Suppression of ETI by PTI priming to balance plant growth and defense through an MPK3/MPK6-WRKYs-PP2Cs module

Pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) and effector-triggered immunity (ETI) are required for host defense against pathogens. Although PTI and ETI are intimately connected, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. In this study, we demonstrate that flg22 priming attenuates Pseudomonas syringae...

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Veröffentlicht in:Molecular plant 2023-05, Vol.16 (5), p.903-918
Hauptverfasser: Wang, Dacheng, Wei, Lirong, Liu, Ting, Ma, Jinbiao, Huang, Keyi, Guo, Huimin, Huang, Yufen, Zhang, Lei, Zhao, Jing, Tsuda, Kenichi, Wang, Yiming
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container_end_page 918
container_issue 5
container_start_page 903
container_title Molecular plant
container_volume 16
creator Wang, Dacheng
Wei, Lirong
Liu, Ting
Ma, Jinbiao
Huang, Keyi
Guo, Huimin
Huang, Yufen
Zhang, Lei
Zhao, Jing
Tsuda, Kenichi
Wang, Yiming
description Pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) and effector-triggered immunity (ETI) are required for host defense against pathogens. Although PTI and ETI are intimately connected, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. In this study, we demonstrate that flg22 priming attenuates Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 (Pst) AvrRpt2-induced hypersensitive cell death, resistance, and biomass reduction in Arabidopsis. Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are key signaling regulators of PTI and ETI. The absence of MPK3 and MPK6 significantly reduces pre-PTI-mediated ETI suppression (PES). We found that MPK3/MPK6 interact with and phosphorylate the downstream transcription factor WRKY18, which regulates the expression of AP2C1 and PP2C5, two genes encoding protein phosphatases. Furthermore, we observed that the PTI-suppressed ETI-triggered cell death, MAPK activation, and growth retardation are significantly attenuated in wrky18/40/60 and ap2c1 pp2c5 mutants. Taken together, our results suggest that the MPK3/MPK6-WRKYs-PP2Cs module underlies PES and is essential for the maintenance of plant fitness during ETI. PTI and ETI are intimately connected, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. This study reveals that plants pretreated with flg22 exhibited enhanced immunity, reduced hypersensitive response, and maintained plant fitness during ETI. Further analyses show that MPK3/MPK6 directly interacts with and phosphorylates WRKY18, which regulates the expression of AP2C1 and PP2C5 encoding protein phosphatases, and that the MPK3/MPK6-WRKYs-PP2Cs module contributes to pre-PTI-mediated suppression of ETI in Arabidopsis.
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.molp.2023.04.004
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Although PTI and ETI are intimately connected, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. In this study, we demonstrate that flg22 priming attenuates Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 (Pst) AvrRpt2-induced hypersensitive cell death, resistance, and biomass reduction in Arabidopsis. Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are key signaling regulators of PTI and ETI. The absence of MPK3 and MPK6 significantly reduces pre-PTI-mediated ETI suppression (PES). We found that MPK3/MPK6 interact with and phosphorylate the downstream transcription factor WRKY18, which regulates the expression of AP2C1 and PP2C5, two genes encoding protein phosphatases. Furthermore, we observed that the PTI-suppressed ETI-triggered cell death, MAPK activation, and growth retardation are significantly attenuated in wrky18/40/60 and ap2c1 pp2c5 mutants. Taken together, our results suggest that the MPK3/MPK6-WRKYs-PP2Cs module underlies PES and is essential for the maintenance of plant fitness during ETI. PTI and ETI are intimately connected, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. This study reveals that plants pretreated with flg22 exhibited enhanced immunity, reduced hypersensitive response, and maintained plant fitness during ETI. Further analyses show that MPK3/MPK6 directly interacts with and phosphorylates WRKY18, which regulates the expression of AP2C1 and PP2C5 encoding protein phosphatases, and that the MPK3/MPK6-WRKYs-PP2Cs module contributes to pre-PTI-mediated suppression of ETI in Arabidopsis.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1674-2052</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1752-9867</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2023.04.004</identifier><identifier>PMID: 37041748</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Arabidopsis - metabolism ; Arabidopsis Proteins - metabolism ; effector-triggered immunity ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; MAPK ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases - genetics ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases - metabolism ; PAMP-triggered immunity ; Phosphoprotein Phosphatases - genetics ; Plant Development ; Plant Immunity - genetics ; protein phosphatase ; Pseudomonas syringae - physiology ; Signal Transduction - genetics ; WRKY18</subject><ispartof>Molecular plant, 2023-05, Vol.16 (5), p.903-918</ispartof><rights>2023 The Author</rights><rights>Copyright © 2023 The Author. 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subjects Arabidopsis - metabolism
Arabidopsis Proteins - metabolism
effector-triggered immunity
Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
MAPK
Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases - genetics
Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases - metabolism
PAMP-triggered immunity
Phosphoprotein Phosphatases - genetics
Plant Development
Plant Immunity - genetics
protein phosphatase
Pseudomonas syringae - physiology
Signal Transduction - genetics
WRKY18
title Suppression of ETI by PTI priming to balance plant growth and defense through an MPK3/MPK6-WRKYs-PP2Cs module
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