An overview of New Psychoactive Substances (NPS) in northeast Brazil: NMR-based identification and analysis of ecstasy tablets by GC-MS
The actual illicit market for synthetic drugs is characterized by a wide variety of psychoactive substances of different chemical and pharmacological classes, such as amphetamine-type stimulants and new psychoactive substances. The knowledge about its chemical composition, as well as the nature and...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Forensic science international 2023-03, Vol.344, p.111597-111597, Article 111597 |
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| creator | Cunha, Ricardo Leal Oliveira, Celinalva da Silva Lima de Oliveira, Aline Lima Maldaner, Adriano Otávio do Desterro Cunha, Silvio Pereira, Pedro Afonso P. |
| description | The actual illicit market for synthetic drugs is characterized by a wide variety of psychoactive substances of different chemical and pharmacological classes, such as amphetamine-type stimulants and new psychoactive substances. The knowledge about its chemical composition, as well as the nature and quantity of the active substances present, is important for emergency care in intoxication cases by these substances and to establish adequate chemical and toxicological analysis procedures in forensic laboratories. The aim of this work was to study the prevalence of amphetamine-type stimulants and new psychoactive substances in the states of Bahia and Sergipe, in the northeast region of Brazil, involving samples of drugs seized by the local police forces from 2014 to 2019. In a total of 121 seized and analyzed samples, in which ecstasy tablets predominated (n = 101), nineteen substances were identified using GC-MS and 1D NMR techniques, comprising classical synthetic drugs and new psychoactive substances (NPS). In order to determine the composition of ecstasy tablets, an analytical method based on GC-MS was applied after validation. Analyzes of 101 ecstasy tablets showed that MDMA was the main substance, being found in 57% of the samples, in amounts between 27.3 and 187.1 mg per tablet. In addition, mixtures of MDMA, MDA, synthetic cathinones and caffeine were observed in 34 samples. These results demonstrate that the variety of substances found and the composition of seized materials in northeast Brazil is similar to other studies carried out previously in other Brazilian regions.
[Display omitted]
•Synthetic drugs comprise substances of different chemical and pharmacological classes.•This work studies the prevalence of ATS and NPS in two Brazilian northeastern states.•In a total of 121 samples, 19 substances were identified using GC-MS and 1D NMR.•The results were similar to other previously carried in other Brazilian regions. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.forsciint.2023.111597 |
| format | Article |
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[Display omitted]
•Synthetic drugs comprise substances of different chemical and pharmacological classes.•This work studies the prevalence of ATS and NPS in two Brazilian northeastern states.•In a total of 121 samples, 19 substances were identified using GC-MS and 1D NMR.•The results were similar to other previously carried in other Brazilian regions.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0379-0738</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1872-6283</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2023.111597</identifier><identifier>PMID: 36801502</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Ireland: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>1D NMR ; Amphetamine - analysis ; Amphetamine-type stimulants ; Amphetamines ; Brazil ; Caffeine ; Central Nervous System Stimulants - analysis ; Chemical composition ; Crystals ; Drug abuse ; Drugs ; Ecstasy ; Emergency medical care ; Forensic science ; Forensic sciences ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; GC-MS ; Illicit Drugs - analysis ; Intoxication ; Laboratories ; MDMA ; N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine - analysis ; New Psychoactive Substances ; NMR ; Nuclear magnetic resonance ; Police ; Psychotropic drugs ; Psychotropic Drugs - analysis ; Public health ; Seizing ; Stimulants ; Synthetic cathinones ; Synthetic Drugs ; Tablets ; Ultrasonic imaging</subject><ispartof>Forensic science international, 2023-03, Vol.344, p.111597-111597, Article 111597</ispartof><rights>2023 Elsevier B.V.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</rights><rights>2023. Elsevier B.V.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c399t-994fa2304cce27d5c278d71c493c822ca7cedb249139d7f7c0900757876a6e003</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c399t-994fa2304cce27d5c278d71c493c822ca7cedb249139d7f7c0900757876a6e003</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/2781603755?pq-origsite=primo$$EHTML$$P50$$Gproquest$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3548,27922,27923,45993,64383,64385,64387,72239</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36801502$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Cunha, Ricardo Leal</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Oliveira, Celinalva da Silva Lima</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Oliveira, Aline Lima</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Maldaner, Adriano Otávio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>do Desterro Cunha, Silvio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pereira, Pedro Afonso P.</creatorcontrib><title>An overview of New Psychoactive Substances (NPS) in northeast Brazil: NMR-based identification and analysis of ecstasy tablets by GC-MS</title><title>Forensic science international</title><addtitle>Forensic Sci Int</addtitle><description>The actual illicit market for synthetic drugs is characterized by a wide variety of psychoactive substances of different chemical and pharmacological classes, such as amphetamine-type stimulants and new psychoactive substances. The knowledge about its chemical composition, as well as the nature and quantity of the active substances present, is important for emergency care in intoxication cases by these substances and to establish adequate chemical and toxicological analysis procedures in forensic laboratories. The aim of this work was to study the prevalence of amphetamine-type stimulants and new psychoactive substances in the states of Bahia and Sergipe, in the northeast region of Brazil, involving samples of drugs seized by the local police forces from 2014 to 2019. In a total of 121 seized and analyzed samples, in which ecstasy tablets predominated (n = 101), nineteen substances were identified using GC-MS and 1D NMR techniques, comprising classical synthetic drugs and new psychoactive substances (NPS). In order to determine the composition of ecstasy tablets, an analytical method based on GC-MS was applied after validation. Analyzes of 101 ecstasy tablets showed that MDMA was the main substance, being found in 57% of the samples, in amounts between 27.3 and 187.1 mg per tablet. In addition, mixtures of MDMA, MDA, synthetic cathinones and caffeine were observed in 34 samples. These results demonstrate that the variety of substances found and the composition of seized materials in northeast Brazil is similar to other studies carried out previously in other Brazilian regions.
