Torus-Margo Pits Help Conifers Compete with Angiosperms
The unicellular conifer tracheid should have greater flow resistance per length (resistivity) than the multicellular angiosperm vessel, because its high-resistance end-walls are closer together. However, tracheids and vessels had comparable resistivities for the same diameter, despite tracheids bein...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science) 2005-12, Vol.310 (5756), p.1924-1924 |
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| container_issue | 5756 |
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| container_title | Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science) |
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| creator | Pittermann, Jarmila Sperry, John S Hacke, Uwe G Wheeler, James K Sikkema, Elzard H |
| description | The unicellular conifer tracheid should have greater flow resistance per length (resistivity) than the multicellular angiosperm vessel, because its high-resistance end-walls are closer together. However, tracheids and vessels had comparable resistivities for the same diameter, despite tracheids being over 10 times shorter. End-wall pits of tracheids averaged 59 times lower flow resistance on an area basis than vessel pits, owing to the unique torus-margo structure of the conifer pit membrane. The evolution of this membrane was as hydraulically important as that of vessels. Without their specialized pits, conifers would have 38 times the flow resistance, making conifer-dominated ecosystems improbable in an angiosperm world. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1126/science.1120479 |
| format | Article |
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However, tracheids and vessels had comparable resistivities for the same diameter, despite tracheids being over 10 times shorter. End-wall pits of tracheids averaged 59 times lower flow resistance on an area basis than vessel pits, owing to the unique torus-margo structure of the conifer pit membrane. The evolution of this membrane was as hydraulically important as that of vessels. Without their specialized pits, conifers would have 38 times the flow resistance, making conifer-dominated ecosystems improbable in an angiosperm world.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0036-8075</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1095-9203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1126/science.1120479</identifier><identifier>PMID: 16373568</identifier><identifier>CODEN: SCIEAS</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Washington, DC: American Association for the Advancement of Science</publisher><subject>Academic Achievement ; Adaptation, Physiological ; Analysis ; Angiosperms ; Animal and plant ecology ; Animal, plant and microbial ecology ; Autoecology ; Biological and medical sciences ; Biological Evolution ; Biological Transport ; Botany ; Brevia ; Cavitation flow ; Coniferophyta - anatomy & histology ; Coniferophyta - physiology ; Conifers ; Electrical resistivity ; Flow resistance ; Flowers & plants ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Hydraulics ; Magnoliopsida - physiology ; Membranes - physiology ; Nuclear membrane ; Plant physiology and development ; Plant Structures - physiology ; plant-water relations ; Plants and fungi ; sapwood ; Testing ; torus-margo pit membranes ; Tracheids ; translocation (plant physiology) ; Trees - physiology ; Water ; Water and solutes. Absorption, translocation and permeability ; Water consumption ; water resistivity ; water uptake</subject><ispartof>Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science), 2005-12, Vol.310 (5756), p.1924-1924</ispartof><rights>Copyright 2005 American Association for the Advancement of Science</rights><rights>2006 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2005 American Association for the Advancement of Science</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2005 American Association for the Advancement of Science</rights><rights>Copyright American Association for the Advancement of Science Dec 23, 2005</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c640t-92fc373535529bdfa325e262abdb5e89864ee728742080ad7d4e651014d675f33</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/3843105$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/3843105$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,803,2882,2883,27923,27924,58016,58249</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=17377254$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16373568$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Pittermann, Jarmila</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sperry, John S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hacke, Uwe G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wheeler, James K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sikkema, Elzard H</creatorcontrib><title>Torus-Margo Pits Help Conifers Compete with Angiosperms</title><title>Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science)</title><addtitle>Science</addtitle><description>The unicellular conifer tracheid should have greater flow resistance per length (resistivity) than the multicellular angiosperm vessel, because its high-resistance end-walls are closer together. However, tracheids and vessels had comparable resistivities for the same diameter, despite tracheids being over 10 times shorter. End-wall pits of tracheids averaged 59 times lower flow resistance on an area basis than vessel pits, owing to the unique torus-margo structure of the conifer pit membrane. The evolution of this membrane was as hydraulically important as that of vessels. Without their specialized pits, conifers would have 38 times the flow resistance, making conifer-dominated ecosystems improbable in an angiosperm world.</description><subject>Academic Achievement</subject><subject>Adaptation, Physiological</subject><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Angiosperms</subject><subject>Animal and plant ecology</subject><subject>Animal, plant and microbial ecology</subject><subject>Autoecology</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Biological Evolution</subject><subject>Biological Transport</subject><subject>Botany</subject><subject>Brevia</subject><subject>Cavitation flow</subject><subject>Coniferophyta - anatomy & histology</subject><subject>Coniferophyta - physiology</subject><subject>Conifers</subject><subject>Electrical resistivity</subject><subject>Flow resistance</subject><subject>Flowers & plants</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Hydraulics</subject><subject>Magnoliopsida - physiology</subject><subject>Membranes - physiology</subject><subject>Nuclear membrane</subject><subject>Plant physiology and development</subject><subject>Plant Structures - physiology</subject><subject>plant-water relations</subject><subject>Plants and fungi</subject><subject>sapwood</subject><subject>Testing</subject><subject>torus-margo pit membranes</subject><subject>Tracheids</subject><subject>translocation (plant physiology)</subject><subject>Trees - physiology</subject><subject>Water</subject><subject>Water and solutes. 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However, tracheids and vessels had comparable resistivities for the same diameter, despite tracheids being over 10 times shorter. End-wall pits of tracheids averaged 59 times lower flow resistance on an area basis than vessel pits, owing to the unique torus-margo structure of the conifer pit membrane. The evolution of this membrane was as hydraulically important as that of vessels. Without their specialized pits, conifers would have 38 times the flow resistance, making conifer-dominated ecosystems improbable in an angiosperm world.</abstract><cop>Washington, DC</cop><pub>American Association for the Advancement of Science</pub><pmid>16373568</pmid><doi>10.1126/science.1120479</doi><tpages>1</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science), 2005-12, Vol.310 (5756), p.1924-1924 |
| issn | 0036-8075 1095-9203 |
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| source | MEDLINE; JSTOR Archive Collection A-Z Listing; American Association for the Advancement of Science |
| subjects | Academic Achievement Adaptation, Physiological Analysis Angiosperms Animal and plant ecology Animal, plant and microbial ecology Autoecology Biological and medical sciences Biological Evolution Biological Transport Botany Brevia Cavitation flow Coniferophyta - anatomy & histology Coniferophyta - physiology Conifers Electrical resistivity Flow resistance Flowers & plants Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Hydraulics Magnoliopsida - physiology Membranes - physiology Nuclear membrane Plant physiology and development Plant Structures - physiology plant-water relations Plants and fungi sapwood Testing torus-margo pit membranes Tracheids translocation (plant physiology) Trees - physiology Water Water and solutes. Absorption, translocation and permeability Water consumption water resistivity water uptake |
| title | Torus-Margo Pits Help Conifers Compete with Angiosperms |
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