Microbial source tracking using molecular and cultivable methods in a tropical mixed-use drinking water source to support water safety plans
Microbial contamination deteriorates source water quality, posing a severe problem for drinking water suppliers worldwide and addressed by the Water Safety Plan framework to ensure high-quality and reliable drinking water. Microbial source tracking (MST) is used to examine different microbial pollut...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | The Science of the total environment 2023-06, Vol.876, p.162689-162689, Article 162689 |
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| creator | Sresung, Montakarn Paisantham, Phongsawat Ruksakul, Pacharaporn Kongprajug, Akechai Chyerochana, Natcha Gallage, Tharindu Pollwatta Srathongneam, Thitima Rattanakul, Surapong Maneein, Siriwara Surasen, Chatsinee Passananon, Somsak Mongkolsuk, Skorn Sirikanchana, Kwanrawee |
| description | Microbial contamination deteriorates source water quality, posing a severe problem for drinking water suppliers worldwide and addressed by the Water Safety Plan framework to ensure high-quality and reliable drinking water. Microbial source tracking (MST) is used to examine different microbial pollution sources via host-specific intestinal markers for humans and different types of animals. However, the application of MST in tropical surface water catchments that provide raw water for drinking water supplies is limited. We analyzed a set of MST markers, namely, three cultivable bacteriophages and four molecular PCR and qPCR assays, together with 17 microbial and physicochemical parameters, to identify fecal pollution from general, human-, swine-, and cattle-specific sources. Seventy-two river water samples at six sampling sites were collected over 12 sampling events during wet and dry seasons. We found persistent fecal contamination via the general fecal marker GenBac3 (100 % detection; 2.10–5.42 log10 copies/100 mL), with humans (crAssphage; 74 % detection; 1.62–3.81 log10 copies/100 mL) and swine (Pig-2-Bac; 25 % detection; 1.92–2.91 log10 copies/100 mL). Higher contamination levels were observed during the wet season (p |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162689 |
| format | Article |
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[Display omitted]
•Human and swine markers detected at sites adjacent to a raw water pumping station.•Higher microbial contamination levels (general, human, and swine) in the wet season•Conventional PCR GenBac3 and crAssphage screening effective prior to qPCR•Coliphage potential for low-cost, culture-based monitoring of human fecal pollution•Guidelines to incorporate MST and restore source water quality provided</description><identifier>ISSN: 0048-9697</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1879-1026</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162689</identifier><identifier>PMID: 36898534</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Netherlands: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Animals ; Bacteroides ; Cattle ; Coliphage ; crAssphage ; Drinking Water - analysis ; Environmental Monitoring - methods ; Fecal indicator bacteria ; Feces - chemistry ; Fresh water ; Fresh Water - analysis ; Humans ; Swine ; Water Microbiology ; Water Pollution - analysis ; Water Quality</subject><ispartof>The Science of the total environment, 2023-06, Vol.876, p.162689-162689, Article 162689</ispartof><rights>2023 Elsevier B.V.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c371t-3204770c8c4368c92d254f50fd8d16213847dab720e6c0a2ddfde1237588ee363</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c371t-3204770c8c4368c92d254f50fd8d16213847dab720e6c0a2ddfde1237588ee363</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-7273-4060</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969723013050$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3537,27901,27902,65306</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36898534$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Sresung, Montakarn</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Paisantham, Phongsawat</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ruksakul, Pacharaporn</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kongprajug, Akechai</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chyerochana, Natcha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gallage, Tharindu Pollwatta</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Srathongneam, Thitima</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rattanakul, Surapong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Maneein, Siriwara</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Surasen, Chatsinee</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Passananon, Somsak</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mongkolsuk, Skorn</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sirikanchana, Kwanrawee</creatorcontrib><title>Microbial source tracking using molecular and cultivable methods in a tropical mixed-use drinking water source to support water safety plans</title><title>The Science of the total environment</title><addtitle>Sci Total Environ</addtitle><description>Microbial contamination deteriorates source water quality, posing a severe problem for drinking water suppliers worldwide and addressed by the Water Safety Plan framework to ensure high-quality and reliable drinking water. Microbial source tracking (MST) is used to examine different microbial pollution sources via host-specific intestinal markers for humans and different types of animals. However, the application of MST in tropical surface water catchments that provide raw water for drinking water supplies is limited. We analyzed a set of MST markers, namely, three cultivable bacteriophages and four molecular PCR and qPCR assays, together with 17 microbial and physicochemical parameters, to identify fecal pollution from general, human-, swine-, and cattle-specific sources. Seventy-two river water samples at six sampling sites were collected over 12 sampling events during wet and dry seasons. We found persistent fecal contamination via the general fecal marker GenBac3 (100 % detection; 2.10–5.42 log10 copies/100 mL), with humans (crAssphage; 74 % detection; 1.62–3.81 log10 copies/100 mL) and swine (Pig-2-Bac; 25 % detection; 1.92–2.91 log10 copies/100 mL). Higher contamination levels were observed during the wet season (p < 0.05). The conventional PCR screening used for the general and human markers showed 94.4 % and 69.8 % agreement with the respective qPCR results. Specifically, in the studied watershed, coliphage could be a screening parameter for the crAssphage marker (90.6 % and 73.7 % positive and negative predictive values; Spearman's rank correlation coefficient = 0.66; p < 0.001). The likelihood of detecting the crAssphage marker significantly increased when total and fecal coliforms exceeded 20,000 and 4000 MPN/100 mL, respectively, as Thailand Surface Water Quality Standards, with odds ratios and 95 % confidence intervals of 15.75 (4.43–55.98) and 5.65 (1.39–23.05). Our study confirms the potential benefits of incorporating MST monitoring into water safety plans, supporting the use of this approach to ensure high-quality drinking water supplies worldwide.
