Steric sea level variations during 1957-1994: Importance of salinity
Spatially averaged (50°S–65°N) temperature and salinity changes in the 0–3000 m layer during the 1957–1994 period resulted in a sea level rise at a mean rate of about 0.55 mm per year. About 10% of this rate is due to a decrease of the volume mean salinity. The magnitude of total steric sea level (T...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of Geophysical Research. C. Oceans 2002-12, Vol.107 (C12), p.SRF 14-1-SRF 14-8 |
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container_issue | C12 |
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container_title | Journal of Geophysical Research. C. Oceans |
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creator | Antonov, John I. Levitus, Sydney Boyer, Timothy P. |
description | Spatially averaged (50°S–65°N) temperature and salinity changes in the 0–3000 m layer during the 1957–1994 period resulted in a sea level rise at a mean rate of about 0.55 mm per year. About 10% of this rate is due to a decrease of the volume mean salinity. The magnitude of total steric sea level (TSSL) changes and the ratio of thermosteric and halosteric anomalies to TSSL anomaly are nonuniform geographically. Salinity effects are critically important to the TSSL changes in some regions of the ocean. For example, the thermosteric anomaly is nearly compensated by the halosteric anomaly in the subpolar North Atlantic. This fact will cause erroneous heat content estimates based on altimetric observations from space if a climatological salinity is assumed. Based on the present historical archive of salinity data, a decrease in global mean salinity has occurred. This increase of fresh water would cause sea level rise at a rate of 1.3 ± 0.5 mm/yr if the added water comes from sources other than floating sea ice. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1029/2001JC000964 |
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About 10% of this rate is due to a decrease of the volume mean salinity. The magnitude of total steric sea level (TSSL) changes and the ratio of thermosteric and halosteric anomalies to TSSL anomaly are nonuniform geographically. Salinity effects are critically important to the TSSL changes in some regions of the ocean. For example, the thermosteric anomaly is nearly compensated by the halosteric anomaly in the subpolar North Atlantic. This fact will cause erroneous heat content estimates based on altimetric observations from space if a climatological salinity is assumed. Based on the present historical archive of salinity data, a decrease in global mean salinity has occurred. 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C. Oceans</title><addtitle>J. Geophys. Res</addtitle><description>Spatially averaged (50°S–65°N) temperature and salinity changes in the 0–3000 m layer during the 1957–1994 period resulted in a sea level rise at a mean rate of about 0.55 mm per year. About 10% of this rate is due to a decrease of the volume mean salinity. The magnitude of total steric sea level (TSSL) changes and the ratio of thermosteric and halosteric anomalies to TSSL anomaly are nonuniform geographically. Salinity effects are critically important to the TSSL changes in some regions of the ocean. For example, the thermosteric anomaly is nearly compensated by the halosteric anomaly in the subpolar North Atlantic. This fact will cause erroneous heat content estimates based on altimetric observations from space if a climatological salinity is assumed. Based on the present historical archive of salinity data, a decrease in global mean salinity has occurred. This increase of fresh water would cause sea level rise at a rate of 1.3 ± 0.5 mm/yr if the added water comes from sources other than floating sea ice.</description><subject>climate change</subject><subject>Labrador sea</subject><subject>Marine</subject><subject>sea level rise</subject><subject>steric sea level</subject><subject>temperature and salinity variability</subject><issn>0148-0227</issn><issn>2169-9275</issn><issn>2156-2202</issn><issn>2169-9291</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2002</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqF0T1PwzAQBmALgUQF3fgBmRADgfPZjm02VKC0QlDx1dFyg4MMaVLstNB_T1AQYoLplude3QchexSOKKA-RgA6HgCAzvgG6SEVWYoIuEl6QLlKAVFuk36ML60BLjIOtEfO7hoXfJ5EZ5PSrVyZrGzwtvF1FZOnZfDVc0K1kCnVmp8ko_miDo2tcpfURRJt6SvfrHfJVmHL6PrfdYc8XJzfDy7Tq5vhaHB6lVrOkKUzRR2iE5lA_iQzpXGmrEAtcsZ0zgsrOWOYSwu5zFBjkVkLzBZUFsAdcLZD9rvcRajfli42Zu5j7srSVq5eRoNSCiYVa-HBn5Dqdp32Alr9m0mVElQy2cLDDuahjjG4wiyCn9uwNhTM1wfM7w-0HDv-7ku3_tOa8fB2oLq5067Jx8Z9_DTZ8GqydgZhptdDM1GTqXqk3Ej2CXq8kc0</recordid><startdate>20021215</startdate><enddate>20021215</enddate><creator>Antonov, John I.</creator><creator>Levitus, Sydney</creator><creator>Boyer, Timothy P.</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TN</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>H96</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>L7M</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20021215</creationdate><title>Steric sea level variations during 1957-1994: Importance of salinity</title><author>Antonov, John I. ; Levitus, Sydney ; Boyer, Timothy P.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a4323-b81e22e56524d76892b8a5295c339c4fa74332c7a0c76292f6aa03af17f04e043</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2002</creationdate><topic>climate change</topic><topic>Labrador sea</topic><topic>Marine</topic><topic>sea level rise</topic><topic>steric sea level</topic><topic>temperature and salinity variability</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Antonov, John I.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Levitus, Sydney</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Boyer, Timothy P.</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Oceanic Abstracts</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 2: Ocean Technology, Policy & Non-Living Resources</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - Academic</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Aerospace Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><jtitle>Journal of Geophysical Research. C. Oceans</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Antonov, John I.</au><au>Levitus, Sydney</au><au>Boyer, Timothy P.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Steric sea level variations during 1957-1994: Importance of salinity</atitle><jtitle>Journal of Geophysical Research. C. Oceans</jtitle><addtitle>J. Geophys. Res</addtitle><date>2002-12-15</date><risdate>2002</risdate><volume>107</volume><issue>C12</issue><spage>SRF 14-1</spage><epage>SRF 14-8</epage><pages>SRF 14-1-SRF 14-8</pages><issn>0148-0227</issn><issn>2169-9275</issn><eissn>2156-2202</eissn><eissn>2169-9291</eissn><abstract>Spatially averaged (50°S–65°N) temperature and salinity changes in the 0–3000 m layer during the 1957–1994 period resulted in a sea level rise at a mean rate of about 0.55 mm per year. About 10% of this rate is due to a decrease of the volume mean salinity. The magnitude of total steric sea level (TSSL) changes and the ratio of thermosteric and halosteric anomalies to TSSL anomaly are nonuniform geographically. Salinity effects are critically important to the TSSL changes in some regions of the ocean. For example, the thermosteric anomaly is nearly compensated by the halosteric anomaly in the subpolar North Atlantic. This fact will cause erroneous heat content estimates based on altimetric observations from space if a climatological salinity is assumed. Based on the present historical archive of salinity data, a decrease in global mean salinity has occurred. This increase of fresh water would cause sea level rise at a rate of 1.3 ± 0.5 mm/yr if the added water comes from sources other than floating sea ice.</abstract><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><doi>10.1029/2001JC000964</doi><tpages>8</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | climate change Labrador sea Marine sea level rise steric sea level temperature and salinity variability |
title | Steric sea level variations during 1957-1994: Importance of salinity |
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