Self-compassion mitigates the cognitive, affective, and social impact of courtesy stigma on parents of autistic children

Purpose Due to the courtesy stigma of autism spectrum disorder, many parents of autistic children are devaluated and discriminated against by the public. Despite the high prevalence of this courtesy stigma, very few studies have examined its negative effects on parents of autistic children and explo...

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Veröffentlicht in:Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 2023-11, Vol.58 (11), p.1649-1660
Hauptverfasser: Chan, Kevin Ka Shing, Fung, Winnie Tsz Wa, Leung, Donald Chi Kin
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creator Chan, Kevin Ka Shing
Fung, Winnie Tsz Wa
Leung, Donald Chi Kin
description Purpose Due to the courtesy stigma of autism spectrum disorder, many parents of autistic children are devaluated and discriminated against by the public. Despite the high prevalence of this courtesy stigma, very few studies have examined its negative effects on parents of autistic children and explored the factors that may protect the parents from these negative effects. The present study utilized a 2-year, two-wave prospective longitudinal design to examine the associations of courtesy stigma with adverse cognitive (self-stigma), affective (depressive and anxiety symptoms), and social (parent–child and inter-parental conflicts) consequences for parents of autistic children and to test whether these associations would be moderated and mitigated by self-compassion. Methods A total of 381 parents of autistic children completed questionnaires about courtesy stigma, self-compassion, self-stigma, depressive and anxiety symptoms, and parent–child and inter-parental conflicts at time 1 (T1) and time 2 (T2). Results Courtesy stigma interacted with self-compassion at T1 in predicting self-stigma, depressive and anxiety symptoms, and parent–child and inter-parental conflicts at T2. Specifically, the associations of courtesy stigma with the adverse psychological consequences were weaker for parents with high self-compassion than for those with low self-compassion. Conclusion Our results demonstrate the prospective associations of courtesy stigma with adverse cognitive, affective, and social consequences for parents of autistic children, as well as the protective effects of self-compassion against such associations. These results highlight the importance of increasing parents’ self-compassion to help them cope with courtesy stigma and improve their psychological well-being.
doi_str_mv 10.1007/s00127-022-02413-9
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Despite the high prevalence of this courtesy stigma, very few studies have examined its negative effects on parents of autistic children and explored the factors that may protect the parents from these negative effects. The present study utilized a 2-year, two-wave prospective longitudinal design to examine the associations of courtesy stigma with adverse cognitive (self-stigma), affective (depressive and anxiety symptoms), and social (parent–child and inter-parental conflicts) consequences for parents of autistic children and to test whether these associations would be moderated and mitigated by self-compassion. Methods A total of 381 parents of autistic children completed questionnaires about courtesy stigma, self-compassion, self-stigma, depressive and anxiety symptoms, and parent–child and inter-parental conflicts at time 1 (T1) and time 2 (T2). Results Courtesy stigma interacted with self-compassion at T1 in predicting self-stigma, depressive and anxiety symptoms, and parent–child and inter-parental conflicts at T2. Specifically, the associations of courtesy stigma with the adverse psychological consequences were weaker for parents with high self-compassion than for those with low self-compassion. Conclusion Our results demonstrate the prospective associations of courtesy stigma with adverse cognitive, affective, and social consequences for parents of autistic children, as well as the protective effects of self-compassion against such associations. These results highlight the importance of increasing parents’ self-compassion to help them cope with courtesy stigma and improve their psychological well-being.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0933-7954</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1433-9285</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00127-022-02413-9</identifier><identifier>PMID: 36566467</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>Anxiety ; Autism ; Autistic children ; Children ; Epidemiology ; Medicine ; Medicine &amp; Public Health ; Original Paper ; Parents ; Parents &amp; parenting ; Psychiatry ; Psychological factors ; Self compassion ; Social aspects ; Stigma ; Well being</subject><ispartof>Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 2023-11, Vol.58 (11), p.1649-1660</ispartof><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany 2022. 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The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany.</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2023 Springer</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c393t-eb2be5dcb3a513b2edad32ca199d01d7bbad7c321299a94c9df70125579e2ed53</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-9749-2755</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00127-022-02413-9$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00127-022-02413-9$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27923,27924,41487,42556,51318</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36566467$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Chan, Kevin Ka Shing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fung, Winnie Tsz Wa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Leung, Donald Chi Kin</creatorcontrib><title>Self-compassion mitigates the cognitive, affective, and social impact of courtesy stigma on parents of autistic children</title><title>Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology</title><addtitle>Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol</addtitle><addtitle>Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol</addtitle><description>Purpose Due to the courtesy stigma of autism spectrum disorder, many parents of autistic children are devaluated and discriminated against by the public. Despite the high prevalence of this courtesy stigma, very few studies have examined its negative effects on parents of autistic children and explored the factors that may protect the parents from these negative effects. The present study utilized a 2-year, two-wave prospective longitudinal design to examine the associations of courtesy stigma with adverse cognitive (self-stigma), affective (depressive and anxiety symptoms), and social (parent–child and inter-parental conflicts) consequences for parents of autistic children and to test whether these associations would be moderated and mitigated by self-compassion. Methods A total of 381 parents of autistic children completed questionnaires about courtesy stigma, self-compassion, self-stigma, depressive and anxiety symptoms, and parent–child and inter-parental conflicts at time 1 (T1) and time 2 (T2). 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Despite the high prevalence of this courtesy stigma, very few studies have examined its negative effects on parents of autistic children and explored the factors that may protect the parents from these negative effects. The present study utilized a 2-year, two-wave prospective longitudinal design to examine the associations of courtesy stigma with adverse cognitive (self-stigma), affective (depressive and anxiety symptoms), and social (parent–child and inter-parental conflicts) consequences for parents of autistic children and to test whether these associations would be moderated and mitigated by self-compassion. Methods A total of 381 parents of autistic children completed questionnaires about courtesy stigma, self-compassion, self-stigma, depressive and anxiety symptoms, and parent–child and inter-parental conflicts at time 1 (T1) and time 2 (T2). Results Courtesy stigma interacted with self-compassion at T1 in predicting self-stigma, depressive and anxiety symptoms, and parent–child and inter-parental conflicts at T2. Specifically, the associations of courtesy stigma with the adverse psychological consequences were weaker for parents with high self-compassion than for those with low self-compassion. Conclusion Our results demonstrate the prospective associations of courtesy stigma with adverse cognitive, affective, and social consequences for parents of autistic children, as well as the protective effects of self-compassion against such associations. 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subjects Anxiety
Autism
Autistic children
Children
Epidemiology
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Original Paper
Parents
Parents & parenting
Psychiatry
Psychological factors
Self compassion
Social aspects
Stigma
Well being
title Self-compassion mitigates the cognitive, affective, and social impact of courtesy stigma on parents of autistic children
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