Trichostrongylosis: a zoonotic disease of small ruminants
In the present world a significant threat to human health is posed by zoonotic diseases. Helminth parasites of ruminants are one of the most common zoonotic organisms on the planet. Among them, trichostrongylid nematodes of ruminants, found worldwide, parasitize humans in different parts of the worl...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of helminthology 2023-02, Vol.97, p.e26-e26, Article e26 |
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| creator | Bhat, A.H. Tak, H. Malik, I.M. Ganai, B.A. Zehbi, N. |
| description | In the present world a significant threat to human health is posed by zoonotic diseases. Helminth parasites of ruminants are one of the most common zoonotic organisms on the planet. Among them, trichostrongylid nematodes of ruminants, found worldwide, parasitize humans in different parts of the world with varying rates of incidence, particularly among rural and tribal communities with poor hygiene, pastoral livelihood and poor access to health services. In the Trichostrongyloidea superfamily, Haemonchus contortus, Teladorsagia circumcincta, Marshallagia marshalli, Nematodirus abnormalis and Trichostrongylus spp. are zoonotic in nature. Species of the genus Trichostrongylus are the most prevalent gastrointestinal nematode parasites of ruminants that transmit to humans. This parasite is prevalent in pastoral communities around the world and causes gastrointestinal complications with hypereosinophilia which is typically treated with anthelmintic therapy. The scientific literature from 1938 to 2022 revealed the occasional incidence of trichostrongylosis throughout the world with abdominal complications and hypereosinophilia as the predominant manifestation in humans. The primary means of transmission of Trichostrongylus to humans was found to be close contact with small ruminants and food contaminated by their faeces. Studies revealed that conventional stool examination methods such as formalin-ethyl acetate concentration or Willi's technique combined with polymerase chain reaction-based approaches are important for the accurate diagnosis of human trichostrongylosis. This review further found that interleukin 33, immunoglobulin E, immunoglobulin G1, immunoglobulin G2, immunoglobulin M, histamine, leukotriene C4, 6-keto prostaglandin F1α, and thromboxane B2 are vital in the fight against Trichostrongylus infection with mast cells playing a key role. This review focuses on the prevalence, pathogenicity and immunological aspects of Trichostrongylus spp. in humans. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1017/S0022149X2300007X |
| format | Article |
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Helminth parasites of ruminants are one of the most common zoonotic organisms on the planet. Among them, trichostrongylid nematodes of ruminants, found worldwide, parasitize humans in different parts of the world with varying rates of incidence, particularly among rural and tribal communities with poor hygiene, pastoral livelihood and poor access to health services. In the Trichostrongyloidea superfamily, Haemonchus contortus, Teladorsagia circumcincta, Marshallagia marshalli, Nematodirus abnormalis and Trichostrongylus spp. are zoonotic in nature. Species of the genus Trichostrongylus are the most prevalent gastrointestinal nematode parasites of ruminants that transmit to humans. This parasite is prevalent in pastoral communities around the world and causes gastrointestinal complications with hypereosinophilia which is typically treated with anthelmintic therapy. The scientific literature from 1938 to 2022 revealed the occasional incidence of trichostrongylosis throughout the world with abdominal complications and hypereosinophilia as the predominant manifestation in humans. The primary means of transmission of Trichostrongylus to humans was found to be close contact with small ruminants and food contaminated by their faeces. Studies revealed that conventional stool examination methods such as formalin-ethyl acetate concentration or Willi's technique combined with polymerase chain reaction-based approaches are important for the accurate diagnosis of human trichostrongylosis. This review further found that interleukin 33, immunoglobulin E, immunoglobulin G1, immunoglobulin G2, immunoglobulin M, histamine, leukotriene C4, 6-keto prostaglandin F1α, and thromboxane B2 are vital in the fight against Trichostrongylus infection with mast cells playing a key role. This review focuses on the prevalence, pathogenicity and immunological aspects of Trichostrongylus spp. in humans.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0022-149X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1475-2697</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1017/S0022149X2300007X</identifier><identifier>PMID: 36810301</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press</publisher><subject>Abdomen ; Acetates ; Acetic acid ; Anemia ; Animals ; Antiparasitic agents ; Asymptomatic ; Cattle ; Complications ; Diarrhea ; Eggs ; Epidemiology ; Ethyl acetate ; Feces ; Food contamination ; Food contamination & poisoning ; Health risks ; Health services ; Histamine ; Humans ; Hygiene ; Immunoglobulin E ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulin G2 ; Immunoglobulin M ; Immunoglobulins ; Immunology ; Infections ; Interleukins ; Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic ; Intestinal parasites ; Livestock ; Mast cells ; Nematoda ; Nematodes ; Nucleotide sequence ; Pain ; Parasites ; Pathogenesis ; Pathogenicity ; Pathogens ; Polymerase chain reaction ; Ruminants ; Sheep ; Sheep Diseases - parasitology ; Trichostrongyloidea ; Trichostrongylosis - epidemiology ; Trichostrongylus ; Worms ; Zoonoses</subject><ispartof>Journal of helminthology, 2023-02, Vol.97, p.e26-e26, Article e26</ispartof><rights>Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press</rights><rights>Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c416t-9a9c66b8641184bf283b1fcdc3c8341105cc425a4b07af8f96fde5faf6c5a5e03</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c416t-9a9c66b8641184bf283b1fcdc3c8341105cc425a4b07af8f96fde5faf6c5a5e03</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-1736-0964</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0022149X2300007X/type/journal_article$$EHTML$$P50$$Gcambridge$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>164,314,780,784,27924,27925,55628</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36810301$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Bhat, A.H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tak, H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Malik, I.M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ganai, B.A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zehbi, N.