Toxicity of stormwater runoff after dormant spray application of Diazinon and Esfenvalerate (ASANA®) in a French Prune Orchard, Glenn County, California, USA
Organophosphate pesticides (OPs), in particular diazinon and chlorpyrifos, have frequently been detected in toxic concentrations in waterways draining agricultural and urban areas in California's Sacramento and San Joaquin River watersheds (US Geological Survey 1997). Toxicity has in part been...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 2002, Vol.68 (1), p.29-36 |
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| creator | WERNER, I DEANOVIC, L. A HINTON, D. E HENDERSON, J. D DE OLIVEIRA, G. H WILSON, B. W KRUEGER, W WALLENDER, W. W OLIVER, M. N ZALOM, F. G |
| description | Organophosphate pesticides (OPs), in particular diazinon and chlorpyrifos, have frequently been detected in toxic concentrations in waterways draining agricultural and urban areas in California's Sacramento and San Joaquin River watersheds (US Geological Survey 1997). Toxicity has in part been linked to stormwater runoff of OP pesticides applied during the dormant season on stonefruit and almond orchards. State Water Quality Plans have now been implemented by regulatory agencies to prevent movement of OPs into surface water, and growers have reduced the application of OPs. Simultaneously, the use of so-called reduced-risk alternatives, such as pyrethroid insecticides and Bacillus thuringiensis bloom sprays, has increased dramatically. Best management practices (BMPs) are aimed at reducing off-site movement of pesticides into surface waters. Pyrethroid pesticides, among them the widely used esfenvalerate (Asana registered ) are considerably more hydrophobic (solubility in water: 0.4 mu g/L) than the relatively soluble OP pesticide diazinon (solubility in water: 40,000 mu g/L). Although runoff of pyrethroids is believed to be minimal thus reducing pesticide impact on surface waters, esfenvalerate has been shown to be toxic to fish at extremely low concentrations ( less than or equal to 1 ug/L), and potentially poses a significantly higher risk to these organisms than OP pesticides. In addition, its potential to bioaccumulate and bioconcentrate is high. A second recommended method for reducing toxic runoff from orchards is the use of different orchard floor cover crops. Cover crops are believed to enhance water infiltration. This study was performed to measure the effectiveness of these two BMPs in reducing the toxicity of stormwater runoff. Experiments were carried out in a French prune orchard at the Talbot - Vereschagin Ranch, Glenn County, California. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s00128-001-0215-7 |
| format | Article |
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A ; HINTON, D. E ; HENDERSON, J. D ; DE OLIVEIRA, G. H ; WILSON, B. W ; KRUEGER, W ; WALLENDER, W. W ; OLIVER, M. N ; ZALOM, F. G</creator><creatorcontrib>WERNER, I ; DEANOVIC, L. A ; HINTON, D. E ; HENDERSON, J. D ; DE OLIVEIRA, G. H ; WILSON, B. W ; KRUEGER, W ; WALLENDER, W. W ; OLIVER, M. N ; ZALOM, F. G</creatorcontrib><description>Organophosphate pesticides (OPs), in particular diazinon and chlorpyrifos, have frequently been detected in toxic concentrations in waterways draining agricultural and urban areas in California's Sacramento and San Joaquin River watersheds (US Geological Survey 1997). Toxicity has in part been linked to stormwater runoff of OP pesticides applied during the dormant season on stonefruit and almond orchards. State Water Quality Plans have now been implemented by regulatory agencies to prevent movement of OPs into surface water, and growers have reduced the application of OPs. Simultaneously, the use of so-called reduced-risk alternatives, such as pyrethroid insecticides and Bacillus thuringiensis bloom sprays, has increased dramatically. Best management practices (BMPs) are aimed at reducing off-site movement of pesticides into surface waters. Pyrethroid pesticides, among them the widely used esfenvalerate (Asana registered ) are considerably more hydrophobic (solubility in water: 0.4 mu g/L) than the relatively soluble OP pesticide diazinon (solubility in water: 40,000 mu g/L). Although runoff of pyrethroids is believed to be minimal thus reducing pesticide impact on surface waters, esfenvalerate has been shown to be toxic to fish at extremely low concentrations ( less than or equal to 1 ug/L), and potentially poses a significantly higher risk to these organisms than OP pesticides. In addition, its potential to bioaccumulate and bioconcentrate is high. A second recommended method for reducing toxic runoff from orchards is the use of different orchard floor cover crops. Cover crops are believed to enhance water infiltration. This study was performed to measure the effectiveness of these two BMPs in reducing the toxicity of stormwater runoff. Experiments were carried out in a French prune orchard at the Talbot - Vereschagin Ranch, Glenn County, California.