Multicolor Chromism from a Single Chromophore through Synergistic Coupling of Mechanochromic and Photochromic Subunits

We report a versatile mechanophore exhibiting a vividly detectable, light‐regulable multicolor mechanochromism. Such optical features rely on the synergistic coupling of mechanochromic bis‐rhodamine (Rh) and photochromic bisthienylethene (BTE). Poly(methyl acrylate)s incorporating this bis‐mechanophore can be mechanically activated under sonication. The relative distribution of the two distinctly colored and fluorescent Rh ring‐opening products is altered with different magnitudes of applied force. Orthogonal use of the photochromic reaction of the BTE core can strengthen the mechanochromism and gate the mechanofluorescence in polymers. Due to increased conjugation offered by the BTE linker, both force‐ and light‐induced optical signals display high contrast. Combined DFT simulated and experimental results reveal that the three subunits (two Rhs and one BTE) in this chromophore are activated sequentially, thus generating switchable three‐colored forms and gradient optical responses. A new bis‐mechanophore featuring light‐regulable multicolor mechanochromism has been developed, by synergistically coupling the mechanochromic and photochromic subunits (bis‐rhodamine and bisthienylethene) into one chromophore. Consecutively and/or orthogonally triggered mechanochemical and photochemical reactions of the chromophore‐centered polymers enabled vividly detectable, multicolor switches and gradient optical responses.