Assessment of industrial by-products as amendments to stabilize antimony mine wastes
The spread of antimony from mine wastes to the environment represents a matter of great concern due to its adverse effects on impacted ecosystems. There is an urgent need for developing and adopting sustainable and inexpensive measures to deal with this type of wastes. In this study the Sb leaching...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of environmental management 2023-10, Vol.343, p.118218-118218, Article 118218 |
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| description | The spread of antimony from mine wastes to the environment represents a matter of great concern due to its adverse effects on impacted ecosystems. There is an urgent need for developing and adopting sustainable and inexpensive measures to deal with this type of wastes. In this study the Sb leaching behavior of mine waste rocks and mine tailings derived from the exploitation of Sb ore deposits was characterized using standard batch leaching tests (TCLP and EN-12457-4) and column leaching essays. Accordingly, these mine wastes were characterized as toxic (>0.6 mg Sb L−1) and not acceptable at hazardous waste landfills (>5 mg Sb kg−1), showing also an ongoing Sb release under prolonged leaching conditions. Two industrial by-products were evaluated as amendments to stabilize them, namely deferrisation sludge (DFS) and a by-product derived from the treatment of aluminum salt slags (BP–Al). Mine wastes were amended with different doses (0–25%) of DFS or BP-Al and the performance of these treatments was evaluated employing also batch and column leaching procedures. The effectiveness of DFS to immobilize Sb was much higher than that exhibited by BP-Al. Thus, treatments with 25% BP-Al showed Sb immobilization levels of approximately 33–53%, whereas treatments with 5 and 25% DFS already attained Sb immobilization levels up to approximately 80–90 and 90–99%, respectively. Mine tailings amended with 5% DFS and mine waste rocks amended with 25% DFS decreased their leachable Sb contents below the limit for non-hazardous waste landfill acceptance (90%) in leachates from weat |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118218 |
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•Sb(V) dominates (>90%) in leachates from weathered Sb-bearing mine wastes (MW).•Deferrisation sludge (DFS) shows maximum Sb(V) removal of 48.3 mg g−1 at MW pH values.•5–25% DFS treated-MW comply controlled landfill Sb leaching limits and revert toxicity.•DFS acts as a perdurable MW stabilizing agent, reducing at length Sb leaching (>97%).•DFS treatment importantly fixes mobile Sb in MW as non-desorbable Sb (>75%).</description><identifier>ISSN: 0301-4797</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1095-8630</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118218</identifier><identifier>PMID: 37247551</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Aluminum salt slag treatment by-product ; Antimony ; Deferrisation sludge ; Ecosystem ; Hazardous Waste ; Leaching ; Mine wastes ; Stabilization</subject><ispartof>Journal of environmental management, 2023-10, Vol.343, p.118218-118218, Article 118218</ispartof><rights>2023 The Authors</rights><rights>Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c412t-9f5da3c4b828f49e3cb5b228dee4ab0d44862170e12bd279b5c3676e45bc3f7d3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c412t-9f5da3c4b828f49e3cb5b228dee4ab0d44862170e12bd279b5c3676e45bc3f7d3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118218$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>315,781,785,3551,27929,27930,46000</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37247551$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Álvarez-Ayuso, E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Murciego, A.