Size driven barrier to chirality reversal in electric control of magnetic vortices in ferromagnetic nanodiscs

New high density storage media and spintronic devices come about with a progressing demand for the miniaturization of ferromagnetic structures. Vortex ordering of magnetic dipoles in such structures has been repeatedly observed as a stable state, offering the possibility of chirality in these states as a means to store information at high density. Electric pulses and magnetoelectric coupling are attractive options to control the chirality of such states in a deterministic manner. Here, we demonstrate the chirality reversal of vortex states in ferromagnetic nanodiscs via pulsed electric fields using a micromagnetic approach and focus on the analysis of the energetics of the reversal process. A strong thickness dependence of the chirality reversal in the nanodiscs is found that emanates from the anisotropy of the demagnetizing fields. Our results indicate that chiral switching of the magnetic moments in thin discs can give rise to a transient vortex-antivortex lattice not observed in thicker discs. This difference in the chirality reversal mechanism emanates from profoundly different energy barriers to overcome in thin and thicker discs. We also report the polarity-chirality correlation of a vortex that appears to depend on the aspect ratio of the nanodiscs. We study the response of nanoscale ferromagnetic permalloy discs stabilized in vortex state to pulsed electric fields and analyze the energy barrier to the chirality reversal process using a micromagnetic simulation.