A population‐based study of reported hepatitis C diagnoses from 1998 to 2018 in immigrants and nonimmigrants in Quebec, Canada
Immigrants living in low hepatitis C (HCV) prevalence countries bear a disproportionate HCV burden, but there are limited HCV population‐based studies focussed on this population. We estimated rates and trends of reported HCV diagnoses over a 20‐year period in Quebec, Canada, to investigate subgroup...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of viral hepatitis 2023-08, Vol.30 (8), p.656-666 |
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| creator | Passos‐Castilho, Ana Maria Murphy, Donald G. Blouin, Karine Benedetti, Andrea Panagiotoglou, Dimitra Bruneau, Julie Klein, Marina B. Kwong, Jeffrey C. Sander, Beate Janjua, Naveed Z. Greenaway, Christina |
| description | Immigrants living in low hepatitis C (HCV) prevalence countries bear a disproportionate HCV burden, but there are limited HCV population‐based studies focussed on this population. We estimated rates and trends of reported HCV diagnoses over a 20‐year period in Quebec, Canada, to investigate subgroups with the highest rates and changes over time. A population‐based cohort of all reported HCV diagnoses in Quebec (1998–2018) linked to health administrative and immigration databases. HCV rates, rate ratios (RR) and trends overall and stratified by immigrant status and country of birth were estimated using Poisson regression. Among 38,348 HCV diagnoses, 14% occurred in immigrants, a median of 7.5 years after arrival. The average annual HCV rate/100,000 decreased for immigrants and nonimmigrants, but the risk (RR) among immigrants increased over the study period [35.7 vs. 34.5 (RR = 1.03) and 18.4 vs. 12.7 (1.45) between 1998–2008 and 2009–2018]. Immigrants from middle‐income Europe & Central Asia [55.8 (RR = 4.39)], sub‐Saharan Africa [51.7 (RR = 4.06)] and South Asia [32.8 (RR = 2.58)] had the highest rates between 2009 and 2018. Annual HCV rates decreased more slowly among immigrants vs. nonimmigrants (−5.9% vs. −8.9%, p |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/jvh.13837 |
| format | Article |
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We estimated rates and trends of reported HCV diagnoses over a 20‐year period in Quebec, Canada, to investigate subgroups with the highest rates and changes over time. A population‐based cohort of all reported HCV diagnoses in Quebec (1998–2018) linked to health administrative and immigration databases. HCV rates, rate ratios (RR) and trends overall and stratified by immigrant status and country of birth were estimated using Poisson regression. Among 38,348 HCV diagnoses, 14% occurred in immigrants, a median of 7.5 years after arrival. The average annual HCV rate/100,000 decreased for immigrants and nonimmigrants, but the risk (RR) among immigrants increased over the study period [35.7 vs. 34.5 (RR = 1.03) and 18.4 vs. 12.7 (1.45) between 1998–2008 and 2009–2018]. Immigrants from middle‐income Europe & Central Asia [55.8 (RR = 4.39)], sub‐Saharan Africa [51.7 (RR = 4.06)] and South Asia [32.8 (RR = 2.58)] had the highest rates between 2009 and 2018. Annual HCV rates decreased more slowly among immigrants vs. nonimmigrants (−5.9% vs. −8.9%, p < 0.001), resulting in a 2.5‐fold (9%–21%) increase in the proportion of HCV diagnoses among immigrants (1998–2018). The slower decline in HCV rates among immigrants over the study period highlights the need for targeted screening for this population, particularly those from sub‐Saharan Africa, Asia and middle‐income Europe. These data can inform micro‐elimination efforts in Canada and other low‐HCV‐prevalence countries.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1352-0504</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1365-2893</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/jvh.13837</identifier><identifier>PMID: 37070269</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</publisher><subject>Canada ; Emigrants and Immigrants ; Hepacivirus ; Hepatitis C ; Hepatitis C - diagnosis ; Hepatitis C - epidemiology ; Humans ; immigrant ; Immigrants ; Immigration ; incidence ; Population studies ; Population-based studies ; Quebec - epidemiology ; rates ; Trends ; viral hepatitis</subject><ispartof>Journal of viral hepatitis, 2023-08, Vol.30 (8), p.656-666</ispartof><rights>2023 The Authors. published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.</rights><rights>2023 The Authors. Journal of Viral Hepatitis published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.</rights><rights>2023. 