subject><subject>carboxylic ester hydrolases</subject><subject>catalase</subject><subject>Channa striata</subject><subject>cholesterol</subject><subject>cost effectiveness</subject><subject>crude protein</subject><subject>diet</subject><subject>digestibility</subject><subject>enzyme activity</subject><subject>Fatty acid</subject><subject>fish</subject><subject>fish meal</subject><subject>Fishmeal</subject><subject>globulins</subject><subject>glucose</subject><subject>glutathione peroxidase</subject><subject>Hermetia illucens</subject><subject>Hermetia illucens, Black soldier fly larvae meal</subject><subject>industry</subject><subject>liver</subject><subject>malondialdehyde</subject><subject>markets</subject><subject>metabolites</subject><subject>organic wastes</subject><subject>Oxidative stress</subject><subject>polyunsaturated fatty acids</subject><subject>Production performance</subject><subject>protein efficiency ratio</subject><subject>proximate composition</subject><subject>satiety</subject><subject>specific growth rate</subject><subject>Striped snakehead</subject><subject>superoxide dismutase</subject><subject>technology</subject><subject>weight gain</subject><issn>0377-8401</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqFkc1uEzEUhWdRJErpO9xlKiXBnp_MzLIJlCJVYkFZWzf2tcapxx5sT0relMfBIUgsWR3b-u6R7zlFAZytOeObD4c1OqOJVJRmXbKyWnPeNH17VVyzqm1XXc342-JdjAfGeNlV5XXx66OhhOEE2sRhJLQQaLIoaSSX4NWkAR4pjJQMgrF2luQiLLaZeIHorTIUQNvTErbfHu7AYjgiwR8f1JpkIgVT8GqWyXgHEwXtw4hO0hJeB28J9l6dQPpx8tGcmSWgy_rTqKwQE6Y5nt8UDNk1f8driA5fKF8VLHYDOoeZCwYT3sFhPpIzluL74o1GG-n2r94U3x8-Pe8eV09fP3_Z3T-tZNXwtOokNg3LZ6b3TS2rve5Vz_oN7cuSITWkJPGSup6xVne6balXlW6rvuka1rZ1dVMsLr55zR8zxSRGEyVZi478HEWOuS55vamrjHYXVAYfYyAtpmDGHL7gTJwLFAfxr0BxLlBcCsyj28so5VWOOXSRCcoxKhNyykJ583-T38masGY</recordid><startdate>202303</startdate><enddate>202303</enddate><creator>Siddaiah, G.M.</creator><creator>Kumar, Rajesh</creator><creator>Kumari, Rakhi</creator><creator>Chandan, N.K.</creator><creator>Debbarma, Jackson</creator><creator>Damle, D.K.</creator><creator>Das, Arabinda</creator><creator>Giri, S.S.</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7S9</scope><scope>L.6</scope></search><sort><creationdate>202303</creationdate><title>Dietary fishmeal replacement with Hermetia illucens (Black soldier fly, BSF) larvae meal affected production performance, whole body composition, antioxidant status, and health of snakehead (Channa striata) juveniles</title><author>Siddaiah, G.M. ; Kumar, Rajesh ; Kumari, Rakhi ; Chandan, N.K. ; Debbarma, Jackson ; Damle, D.K. ; Das, Arabinda ; Giri, S.S.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c351t-8ca550c350fb54c3bf9d9096eb220ae5edce12e89007f8f77e9d3f73958507743</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>alanine transaminase</topic><topic>albumins</topic><topic>amylases</topic><topic>antioxidants</topic><topic>aquaculture feeds</topic><topic>aspartate transaminase</topic><topic>blood chemistry</topic><topic>body composition</topic><topic>carboxylic ester hydrolases</topic><topic>catalase</topic><topic>Channa striata</topic><topic>cholesterol</topic><topic>cost effectiveness</topic><topic>crude protein</topic><topic>diet</topic><topic>digestibility</topic><topic>enzyme activity</topic><topic>Fatty acid</topic><topic>fish</topic><topic>fish meal</topic><topic>Fishmeal</topic><topic>globulins</topic><topic>glucose</topic><topic>glutathione peroxidase</topic><topic>Hermetia illucens</topic><topic>Hermetia illucens, Black soldier fly larvae meal</topic><topic>industry</topic><topic>liver</topic><topic>malondialdehyde</topic><topic>markets</topic><topic>metabolites</topic><topic>organic wastes</topic><topic>Oxidative stress</topic><topic>polyunsaturated fatty acids</topic><topic>Production performance</topic><topic>protein efficiency ratio</topic><topic>proximate composition</topic><topic>satiety</topic><topic>specific growth rate</topic><topic>Striped snakehead</topic><topic>superoxide dismutase</topic><topic>technology</topic><topic>weight gain</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Siddaiah, G.M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kumar, Rajesh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kumari, Rakhi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chandan, N.K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Debbarma, Jackson</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Damle, D.K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Das, Arabinda</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Giri, S.S.</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>AGRICOLA</collection><collection>AGRICOLA - Academic</collection><jtitle>Animal feed science and technology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Siddaiah, G.M.</au><au>Kumar, Rajesh</au><au>Kumari, Rakhi</au><au>Chandan, N.K.</au><au>Debbarma, Jackson</au><au>Damle, D.K.</au><au>Das, Arabinda</au><au>Giri, S.S.