Dental care provision for people with neurodevelopmental disorders (PNDs)in Iran; a qualitative study of barriers

One of the most underserved populations among dental patients is the people with Neurodevelopmental Disorders (PNDs). This study aimed to explore the barriers to dental care provision for PNDs from the viewpoint of stakeholders in provision in Iran. We arranged a qualitative study based on an individual in-depth, semi-structured interview between October 2019 and February 2020. We interviewed 30 participants using a snowball sampling strategy with three groups: dentists who provided dental care for PNDs, dental public health professionals, and policymakers/managers in dental care provision in Iran. The interviewer used an interview framework based on Levesque's model of patient-centered access. The main question was: "How do you assess the barriers to the provision of dental services to PNDs in Iran?" The data were analyzed by the qualitative content analysis method described by Graneheim and Lundman. From the 30 interviewees (11 women), there were 11 dentists, nine dental public health professionals, and 10 participants who worked as policymakers/managers. They were aged 35-62 years and had working experience between 4 and 25 years. In the content analysis, 60 meanings units were extracted, and later classified into 14 subthemes, and four main themes. Four main barriers were traced regarding access, financial, competency-related, and policy-making aspects.