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0007-4861</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1432-0800</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00128-001-0215-7</identifier><identifier>PMID: 11731828</identifier><identifier>CODEN: BECTA6</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York, NY: Springer-Verlag</publisher><subject>Agricultural practices ; Agriculture ; Animal, plant and microbial ecology ; Animals ; Applied ecology ; Bacillus thuringiensis ; Biological and medical sciences ; Chlorpyrifos ; Cover crops ; Crustacea ; Cyprinidae ; Diazinon - toxicity ; Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution ; esfenvalerate ; Fresh water environment ; Freshwater ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Fungicides ; Geological surveys ; Insecticides ; Insecticides - toxicity ; Lethal Dose 50 ; Orchards ; Organophosphates ; Organophosphorus pesticides ; Pesticides ; Prunus dulcis ; Pyrethroids ; Rain ; Runoff ; Solubility ; Sprays ; Storm runoff ; Stormwater ; Surface water ; Toxic ; Toxicity ; Toxicology ; Urban agriculture ; Urban areas ; USA, California, Glenn Cty ; Water Movements ; Water Pollutants, Chemical - toxicity ; Water quality ; Waterways</subject><ispartof>Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology, 2002, Vol.68 (1), p.29-36</ispartof><rights>2002 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Springer-Verlag New York Inc. 2002</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c450t-50bac2f5ef41186137b05cb131951c9703ee6466acd2bfec07996e360537e2113</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c450t-50bac2f5ef41186137b05cb131951c9703ee6466acd2bfec07996e360537e2113</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,4024,27923,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=13579780$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11731828$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>WERNER, I</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>DEANOVIC, L. A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>HINTON, D. E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>HENDERSON, J. D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>DE OLIVEIRA, G. H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>WILSON, B. W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>KRUEGER, W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>WALLENDER, W. W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>OLIVER, M. N</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>ZALOM, F. G</creatorcontrib><title>Toxicity of stormwater runoff after dormant spray application of Diazinon and Esfenvalerate (ASANA®) in a French Prune Orchard, Glenn County, California, USA</title><title>Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology</title><addtitle>Bull Environ Contam Toxicol</addtitle><description>Organophosphate pesticides (OPs), in particular diazinon and chlorpyrifos, have frequently been detected in toxic concentrations in waterways draining agricultural and urban areas in California's Sacramento and San Joaquin River watersheds (US Geological Survey 1997). Toxicity has in part been linked to stormwater runoff of OP pesticides applied during the dormant season on stonefruit and almond orchards. State Water Quality Plans have now been implemented by regulatory agencies to prevent movement of OPs into surface water, and growers have reduced the application of OPs. Simultaneously, the use of so-called reduced-risk alternatives, such as pyrethroid insecticides and Bacillus thuringiensis bloom sprays, has increased dramatically. Best management practices (BMPs) are aimed at reducing off-site movement of pesticides into surface waters. Pyrethroid pesticides, among them the widely used esfenvalerate (Asana registered ) are considerably more hydrophobic (solubility in water: 0.4 mu g/L) than the relatively soluble OP pesticide diazinon (solubility in water: 40,000 mu g/L). Although runoff of pyrethroids is believed to be minimal thus reducing pesticide impact on surface waters, esfenvalerate has been shown to be toxic to fish at extremely low concentrations ( less than or equal to 1 ug/L), and potentially poses a significantly higher risk to these organisms than OP pesticides. In addition, its potential to bioaccumulate and bioconcentrate is high. A second recommended method for reducing toxic runoff from orchards is the use of different orchard floor cover crops. Cover crops are believed to enhance water infiltration. This study was performed to measure the effectiveness of these two BMPs in reducing the toxicity of stormwater runoff. Experiments were carried out in a French prune orchard at the Talbot - Vereschagin Ranch, Glenn County, California.