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Dietary fishmeal replacement with Hermetia illucens (Black soldier fly, BSF) larvae meal affected production performance, whole body composition, antioxidant status, and health of snakehead (Channa striata) juveniles</atitle><jtitle>Animal feed science and technology</jtitle><date>2023-03</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>297</volume><spage>115597</spage><pages>115597-</pages><artnum>115597</artnum><issn>0377-8401</issn><abstract><![CDATA[Due to the market instability and increasing demand and prices of fishmeal, the aquafeed industry must seek alternative protein feedstuffs to keep producing aquafeeds in a sustainable and cost-effective way. Hermetia illucens (BSF) larvae meal is considered sustainable since its production recycles organic waste streams into a valuable nutrient. Therefore, this study assessed the effects of dietary fish meal (FM) replacement with Hermetia illucens larvae meal (HIM) on the production performance of snakehead (Channa striata) juveniles. Five isoproteic (420 g Kg−1) and isocaloric (19.5 MJ kg−1 diet) experimental diets were designed by replacing FM at 0% (control diet), 25% (HIM25), 50% (HIM50), 75% (HIM75), and 100% (HIM100) with HIM. Four hundred and fifty juveniles (16.36 ± 0.09 g fish−1) were randomly assigned to 15 tanks (400 litres; 30 fish tank−1) and fed respective diets twice daily until apparent satiety for 9 weeks. The weight gain (WG), specific growth rate (SGR), and protein efficiency ratio (PER) showed a linear decrease with increasing dietary HIM (P < 0.05), and no significant effect in fish fed control, HIM25, and HIM50 diets. Whole body proximate composition and organ somatic indices were unaffected (P > 0.05). Whole-body C12, C14, saturated fatty acid (SFA), and SFA: PUFA ratios increased linearly with increasing FM replacement whereas polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) and n3/n6 fatty acid ratios decreased linearly (P < 0.05). Dietary HIM had a significant effect on protease activity (P < 0.05), but had no effect on lipase and amylase activity (P > 0.05). With increasing levels of dietary HIM, the apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) of dry matter linearly decreased, and the ADC of crude protein showed significant linear and quadratic decrease, but the ADC of crude lipid was unaffected (P > 0.05). Aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT) and alanine aminotransferase (ALAT) were unaffected by HIM levels (P > 0.05). Fish fed HIM incorporated diets had higher superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities than fish fed a control diet, with a linear and quadratic effect (P < 0.05). The liver glutathione peroxidase (GPx) was unaffected (P > 0.05), whereas plasma GPx increased linearly and quadratically as dietary HIM levels increased (P < 0.05). Malonaldehyde (MDA) levels in liver and plasma remained unchanged among all the groups (P > 0.05). The dietary HIM did not affect the blood biochemistry (NBT, glucose, Hb, RBC, and WBC) and plasma metabolites (total protein, albumin, globulin, and total lipids) (P > 0.05). The lower plasma cholesterol was witnessed in fish fed HIM-incorporated diets than in fish fed control diets except for the HIM50 diet (P < 0.05). In conclusion, HIM can replace dietary FM up to 50% (20 g kg−1 HIM inclusion) without harming the production performance and health of snakehead juveniles. •The juvenile snakehead's production performance was negatively affected when the FM replacement level exceeded 50%.•Dietary Hermetia illucens larvae meal enhanced SOD , catalase, and GPx activities, indicating improved antioxidant status.•HIM protein can replace up to 50% of dietary FM protein without adversely affecting growth and nutrient utilization.]]></abstract><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><doi>10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2023.115597</doi></addata></record>
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ispartof Animal feed science and technology, 2023-03, Vol.297, p.115597, Article 115597
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source Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals
subjects alanine transaminase
albumins
amylases
antioxidants
aquaculture feeds
aspartate transaminase
blood chemistry
body composition
carboxylic ester hydrolases
catalase
Channa striata
cholesterol
cost effectiveness
crude protein
diet
digestibility
enzyme activity
Fatty acid
fish
fish meal
Fishmeal
globulins
glucose
glutathione peroxidase
Hermetia illucens
Hermetia illucens, Black soldier fly larvae meal
industry
liver
malondialdehyde
markets
metabolites
organic wastes
Oxidative stress
polyunsaturated fatty acids
Production performance
protein efficiency ratio
proximate composition
satiety
specific growth rate
Striped snakehead
superoxide dismutase
technology
weight gain
title Dietary fishmeal replacement with Hermetia illucens (Black soldier fly, BSF) larvae meal affected production performance, whole body composition, antioxidant status, and health of snakehead (Channa striata) juveniles
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