</creatorcontrib><title>Assessment of industrial by-products as amendments to stabilize antimony mine wastes</title><title>Journal of environmental management</title><addtitle>J Environ Manage</addtitle><description>The spread of antimony from mine wastes to the environment represents a matter of great concern due to its adverse effects on impacted ecosystems. There is an urgent need for developing and adopting sustainable and inexpensive measures to deal with this type of wastes. In this study the Sb leaching behavior of mine waste rocks and mine tailings derived from the exploitation of Sb ore deposits was characterized using standard batch leaching tests (TCLP and EN-12457-4) and column leaching essays. Accordingly, these mine wastes were characterized as toxic (>0.6 mg Sb L−1) and not acceptable at hazardous waste landfills (>5 mg Sb kg−1), showing also an ongoing Sb release under prolonged leaching conditions. Two industrial by-products were evaluated as amendments to stabilize them, namely deferrisation sludge (DFS) and a by-product derived from the treatment of aluminum salt slags (BP–Al). Mine wastes were amended with different doses (0–25%) of DFS or BP-Al and the performance of these treatments was evaluated employing also batch and column leaching procedures. The effectiveness of DFS to immobilize Sb was much higher than that exhibited by BP-Al. Thus, treatments with 25% BP-Al showed Sb immobilization levels of approximately 33–53%, whereas treatments with 5 and 25% DFS already attained Sb immobilization levels up to approximately 80–90 and 90–99%, respectively. Mine tailings amended with 5% DFS and mine waste rocks amended with 25% DFS decreased their leachable Sb contents below the limit for non-hazardous waste landfill acceptance (<0.7 mg Sb kg−1). Likewise, these DFS treatments were able to revert their toxic characterization. Moreover, the 25% DFS treatment showed to be a long-lasting stabilizing system, efficient at least during a leaching period equivalent to 10-year rainfall with a great Sb leaching reduction (close to 98%). After this long-term leaching process, DFS-treated mine wastes kept their non-hazardous and non-toxic characterization. The amorphous Fe (oxyhydr)oxides composing DFS were responsible for the important Sb removal capacity showed by this by-product. Thus, when DFS was applied to mine wastes mobile Sb was importantly fixed as non-desorbable Sb, showing also a considerable Sb removal capacity in presence of strong competing anions such as phosphate. The application of DFS as amendment presents a great potential to be used as a sustainable long-term stabilizing system of Sb mine wastes.
•Sb(V) dominates (>90%) in leachates from weathered Sb-bearing mine wastes (MW).•Deferrisation sludge (DFS) shows maximum Sb(V) removal of 48.3 mg g−1 at MW pH values.•5–25% DFS treated-MW comply controlled landfill Sb leaching limits and revert toxicity.•DFS acts as a perdurable MW stabilizing agent, reducing at length Sb leaching (>97%).•DFS treatment importantly fixes mobile Sb in MW as non-desorbable Sb (>75%).</description><subject>Aluminum salt slag treatment by-product</subject><subject>Antimony</subject><subject>Deferrisation sludge</subject><subject>Ecosystem</subject><subject>Hazardous Waste</subject><subject>Leaching</subject><subject>Mine wastes</subject><subject>Stabilization</subject><issn>0301-4797</issn><issn>1095-8630</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkEtr20AURofQkjhOfkLLLLuRO0-NtCrGtEkh0E2yHuZxBWOkkas7SnF_fWTsdhu4cDfnu49DyCfONpzx-ut-s4f8Ori8EUzIDeeN4M0VWXHW6qqpJftAVkwyXinTmhtyi7hnjEnBzTW5kUYoozVfkectIiAOkAsdO5pynLFMyfXUH6vDNMY5FKRuqQWJJwxpGSkW51Of_gJ1uaRhzEc6pAz0j8MCeEc-dq5HuL_0NXn58f1591g9_Xr4uds-VUFxUaq209HJoHwjmk61IIPXXogmAijnWVSqqZd7GXDhozCt10HWpgalfZCdiXJNvpznLof-ngGLHRIG6HuXYZzRikawtjZSqwXVZzRMI-IEnT1MaXDT0XJmT0Lt3l6E2pNQexa65D5fVsx-gPg_9c_gAnw7A7A8-ppgshgS5AAxTRCKjWN6Z8UbIC6K-g</recordid><startdate>20231001</startdate><enddate>20231001</enddate><creator>Álvarez-Ayuso, E.</creator><creator>Murciego, A.</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><scope>6I.</scope><scope>AAFTH</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20231001</creationdate><title>Assessment of industrial by-products as amendments to stabilize antimony mine wastes</title><author>Álvarez-Ayuso, E. ; Murciego, A.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c412t-9f5da3c4b828f49e3cb5b228dee4ab0d44862170e12bd279b5c3676e45bc3f7d3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>Aluminum salt slag treatment by-product</topic><topic>Antimony</topic><topic>Deferrisation sludge</topic><topic>Ecosystem</topic><topic>Hazardous Waste</topic><topic>Leaching</topic><topic>Mine wastes</topic><topic>Stabilization</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Álvarez-Ayuso, E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Murciego, A.