</creatorcontrib><title>Trichostrongylosis: a zoonotic disease of small ruminants</title><title>Journal of helminthology</title><addtitle>J. Helminthol</addtitle><description>In the present world a significant threat to human health is posed by zoonotic diseases. Helminth parasites of ruminants are one of the most common zoonotic organisms on the planet. Among them, trichostrongylid nematodes of ruminants, found worldwide, parasitize humans in different parts of the world with varying rates of incidence, particularly among rural and tribal communities with poor hygiene, pastoral livelihood and poor access to health services. In the Trichostrongyloidea superfamily, Haemonchus contortus, Teladorsagia circumcincta, Marshallagia marshalli, Nematodirus abnormalis and Trichostrongylus spp. are zoonotic in nature. Species of the genus Trichostrongylus are the most prevalent gastrointestinal nematode parasites of ruminants that transmit to humans. This parasite is prevalent in pastoral communities around the world and causes gastrointestinal complications with hypereosinophilia which is typically treated with anthelmintic therapy. The scientific literature from 1938 to 2022 revealed the occasional incidence of trichostrongylosis throughout the world with abdominal complications and hypereosinophilia as the predominant manifestation in humans. The primary means of transmission of Trichostrongylus to humans was found to be close contact with small ruminants and food contaminated by their faeces. Studies revealed that conventional stool examination methods such as formalin-ethyl acetate concentration or Willi's technique combined with polymerase chain reaction-based approaches are important for the accurate diagnosis of human trichostrongylosis. This review further found that interleukin 33, immunoglobulin E, immunoglobulin G1, immunoglobulin G2, immunoglobulin M, histamine, leukotriene C4, 6-keto prostaglandin F1α, and thromboxane B2 are vital in the fight against Trichostrongylus infection with mast cells playing a key role. 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Helminthol</addtitle><date>2023-02-22</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>97</volume><spage>e26</spage><epage>e26</epage><pages>e26-e26</pages><artnum>e26</artnum><issn>0022-149X</issn><eissn>1475-2697</eissn><abstract>In the present world a significant threat to human health is posed by zoonotic diseases. Helminth parasites of ruminants are one of the most common zoonotic organisms on the planet. Among them, trichostrongylid nematodes of ruminants, found worldwide, parasitize humans in different parts of the world with varying rates of incidence, particularly among rural and tribal communities with poor hygiene, pastoral livelihood and poor access to health services. In the Trichostrongyloidea superfamily, Haemonchus contortus, Teladorsagia circumcincta, Marshallagia marshalli, Nematodirus abnormalis and Trichostrongylus spp. are zoonotic in nature. Species of the genus Trichostrongylus are the most prevalent gastrointestinal nematode parasites of ruminants that transmit to humans. This parasite is prevalent in pastoral communities around the world and causes gastrointestinal complications with hypereosinophilia which is typically treated with anthelmintic therapy. The scientific literature from 1938 to 2022 revealed the occasional incidence of trichostrongylosis throughout the world with abdominal complications and hypereosinophilia as the predominant manifestation in humans. The primary means of transmission of Trichostrongylus to humans was found to be close contact with small ruminants and food contaminated by their faeces. Studies revealed that conventional stool examination methods such as formalin-ethyl acetate concentration or Willi's technique combined with polymerase chain reaction-based approaches are important for the accurate diagnosis of human trichostrongylosis. This review further found that interleukin 33, immunoglobulin E, immunoglobulin G1, immunoglobulin G2, immunoglobulin M, histamine, leukotriene C4, 6-keto prostaglandin F1α, and thromboxane B2 are vital in the fight against Trichostrongylus infection with mast cells playing a key role. This review focuses on the prevalence, pathogenicity and immunological aspects of Trichostrongylus spp. in humans.</abstract><cop>Cambridge, UK</cop><pub>Cambridge University Press</pub><pmid>36810301</pmid><doi>10.1017/S0022149X2300007X</doi><tpages>11</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1736-0964</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Abdomen Acetates Acetic acid Anemia Animals Antiparasitic agents Asymptomatic Cattle Complications Diarrhea Eggs Epidemiology Ethyl acetate Feces Food contamination Food contamination & poisoning Health risks Health services Histamine Humans Hygiene Immunoglobulin E Immunoglobulin G Immunoglobulin G2 Immunoglobulin M Immunoglobulins Immunology Infections Interleukins Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic Intestinal parasites Livestock Mast cells Nematoda Nematodes Nucleotide sequence Pain Parasites Pathogenesis Pathogenicity Pathogens Polymerase chain reaction Ruminants Sheep Sheep Diseases - parasitology Trichostrongyloidea Trichostrongylosis - epidemiology Trichostrongylus Worms Zoonoses |
| title | Trichostrongylosis: a zoonotic disease of small ruminants |
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