Chemical characteristics and spatiotemporal variation of marine fine particles for clustered channels of air masses transporting toward remote background sites in East Asia
This study investigated the chemical characteristics, spatiotemporal distribution, and source apportionment of marine fine particles (PM2.5) for clustered transport channels/routes of air masses moving toward three remote sites in East Asia. Six transport routes in three channels were clustered base...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Environmental pollution (1987) 2023-08, Vol.331 (Pt 1), p.121870-121870, Article 121870 |
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creator | Yen, Po-Hsuan Yuan, Chung-Shin Lee, Chia-Wei Ceng, Jun-Hao Huang, Zi-You Chiang, Kuan-Chen Du, I-Chieh Tseng, Yu-Lun Soong, Ker-Yea Jeng, Ming-Shiou |
description | This study investigated the chemical characteristics, spatiotemporal distribution, and source apportionment of marine fine particles (PM2.5) for clustered transport channels/routes of air masses moving toward three remote sites in East Asia. Six transport routes in three channels were clustered based on backward trajectory simulation (BTS) in the order of: West Channel > East Channel > South Channel. Air masses transported toward Dongsha Island (DS) came mainly from the West Channel, while those transported toward Green Island (GR) and Kenting Peninsula (KT) came mostly from the East Channel. High PM2.5 commonly occurred from late fall to early spring during the periods of Asian Northeastern Monsoons (ANMs). Marine PM2.5 was dominated by water-soluble ions (WSIs) which were predominated by secondary inorganic aerosols (SIAs). Although the metallic content of PM2.5 was predominated by crustal elements (Ca, K, Mg, Fe, and Al), enrichment factor clearly showed that trace metals (Ti, Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, and Zn) came mainly from anthropogenic sources. Organic carbon (OC) was superior to elemental carbon (EC), while OC/EC and SOC/OC ratios in winter and spring were higher than those in other two seasons. Similar trends were observed for levoglucosan and organic acids. The mass ratio of malonic acid and succinic acid (M/S) was commonly higher than unity, showing the influences of biomass burning (BB) and secondary organic aerosols (SOAs) on marine PM2.5. We resolved that the main sources of PM2.5 were sea salts, fugitive dust, boiler combustion, and SIAs. Boiler combustion and fishing boat emissions at the site DS had higher contribution than those at the sites GR and KT. The highest/lowest contribution ratios of cross-boundary transport (CBT) were 84.9/29.6% in winter and summer, respectively.
[Display omitted]
•Cross-boundary transport of PM2.5 is mainly affected by three major channels.•High PM2.5 concentration occurred in spring and winter at three remote sites.•Chemical fingerprints of PM2.5 varied clearly with transport channels/routes.•Highest contribution ratio of cross-boundary transport was 84.9% in winter. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121870 |
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[Display omitted]
•Cross-boundary transport of PM2.5 is mainly affected by three major channels.•High PM2.5 concentration occurred in spring and winter at three remote sites.•Chemical fingerprints of PM2.5 varied clearly with transport channels/routes.•Highest contribution ratio of cross-boundary transport was 84.9% in winter.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0269-7491</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-6424</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121870</identifier><identifier>PMID: 37225076</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Aerosols - analysis ; Air Pollutants - analysis ; Asia, Eastern ; Carbon - analysis ; Chemical characteristics ; China ; Clustered transport channels/routes ; Environmental Monitoring ; Marine PM2.5 ; Particulate Matter - analysis ; Seasons ; Source apportionment ; Spatiotemporal variation ; Vehicle Emissions - analysis</subject><ispartof>Environmental pollution (1987), 2023-08, Vol.331 (Pt 1), p.121870-121870, Article 121870</ispartof><rights>2023 Elsevier Ltd</rights><rights>Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c362t-edc9b6efd8e4d7f0687e6c72cc5d0dd90a9091dada015c0466d1844b1b6821573</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c362t-edc9b6efd8e4d7f0687e6c72cc5d0dd90a9091dada015c0466d1844b1b6821573</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121870$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3550,27924,27925,45995</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37225076$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Yen, Po-Hsuan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yuan, Chung-Shin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Chia-Wei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ceng, Jun-Hao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Huang, Zi-You</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chiang, Kuan-Chen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Du, I-Chieh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tseng, Yu-Lun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Soong, Ker-Yea</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jeng, Ming-Shiou</creatorcontrib><title>Chemical