Potential risk assessment due to groundwater quality deterioration and quantifying the major influencing factors using geographical detectors in the Gunabay watershed of Ethiopia

Groundwater quality has become deteriorated due to natural and anthropogenic activities. Poor water quality has a potential risk to human health and the environment. Therefore, the study aimed to assess the potential risk of groundwater quality contamination levels and public health risks in the Gun...

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Veröffentlicht in:Environmental monitoring and assessment 2023-06, Vol.195 (6), p.753-753, Article 753
Hauptverfasser: Tegegne, Asnakew Mulualem, Lohani, Tarun Kumar, Eshete, Abunu Atlabachew
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description Groundwater quality has become deteriorated due to natural and anthropogenic activities. Poor water quality has a potential risk to human health and the environment. Therefore, the study aimed to assess the potential risk of groundwater quality contamination levels and public health risks in the Gunabay watershed. For this task, seventy-eight groundwater samples were collected from thirty-nine locations in the dry and wet seasons during 2022. The groundwater contamination index was applied to assess the overall quality of groundwater. Six major driving forces (temperature, population density, soil, land cover, recharge, and geology) and their quantitative impact of each factor on groundwater quality deterioration were demonstrated using Geodetector. The results showed that low groundwater quality was detected in urban and agricultural land. Especially nitrate contamination was highly linked to groundwater quality deterioration and public health risks, and a medium contamination level was observed in the area. This indicates that the inappropriate application of fertilizer on agricultural land and wastewater from urban areas has a great impact on shallow aquifers in the study area. Furthermore, the major influencing factors are ranked as soil type (0.33–0.31) > recharge (0.17–0.15) > temperature (0.13–0.08) > population density (0.1–0.08) > land cover types (0.07–0.04) > lithology (0.05–0.04). The interaction detector revealed that the interaction between soil ∩ recharge, soil ∩ temperature, and soil ∩ land cover, temperature ∩ recharge is more influential to deteriorate groundwater quality in both seasons. Identification and quantification of the major influencing factors may provide new insight into groundwater resource management.
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subjects Agricultural land
Agricultural wastes
Anthropogenic factors
Aquifers
Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution
Contamination
Detectors
Deterioration
Earth and Environmental Science
Ecology
Ecotoxicology
Environment
Environmental Management
Environmental monitoring
Environmental science
Fertilizer application
Fertilizers
Geology
Groundwater
Groundwater management
Groundwater pollution
Groundwater quality
Groundwater resources
Health risk assessment
Health risks
Human influences
Land cover
Land pollution
Lithology
Monitoring/Environmental Analysis
Population density
Public health
Quality assessment
Rainy season
Recharge
Resource management
Risk assessment
Soil
Soil contamination
Soil temperature
Soil types
Soils
Temperature
Urban agriculture
Urban areas
Wastewater
Water analysis
Water quality
Water resources
Water sampling
Watersheds
Wet season
title Potential risk assessment due to groundwater quality deterioration and quantifying the major influencing factors using geographical detectors in the Gunabay watershed of Ethiopia
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