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We estimated rates and trends of reported HCV diagnoses over a 20‐year period in Quebec, Canada, to investigate subgroups with the highest rates and changes over time. A population‐based cohort of all reported HCV diagnoses in Quebec (1998–2018) linked to health administrative and immigration databases. HCV rates, rate ratios (RR) and trends overall and stratified by immigrant status and country of birth were estimated using Poisson regression. Among 38,348 HCV diagnoses, 14% occurred in immigrants, a median of 7.5 years after arrival. The average annual HCV rate/100,000 decreased for immigrants and nonimmigrants, but the risk (RR) among immigrants increased over the study period [35.7 vs. 34.5 (RR = 1.03) and 18.4 vs. 12.7 (1.45) between 1998–2008 and 2009–2018]. Immigrants from middle‐income Europe & Central Asia [55.8 (RR = 4.39)], sub‐Saharan Africa [51.7 (RR = 4.06)] and South Asia [32.8 (RR = 2.58)] had the highest rates between 2009 and 2018. Annual HCV rates decreased more slowly among immigrants vs. nonimmigrants (−5.9% vs. −8.9%, p < 0.001), resulting in a 2.5‐fold (9%–21%) increase in the proportion of HCV diagnoses among immigrants (1998–2018). The slower decline in HCV rates among immigrants over the study period highlights the need for targeted screening for this population, particularly those from sub‐Saharan Africa, Asia and middle‐income Europe. These data can inform micro‐elimination efforts in Canada and other low‐HCV‐prevalence countries.</description><subject>Canada</subject><subject>Emigrants and Immigrants</subject><subject>Hepacivirus</subject><subject>Hepatitis C</subject><subject>Hepatitis C - diagnosis</subject><subject>Hepatitis C - epidemiology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>immigrant</subject><subject>Immigrants</subject><subject>Immigration</subject><subject>incidence</subject><subject>Population studies</subject><subject>Population-based studies</subject><subject>Quebec - epidemiology</subject><subject>rates</subject><subject>Trends</subject><subject>viral hepatitis</subject><issn>1352-0504</issn><issn>1365-2893</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>24P</sourceid><sourceid>WIN</sourceid><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp10cuKFDEUBuAgit3TuvAFJODGAas7l7qklkOjM8qACOq2OFU5mU5TlZRJ1Ujv5hHmGX0SM3YrIphNwsnHT8hPyAvO1jytzf52t-ZSyeoRWXJZFplQtXz8cC5ExgqWL8hZjHvGuBQFf0oWsmIVE2W9JHcXdPTj3MNkvftxd99CRE3jNOsD9YYGHH2Y0mSHYyKTjXRLtYUb5yNGaoIfKK9rRSdPBeOKWkftMNibAG6KFJymzru_Jun-04wtdm_oFhxoeEaeGOgjPj_tK_Ll3dvP26vs-uPl--3FddZJparMYGtyQKiFqHLDa8FQlKjaUhijik50WhpVgWAl6KoDIbkBLfPCiLLAska5Iq-PuWPw32aMUzPY2GHfg0M_x0YoJpTK6_SNK_LqH7r3c3DpdUnljFecSZ7U-VF1wccY0DRjsAOEQ8NZ81BLk2ppftWS7MtT4twOqP_I3z0ksDmC77bHw_-Tmg9fr46RPwGQ5JdG</recordid><startdate>202308</startdate><enddate>202308</enddate><creator>Passos‐Castilho, Ana Maria</creator><creator>Murphy, Donald G.</creator><creator>Blouin, Karine</creator><creator>Benedetti, Andrea</creator><creator>Panagiotoglou, Dimitra</creator><creator>Bruneau, Julie</creator><creator>Klein, Marina B.</creator><creator>Kwong, Jeffrey C.</creator><creator>Sander, Beate</creator><creator>Janjua, Naveed Z.</creator><creator>Greenaway, Christina</creator><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>24P</scope><scope>WIN</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3063-8430</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4814-5191</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2128-9133</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3484-6456</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1090-4049</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6657-9874</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8314-9497</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5681-719X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9748-2234</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202308</creationdate><title>A population‐based study of reported hepatitis C diagnoses from 1998 to 2018 in immigrants and nonimmigrants in Quebec, Canada</title><author>Passos‐Castilho, Ana Maria ; 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We estimated rates and trends of reported HCV diagnoses over a 20‐year period in Quebec, Canada, to investigate subgroups with the highest rates and changes over time. A population‐based cohort of all reported HCV diagnoses in Quebec (1998–2018) linked to health administrative and immigration databases. HCV rates, rate ratios (RR) and trends overall and stratified by immigrant status and country of birth were estimated using Poisson regression. Among 38,348 HCV diagnoses, 14% occurred in immigrants, a median of 7.5 years after arrival. The average annual HCV rate/100,000 decreased for immigrants and nonimmigrants, but the risk (RR) among immigrants increased over the study period [35.7 vs. 34.5 (RR = 1.03) and 18.4 vs. 12.7 (1.45) between 1998–2008 and 2009–2018]. Immigrants from middle‐income Europe & Central Asia [55.8 (RR = 4.39)], sub‐Saharan Africa [51.7 (RR = 4.06)] and South Asia [32.8 (RR = 2.58)] had the highest rates between 2009 and 2018. Annual HCV rates decreased more slowly among immigrants vs. nonimmigrants (−5.9% vs. −8.9%, p < 0.001), resulting in a 2.5‐fold (9%–21%) increase in the proportion of HCV diagnoses among immigrants (1998–2018). The slower decline in HCV rates among immigrants over the study period highlights the need for targeted screening for this population, particularly those from sub‐Saharan Africa, Asia and middle‐income Europe. 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| subjects | Canada Emigrants and Immigrants Hepacivirus Hepatitis C Hepatitis C - diagnosis Hepatitis C - epidemiology Humans immigrant Immigrants Immigration incidence Population studies Population-based studies Quebec - epidemiology rates Trends viral hepatitis |
| title | A population‐based study of reported hepatitis C diagnoses from 1998 to 2018 in immigrants and nonimmigrants in Quebec, Canada |
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