characteristics and spatiotemporal variation of marine fine particles for clustered channels of air masses transporting toward remote background sites in East Asia</title><title>Environmental pollution (1987)</title><addtitle>Environ Pollut</addtitle><description>This study investigated the chemical characteristics, spatiotemporal distribution, and source apportionment of marine fine particles (PM2.5) for clustered transport channels/routes of air masses moving toward three remote sites in East Asia. Six transport routes in three channels were clustered based on backward trajectory simulation (BTS) in the order of: West Channel > East Channel > South Channel. Air masses transported toward Dongsha Island (DS) came mainly from the West Channel, while those transported toward Green Island (GR) and Kenting Peninsula (KT) came mostly from the East Channel. High PM2.5 commonly occurred from late fall to early spring during the periods of Asian Northeastern Monsoons (ANMs). Marine PM2.5 was dominated by water-soluble ions (WSIs) which were predominated by secondary inorganic aerosols (SIAs). Although the metallic content of PM2.5 was predominated by crustal elements (Ca, K, Mg, Fe, and Al), enrichment factor clearly showed that trace metals (Ti, Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, and Zn) came mainly from anthropogenic sources. Organic carbon (OC) was superior to elemental carbon (EC), while OC/EC and SOC/OC ratios in winter and spring were higher than those in other two seasons. Similar trends were observed for levoglucosan and organic acids. The mass ratio of malonic acid and succinic acid (M/S) was commonly higher than unity, showing the influences of biomass burning (BB) and secondary organic aerosols (SOAs) on marine PM2.5. We resolved that the main sources of PM2.5 were sea salts, fugitive dust, boiler combustion, and SIAs. Boiler combustion and fishing boat emissions at the site DS had higher contribution than those at the sites GR and KT. The highest/lowest contribution ratios of cross-boundary transport (CBT) were 84.9/29.6% in winter and summer, respectively.
[Display omitted]
•Cross-boundary transport of PM2.5 is mainly affected by three major channels.•High PM2.5 concentration occurred in spring and winter at three remote sites.•Chemical fingerprints of PM2.5 varied clearly with transport channels/routes.•Highest contribution ratio of cross-boundary transport was 84.9% in winter.</description><subject>Aerosols - analysis</subject><subject>Air Pollutants - analysis</subject><subject>Asia, Eastern</subject><subject>Carbon - analysis</subject><subject>Chemical characteristics</subject><subject>China</subject><subject>Clustered transport channels/routes</subject><subject>Environmental Monitoring</subject><subject>Marine PM2.5</subject><subject>Particulate Matter - analysis</subject><subject>Seasons</subject><subject>Source apportionment</subject><subject>Spatiotemporal variation</subject><subject>Vehicle Emissions - analysis</subject><issn>0269-7491</issn><issn>1873-6424</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kc1u1DAUhS1ERYfCGyDkJZsMtpOxkw1SNSo_UqVuytpy7JvWQ2IHX2cQ79SHxFEKSza-8tV3zpHuIeQdZ3vOuPx42kM4z3HcCybqPRe8VewF2ZVRV7IRzUuyY0J2lWo6fkleI54YY01d16_IZa2EODAld-Tp-AiTt2ak9tEkYzMkj9lbpCY4irPJPmaY5pgKcjbJr4tA40Cn8glAh_WZTSqaEZAOMVE7Llh8wK2eIcCIK298KhrEAuVkAhbL7MMDzfGXSY4mmEoQ7Y398ZDisob7XFgf6I3BTK_RmzfkYjAjwtvneUW-f765P36tbu--fDte31a2liJX4GzXSxhcC41TA5OtAmmVsPbgmHMdMx3ruDPOMH6wrJHS8bZpet7LVvCDqq_Ih813TvHnApj15NHCOJoAcUEtWt4J1UleF7TZUJsiYoJBz8mX0_zWnOm1J33SW0967UlvPRXZ--eEpZ_A_RP9LaYAnzagXA_OHpJG6yFYcD6BzdpF__-EP-zgqyA</recordid><startdate>20230815</startdate><enddate>20230815</enddate><creator>Yen, Po-Hsuan</creator><creator>Yuan, Chung-Shin</creator><creator>Lee, Chia-Wei</creator><creator>Ceng, Jun-Hao</creator><creator>Huang, Zi-You</creator><creator>Chiang, Kuan-Chen</creator><creator>Du, I-Chieh</creator><creator>Tseng, Yu-Lun</creator><creator>Soong, Ker-Yea</creator><creator>Jeng, Ming-Shiou</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20230815</creationdate><title>Chemical characteristics and spatiotemporal variation of marine fine particles for clustered channels of air masses transporting toward remote background sites in East Asia</title><author>Yen, Po-Hsuan ; Yuan, Chung-Shin ; Lee, Chia-Wei ; Ceng, Jun-Hao ; Huang, Zi-You ; Chiang, Kuan-Chen ; Du, I-Chieh ; Tseng, Yu-Lun ; Soong, Ker-Yea ; Jeng, Ming-Shiou</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c362t-edc9b6efd8e4d7f0687e6c72cc5d0dd90a9091dada015c0466d1844b1b6821573</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>Aerosols - analysis</topic><topic>Air Pollutants - analysis</topic><topic>Asia, Eastern</topic><topic>Carbon - analysis</topic><topic>Chemical characteristics</topic><topic>China</topic><topic>Clustered transport channels/routes</topic><topic>Environmental Monitoring</topic><topic>Marine PM2.5</topic><topic>Particulate Matter - analysis</topic><topic>Seasons</topic><topic>Source apportionment</topic><topic>Spatiotemporal variation</topic><topic>Vehicle Emissions - analysis</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Yen, Po-Hsuan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yuan, Chung-Shin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Chia-Wei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ceng, Jun-Hao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Huang, Zi-You</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chiang, Kuan-Chen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Du, I-Chieh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tseng, Yu-Lun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Soong, Ker-Yea</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jeng, Ming-Shiou</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Environmental pollution (1987)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Yen, Po-Hsuan</au><au>Yuan, Chung-Shin</au><au>Lee, Chia-Wei</au><au>Ceng, Jun-Hao</au><au>Huang, Zi-You</au><au>Chiang, Kuan-Chen</au><au>Du, I-Chieh</au><au>Tseng, Yu-Lun</au><au>Soong, Ker-Yea</au><au>Jeng, Ming-Shiou</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Chemical characteristics and spatiotemporal variation of marine fine particles for clustered channels of air masses transporting toward remote background sites in East Asia</atitle><jtitle>Environmental pollution (1987)</jtitle><addtitle>Environ Pollut</addtitle><date>2023-08-15</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>331</volume><issue>Pt 1</issue><spage>121870</spage><epage>121870</epage><pages>121870-121870</pages><artnum>121870</artnum><issn>0269-7491</issn><eissn>1873-6424</eissn><abstract>This study investigated the chemical characteristics, spatiotemporal distribution, and source apportionment of marine fine particles (PM2.5) for clustered transport channels/routes of air masses moving toward three remote sites in East Asia. Six transport routes in three channels were clustered based on backward trajectory simulation (BTS) in the order of: West Channel > East Channel > South Channel. Air masses transported toward Dongsha Island (DS) came mainly from the West Channel, while those transported toward Green Island (GR) and Kenting Peninsula (KT) came mostly from the East Channel. High PM2.5 commonly occurred from late fall to early spring during the periods of Asian Northeastern Monsoons (ANMs). Marine PM2.5 was dominated by water-soluble ions (WSIs) which were predominated by secondary inorganic aerosols (SIAs). Although the metallic content of PM2.5 was predominated by crustal elements (Ca, K, Mg, Fe, and Al), enrichment factor clearly showed that trace metals (Ti, Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, and Zn) came mainly from anthropogenic sources. Organic carbon (OC) was superior to elemental carbon (EC), while OC/EC and SOC/OC ratios in winter and spring were higher than those in other two seasons. Similar trends were observed for levoglucosan and organic acids. The mass ratio of malonic acid and succinic acid (M/S) was commonly higher than unity, showing the influences of biomass burning (BB) and secondary organic aerosols (SOAs) on marine PM2.5. We resolved that the main sources of PM2.5 were sea salts, fugitive dust, boiler combustion, and SIAs. Boiler combustion and fishing boat emissions at the site DS had higher contribution than those at the sites GR and KT. The highest/lowest contribution ratios of cross-boundary transport (CBT) were 84.9/29.6% in winter and summer, respectively.
[Display omitted]
•Cross-boundary transport of PM2.5 is mainly affected by three major channels.•High PM2.5 concentration occurred in spring and winter at three remote sites.•Chemical fingerprints of PM2.5 varied clearly with transport channels/routes.•Highest contribution ratio of cross-boundary transport was 84.9% in winter.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><pmid>37225076</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121870</doi><tpages>1</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | Aerosols - analysis Air Pollutants - analysis Asia, Eastern Carbon - analysis Chemical characteristics China Clustered transport channels/routes Environmental Monitoring Marine PM2.5 Particulate Matter - analysis Seasons Source apportionment Spatiotemporal variation Vehicle Emissions - analysis |
title | Chemical characteristics and spatiotemporal variation of marine fine particles for clustered channels of air masses transporting toward remote background sites in East Asia |
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