[Display omitted]
•Synthetic drugs comprise substances of different chemical and pharmacological classes.•This work studies the prevalence of ATS and NPS in two Brazilian northeastern states.•In a total of 121 samples, 19 substances were identified using GC-MS and 1D NMR.•The results were similar to other previously carried in other Brazilian regions.</description><subject>1D NMR</subject><subject>Amphetamine - analysis</subject><subject>Amphetamine-type stimulants</subject><subject>Amphetamines</subject><subject>Brazil</subject><subject>Caffeine</subject><subject>Central Nervous System Stimulants - analysis</subject><subject>Chemical composition</subject><subject>Crystals</subject><subject>Drug abuse</subject><subject>Drugs</subject><subject>Ecstasy</subject><subject>Emergency medical care</subject><subject>Forensic science</subject><subject>Forensic sciences</subject><subject>Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry</subject><subject>GC-MS</subject><subject>Illicit Drugs - analysis</subject><subject>Intoxication</subject><subject>Laboratories</subject><subject>MDMA</subject><subject>N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine - 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Academic</collection><jtitle>Forensic science international</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Cunha, Ricardo Leal</au><au>Oliveira, Celinalva da Silva Lima</au><au>de Oliveira, Aline Lima</au><au>Maldaner, Adriano Otávio</au><au>do Desterro Cunha, Silvio</au><au>Pereira, Pedro Afonso P.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>An overview of New Psychoactive Substances (NPS) in northeast Brazil: NMR-based identification and analysis of ecstasy tablets by GC-MS</atitle><jtitle>Forensic science international</jtitle><addtitle>Forensic Sci Int</addtitle><date>2023-03</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>344</volume><spage>111597</spage><epage>111597</epage><pages>111597-111597</pages><artnum>111597</artnum><issn>0379-0738</issn><eissn>1872-6283</eissn><abstract>The actual illicit market for synthetic drugs is characterized by a wide variety of psychoactive substances of different chemical and pharmacological classes, such as amphetamine-type stimulants and new psychoactive substances. The knowledge about its chemical composition, as well as the nature and quantity of the active substances present, is important for emergency care in intoxication cases by these substances and to establish adequate chemical and toxicological analysis procedures in forensic laboratories. The aim of this work was to study the prevalence of amphetamine-type stimulants and new psychoactive substances in the states of Bahia and Sergipe, in the northeast region of Brazil, involving samples of drugs seized by the local police forces from 2014 to 2019. In a total of 121 seized and analyzed samples, in which ecstasy tablets predominated (n = 101), nineteen substances were identified using GC-MS and 1D NMR techniques, comprising classical synthetic drugs and new psychoactive substances (NPS). In order to determine the composition of ecstasy tablets, an analytical method based on GC-MS was applied after validation. Analyzes of 101 ecstasy tablets showed that MDMA was the main substance, being found in 57% of the samples, in amounts between 27.3 and 187.1 mg per tablet. In addition, mixtures of MDMA, MDA, synthetic cathinones and caffeine were observed in 34 samples. These results demonstrate that the variety of substances found and the composition of seized materials in northeast Brazil is similar to other studies carried out previously in other Brazilian regions.
[Display omitted]
•Synthetic drugs comprise substances of different chemical and pharmacological classes.•This work studies the prevalence of ATS and NPS in two Brazilian northeastern states.•In a total of 121 samples, 19 substances were identified using GC-MS and 1D NMR.•The results were similar to other previously carried in other Brazilian regions.</abstract><cop>Ireland</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><pmid>36801502</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.forsciint.2023.111597</doi><tpages>1</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Forensic science international, 2023-03, Vol.344, p.111597-111597, Article 111597 |
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| source | MEDLINE; ScienceDirect Journals (5 years ago - present); ProQuest Central UK/Ireland |
| subjects | 1D NMR Amphetamine - analysis Amphetamine-type stimulants Amphetamines Brazil Caffeine Central Nervous System Stimulants - analysis Chemical composition Crystals Drug abuse Drugs Ecstasy Emergency medical care Forensic science Forensic sciences Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry GC-MS Illicit Drugs - analysis Intoxication Laboratories MDMA N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine - analysis New Psychoactive Substances NMR Nuclear magnetic resonance Police Psychotropic drugs Psychotropic Drugs - analysis Public health Seizing Stimulants Synthetic cathinones Synthetic Drugs Tablets Ultrasonic imaging |
| title | An overview of New Psychoactive Substances (NPS) in northeast Brazil: NMR-based identification and analysis of ecstasy tablets by GC-MS |
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