Influence of the number of inserts for tool life evaluation in face milling of steels

Tool life tests are often employed to verify the behaviour of one or more inserts in a cutter in order to optimise machining productivity and minimise cost. In milling process, such tests are expensive and require many of tools and a lot of work material to achieve any of the stipulated tool rejection criterion in any of the inserts. In practice, tool life tests are usually carried out using only one or few edges in a face milling cutter in order to minimise cost. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of the number of tools used in face milling operation and how they relate to the establishment of tool life under specified cutting conditions. Flank wear curves were evaluated for AISI 1045 and 8640 steels using 1, 2, 3 and 6 inserts in a face milling cutter. Test results show that reduction in the number of inserts in the milling cutter led to a reduction in the amount of material removed and also tend to increase tool life when machining at the same feed per tooth. Results obtained using reduced number of inserts in a milling cutter should only be used for comparison between two or more conditions and should not be used to establish tool life.