</description><subject>Agricultural practices</subject><subject>Agriculture</subject><subject>Animal, plant and microbial ecology</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Applied ecology</subject><subject>Bacillus thuringiensis</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Chlorpyrifos</subject><subject>Cover crops</subject><subject>Crustacea</subject><subject>Cyprinidae</subject><subject>Diazinon - toxicity</subject><subject>Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution</subject><subject>esfenvalerate</subject><subject>Fresh water environment</subject><subject>Freshwater</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Fungicides</subject><subject>Geological surveys</subject><subject>Insecticides</subject><subject>Insecticides - toxicity</subject><subject>Lethal Dose 50</subject><subject>Orchards</subject><subject>Organophosphates</subject><subject>Organophosphorus pesticides</subject><subject>Pesticides</subject><subject>Prunus dulcis</subject><subject>Pyrethroids</subject><subject>Rain</subject><subject>Runoff</subject><subject>Solubility</subject><subject>Sprays</subject><subject>Storm runoff</subject><subject>Stormwater</subject><subject>Surface water</subject><subject>Toxic</subject><subject>Toxicity</subject><subject>Toxicology</subject><subject>Urban agriculture</subject><subject>Urban areas</subject><subject>USA, California, Glenn Cty</subject><subject>Water Movements</subject><subject>Water Pollutants, Chemical - toxicity</subject><subject>Water quality</subject><subject>Waterways</subject><issn>0007-4861</issn><issn>1432-0800</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2002</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNqF0t1qFDEUAOAgil2rD-CNBESpsKM5yWSSuRzWtgrFCm2vh0wmoSmzyZjMqOvD-Ag-hE9mhl0oeKE3-f3OIYcchJ4DeQuEiHeJEKCyyGNBKPBCPEArKBktiCTkIVqRjIpSVnCEnqR0lx2XlD5GRwCCgaRyhX5eh-9Ou2mHg8VpCnH7TU0m4jj7YC1Wdtn0-Vj5Cacxqh1W4zg4rSYX_BL03qkfzue18j0-Tdb4r2owMWfBJ81V86n5_esNdvkan0Xj9S3-nHMbfBn1rYr9Gp8Pxnu8CbOfdmu8UYOzIXqn1vjmqnmKHlk1JPPsMB-jm7PT682H4uLy_OOmuSh0yclUcNIpTS03tgTI9TLREa47YFBz0LUgzJiqrCqle9pZo4mo68qwinAmDAVgx-j1Pu8Yw5fZpKnduqTNMChvwpxaKoSEWtL_woyAg5AZnvwblqymy_tYpi__ondhjj7Xuyioq6ouRVawVzqGlKKx7RjdVsVdC6Rd2qHdt0Obx3Zph3aJeXHIPHdb099HHP4_g1cHoJJWg43Ka5fuHeOiFpKwP65rvDo</recordid><startdate>2002</startdate><enddate>2002</enddate><creator>WERNER, I</creator><creator>DEANOVIC, L. 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A ; HINTON, D. E ; HENDERSON, J. D ; DE OLIVEIRA, G. H ; WILSON, B. W ; KRUEGER, W ; WALLENDER, W. W ; OLIVER, M. N ; ZALOM, F. G</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c450t-50bac2f5ef41186137b05cb131951c9703ee6466acd2bfec07996e360537e2113</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2002</creationdate><topic>Agricultural practices</topic><topic>Agriculture</topic><topic>Animal, plant and microbial ecology</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Applied ecology</topic><topic>Bacillus thuringiensis</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Chlorpyrifos</topic><topic>Cover crops</topic><topic>Crustacea</topic><topic>Cyprinidae</topic><topic>Diazinon - toxicity</topic><topic>Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution</topic><topic>esfenvalerate</topic><topic>Fresh water environment</topic><topic>Freshwater</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. 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In addition, its potential to bioaccumulate and bioconcentrate is high. A second recommended method for reducing toxic runoff from orchards is the use of different orchard floor cover crops. Cover crops are believed to enhance water infiltration. This study was performed to measure the effectiveness of these two BMPs in reducing the toxicity of stormwater runoff. Experiments were carried out in a French prune orchard at the Talbot - Vereschagin Ranch, Glenn County, California.</abstract><cop>New York, NY</cop><pub>Springer-Verlag</pub><pmid>11731828</pmid><doi>10.1007/s00128-001-0215-7</doi><tpages>8</tpages></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings |
| subjects | Agricultural practices Agriculture Animal, plant and microbial ecology Animals Applied ecology Bacillus thuringiensis Biological and medical sciences Chlorpyrifos Cover crops Crustacea Cyprinidae Diazinon - toxicity Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution esfenvalerate Fresh water environment Freshwater Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Fungicides Geological surveys Insecticides Insecticides - toxicity Lethal Dose 50 Orchards Organophosphates Organophosphorus pesticides Pesticides Prunus dulcis Pyrethroids Rain Runoff Solubility Sprays Storm runoff Stormwater Surface water Toxic Toxicity Toxicology Urban agriculture Urban areas USA, California, Glenn Cty Water Movements Water Pollutants, Chemical - toxicity Water quality Waterways |
| title | Toxicity of stormwater runoff after dormant spray application of Diazinon and Esfenvalerate (ASANA®) in a French Prune Orchard, Glenn County, California, USA |
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