Simulation of wear rates and mechanisms in total knee prostheses by ball-on-flat contact in a five-station, three-axis test rig

A five-station, three-axis knee wear simulator with ball-on-flat contact was designed and built. The motions included in the simulator were flexion–extension (FE), anterior–posterior translation (APT) and inward–outward rotation (IOR). The 10 mm thick, 40 mm diameter test disks were machined from an...

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