[Display omitted]
•Human and swine markers detected at sites adjacent to a raw water pumping station.•Higher microbial contamination levels (general, human, and swine) in the wet season•Conventional PCR GenBac3 and crAssphage screening effective prior to qPCR•Coliphage potential for low-cost, culture-based monitoring of human fecal pollution•Guidelines to incorporate MST and restore source water quality provided</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Bacteroides</subject><subject>Cattle</subject><subject>Coliphage</subject><subject>crAssphage</subject><subject>Drinking Water - analysis</subject><subject>Environmental Monitoring - methods</subject><subject>Fecal indicator bacteria</subject><subject>Feces - chemistry</subject><subject>Fresh water</subject><subject>Fresh Water - analysis</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Swine</subject><subject>Water Microbiology</subject><subject>Water Pollution - analysis</subject><subject>Water Quality</subject><issn>0048-9697</issn><issn>1879-1026</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFUctOwzAQtBAIyuMXwEcuKX6ksXNEiJcE4gJny7U34JLEwXYK_AMfjUuhV3xYW6uZWe8MQieUTCmh1dliGo1LPkG_nDLC-JRWrJL1FppQKeqCElZtowkhpSzqqhZ7aD_GBclHSLqL9njGyhkvJ-jr3png5063OPoxGMApaPPq-mc8xlXtfAtmbHXAurc4v5Jb6nkLuIP04m3Ersc6k_zgTBbp3AfYYoyAbXD9j867ThA26h7HcRh8SH993UD6xEOr-3iIdhrdRjj6vQ_Q09Xl48VNcfdwfXtxflcYLmgqOCOlEMRIU-ZFTM0sm5XNjDRW2uwD5bIUVs8FI1AZopm1jQXKuJhJCcArfoBO17pD8G8jxKQ6Fw20-Q_gx6iYkBUlpBZlhoo1NLsUY4BGDcF1OnwqStQqCrVQmyjUKgq1jiIzj3-HjPMO7Ib3530GnK8BkFddOggrIegNWBfAJGW9-3fIN7cNoiA</recordid><startdate>20230610</startdate><enddate>20230610</enddate><creator>Sresung, Montakarn</creator><creator>Paisantham, Phongsawat</creator><creator>Ruksakul, Pacharaporn</creator><creator>Kongprajug, Akechai</creator><creator>Chyerochana, Natcha</creator><creator>Gallage, Tharindu Pollwatta</creator><creator>Srathongneam, Thitima</creator><creator>Rattanakul, Surapong</creator><creator>Maneein, Siriwara</creator><creator>Surasen, Chatsinee</creator><creator>Passananon, Somsak</creator><creator>Mongkolsuk, Skorn</creator><creator>Sirikanchana, Kwanrawee</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7273-4060</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20230610</creationdate><title>Microbial source tracking using molecular and cultivable methods in a tropical mixed-use drinking water source to support water safety plans</title><author>Sresung, Montakarn ; 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Microbial source tracking (MST) is used to examine different microbial pollution sources via host-specific intestinal markers for humans and different types of animals. However, the application of MST in tropical surface water catchments that provide raw water for drinking water supplies is limited. We analyzed a set of MST markers, namely, three cultivable bacteriophages and four molecular PCR and qPCR assays, together with 17 microbial and physicochemical parameters, to identify fecal pollution from general, human-, swine-, and cattle-specific sources. Seventy-two river water samples at six sampling sites were collected over 12 sampling events during wet and dry seasons. We found persistent fecal contamination via the general fecal marker GenBac3 (100 % detection; 2.10–5.42 log10 copies/100 mL), with humans (crAssphage; 74 % detection; 1.62–3.81 log10 copies/100 mL) and swine (Pig-2-Bac; 25 % detection; 1.92–2.91 log10 copies/100 mL). Higher contamination levels were observed during the wet season (p < 0.05). The conventional PCR screening used for the general and human markers showed 94.4 % and 69.8 % agreement with the respective qPCR results. Specifically, in the studied watershed, coliphage could be a screening parameter for the crAssphage marker (90.6 % and 73.7 % positive and negative predictive values; Spearman's rank correlation coefficient = 0.66; p < 0.001). The likelihood of detecting the crAssphage marker significantly increased when total and fecal coliforms exceeded 20,000 and 4000 MPN/100 mL, respectively, as Thailand Surface Water Quality Standards, with odds ratios and 95 % confidence intervals of 15.75 (4.43–55.98) and 5.65 (1.39–23.05). Our study confirms the potential benefits of incorporating MST monitoring into water safety plans, supporting the use of this approach to ensure high-quality drinking water supplies worldwide.
[Display omitted]
•Human and swine markers detected at sites adjacent to a raw water pumping station.•Higher microbial contamination levels (general, human, and swine) in the wet season•Conventional PCR GenBac3 and crAssphage screening effective prior to qPCR•Coliphage potential for low-cost, culture-based monitoring of human fecal pollution•Guidelines to incorporate MST and restore source water quality provided</abstract><cop>Netherlands</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><pmid>36898534</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162689</doi><tpages>1</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7273-4060</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | The Science of the total environment, 2023-06, Vol.876, p.162689-162689, Article 162689 |
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| subjects | Animals Bacteroides Cattle Coliphage crAssphage Drinking Water - analysis Environmental Monitoring - methods Fecal indicator bacteria Feces - chemistry Fresh water Fresh Water - analysis Humans Swine Water Microbiology Water Pollution - analysis Water Quality |
| title | Microbial source tracking using molecular and cultivable methods in a tropical mixed-use drinking water source to support water safety plans |
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