</creatorcontrib><collection>ScienceDirect Open Access Titles</collection><collection>Elsevier:ScienceDirect:Open Access</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of environmental management</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Álvarez-Ayuso, E.</au><au>Murciego, A.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Assessment of industrial by-products as amendments to stabilize antimony mine wastes</atitle><jtitle>Journal of environmental management</jtitle><addtitle>J Environ Manage</addtitle><date>2023-10-01</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>343</volume><spage>118218</spage><epage>118218</epage><pages>118218-118218</pages><artnum>118218</artnum><issn>0301-4797</issn><eissn>1095-8630</eissn><abstract>The spread of antimony from mine wastes to the environment represents a matter of great concern due to its adverse effects on impacted ecosystems. There is an urgent need for developing and adopting sustainable and inexpensive measures to deal with this type of wastes. In this study the Sb leaching behavior of mine waste rocks and mine tailings derived from the exploitation of Sb ore deposits was characterized using standard batch leaching tests (TCLP and EN-12457-4) and column leaching essays. Accordingly, these mine wastes were characterized as toxic (>0.6 mg Sb L−1) and not acceptable at hazardous waste landfills (>5 mg Sb kg−1), showing also an ongoing Sb release under prolonged leaching conditions. Two industrial by-products were evaluated as amendments to stabilize them, namely deferrisation sludge (DFS) and a by-product derived from the treatment of aluminum salt slags (BP–Al). Mine wastes were amended with different doses (0–25%) of DFS or BP-Al and the performance of these treatments was evaluated employing also batch and column leaching procedures. The effectiveness of DFS to immobilize Sb was much higher than that exhibited by BP-Al. Thus, treatments with 25% BP-Al showed Sb immobilization levels of approximately 33–53%, whereas treatments with 5 and 25% DFS already attained Sb immobilization levels up to approximately 80–90 and 90–99%, respectively. Mine tailings amended with 5% DFS and mine waste rocks amended with 25% DFS decreased their leachable Sb contents below the limit for non-hazardous waste landfill acceptance (<0.7 mg Sb kg−1). Likewise, these DFS treatments were able to revert their toxic characterization. Moreover, the 25% DFS treatment showed to be a long-lasting stabilizing system, efficient at least during a leaching period equivalent to 10-year rainfall with a great Sb leaching reduction (close to 98%). After this long-term leaching process, DFS-treated mine wastes kept their non-hazardous and non-toxic characterization. The amorphous Fe (oxyhydr)oxides composing DFS were responsible for the important Sb removal capacity showed by this by-product. Thus, when DFS was applied to mine wastes mobile Sb was importantly fixed as non-desorbable Sb, showing also a considerable Sb removal capacity in presence of strong competing anions such as phosphate. The application of DFS as amendment presents a great potential to be used as a sustainable long-term stabilizing system of Sb mine wastes.
•Sb(V) dominates (>90%) in leachates from weathered Sb-bearing mine wastes (MW).•Deferrisation sludge (DFS) shows maximum Sb(V) removal of 48.3 mg g−1 at MW pH values.•5–25% DFS treated-MW comply controlled landfill Sb leaching limits and revert toxicity.•DFS acts as a perdurable MW stabilizing agent, reducing at length Sb leaching (>97%).•DFS treatment importantly fixes mobile Sb in MW as non-desorbable Sb (>75%).</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><pmid>37247551</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118218</doi><tpages>1</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Aluminum salt slag treatment by-product Antimony Deferrisation sludge Ecosystem Hazardous Waste Leaching Mine wastes Stabilization |
| title | Assessment of industrial by-products as amendments to stabilize antimony mine wastes |
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