Humic acid–mediated reduction in toxicity of Co3O4 NPs towards freshwater and marine microalgae in surfactant mixed medium
The ever-increasing applications of Co 3 O 4 nanoparticles (NPs) have posed a serious concern about their discharge in the aquatic environment and ecotoxic implications. Being toxic towards aquatic species, the impact of other aquatic components such as dissolved organic matter (DOM), salinity, and...
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| creator | Sharan, Abhishek Nara, Seema |
| description | The ever-increasing applications of Co
3
O
4
nanoparticles (NPs) have posed a serious concern about their discharge in the aquatic environment and ecotoxic implications. Being toxic towards aquatic species, the impact of other aquatic components such as dissolved organic matter (DOM), salinity, and surfactants are not studied sufficiently for their effect on the stability and ecotoxicity of Co
3
O
4
NPs. The present study aims at the influence of humic acid (HA) on the toxicity of Co
3
O
4
NPs in freshwater (
C. minutissima
) and marine (
T. suecica
) microalgae under surfactants mixed medium. The measure of % reduction in biomass and photosynthetic pigment were used as toxicity endpoints. Among various tested concentrations of HA, 25 mg/L HA was found suitable to minimize the NP’s toxicity with or without the presence of surfactants. Co
3
O
4
NPs mediated reduction in biomass of
C. minutissima
was significantly minimized by the cumulative effect of HA with T80 (51.68 ± 4.55%) followed by CTAB (46.23 ± 5.62%) and SDS (42.60 ± 2.46%)
.
Similarly, HA with T80 (26.93 ± 6.38%) followed by SDS (17.02 ± 6.64%) and CTAB (13.01 ± 3.81%) were found to minimize the growth inhibitory effect of Co
3
O
4
NPs in
T. suecica
. The estimation of chlorophyll
– a
content also indicated that microalgae treated with HA could maintain their photosynthetic ability more than control even in the co-presence of surfactants. Also, the reduced toxicity of Co
3
O
4
NPs were attributed to an increase in hydrodynamic sizes of HA-treated Co
3
O
4
NPs in both marine media (f/2) and freshwater media (BG11) due to increased aggregation and faster sedimentation of Co
3
O
4
NPs.
Graphical Abstract |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s11356-022-24227-7 |
| format | Article |
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3
O
4
nanoparticles (NPs) have posed a serious concern about their discharge in the aquatic environment and ecotoxic implications. Being toxic towards aquatic species, the impact of other aquatic components such as dissolved organic matter (DOM), salinity, and surfactants are not studied sufficiently for their effect on the stability and ecotoxicity of Co
3
O
4
NPs. The present study aims at the influence of humic acid (HA) on the toxicity of Co
3
O
4
NPs in freshwater (
C. minutissima
) and marine (
T. suecica
) microalgae under surfactants mixed medium. The measure of % reduction in biomass and photosynthetic pigment were used as toxicity endpoints. Among various tested concentrations of HA, 25 mg/L HA was found suitable to minimize the NP’s toxicity with or without the presence of surfactants. Co
3
O
4
NPs mediated reduction in biomass of
C. minutissima
was significantly minimized by the cumulative effect of HA with T80 (51.68 ± 4.55%) followed by CTAB (46.23 ± 5.62%) and SDS (42.60 ± 2.46%)
.
Similarly, HA with T80 (26.93 ± 6.38%) followed by SDS (17.02 ± 6.64%) and CTAB (13.01 ± 3.81%) were found to minimize the growth inhibitory effect of Co
3
O
4
NPs in
T. suecica
. The estimation of chlorophyll
– a
content also indicated that microalgae treated with HA could maintain their photosynthetic ability more than control even in the co-presence of surfactants. Also, the reduced toxicity of Co
3
O
4
NPs were attributed to an increase in hydrodynamic sizes of HA-treated Co
3
O
4
NPs in both marine media (f/2) and freshwater media (BG11) due to increased aggregation and faster sedimentation of Co
3
O
4
NPs.
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3
O
4
nanoparticles (NPs) have posed a serious concern about their discharge in the aquatic environment and ecotoxic implications. Being toxic towards aquatic species, the impact of other aquatic components such as dissolved organic matter (DOM), salinity, and surfactants are not studied sufficiently for their effect on the stability and ecotoxicity of Co
3
O
4
NPs. The present study aims at the influence of humic acid (HA) on the toxicity of Co
3
O
4
NPs in freshwater (
C. minutissima
) and marine (
T. suecica
) microalgae under surfactants mixed medium. The measure of % reduction in biomass and photosynthetic pigment were used as toxicity endpoints. Among various tested concentrations of HA, 25 mg/L HA was found suitable to minimize the NP’s toxicity with or without the presence of surfactants. Co
3
O
4
NPs mediated reduction in biomass of
C. minutissima
was significantly minimized by the cumulative effect of HA with T80 (51.68 ± 4.55%) followed by CTAB (46.23 ± 5.62%) and SDS (42.60 ± 2.46%)
.
Similarly, HA with T80 (26.93 ± 6.38%) followed by SDS (17.02 ± 6.64%) and CTAB (13.01 ± 3.81%) were found to minimize the growth inhibitory effect of Co
3
O
4
NPs in
T. suecica
. The estimation of chlorophyll
– a
content also indicated that microalgae treated with HA could maintain their photosynthetic ability more than control even in the co-presence of surfactants. Also, the reduced toxicity of Co
3
O
4
NPs were attributed to an increase in hydrodynamic sizes of HA-treated Co
3
O
4
NPs in both marine media (f/2) and freshwater media (BG11) due to increased aggregation and faster sedimentation of Co
3
O
4
NPs.
Graphical Abstract</description><subject>Algae</subject><subject>Aquatic environment</subject><subject>Aquatic microorganisms</subject><subject>Aquatic Pollution</subject><subject>Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution</subject><subject>Biomass</subject><subject>Cobalt oxides</subject><subject>Dissolved organic matter</subject><subject>Earth and Environmental Science</subject><subject>Ecotoxicology</subject><subject>Environment</subject><subject>Environmental Chemistry</subject><subject>Environmental Health</subject><subject>Humic acids</subject><subject>Innovative Strategies for Management of Polluted Aquatic Ecosystems: Wastewater Treatment and Resource Recovery</subject><subject>Microalgae</subject><subject>Nanoparticles</subject><subject>Photosynthesis</subject><subject>Photosynthetic pigments</subject><subject>Surfactants</subject><subject>Toxicity</subject><subject>Toxicity testing</subject><subject>Waste Water Technology</subject><subject>Water Management</subject><subject>Water Pollution Control</subject><issn>1614-7499</issn><issn>0944-1344</issn><issn>1614-7499</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kbFOwzAURSMEElD4ASZLLCwBP8eJ6xFVQJEqYIDZek2ei1GTFDtRqcTAP_CHfAkuRQIxMNmyzz32002SI-CnwLk6CwBZXqRciFRIIVSqtpI9KECmSmq9_Wu_m-yH8MS54FqoveR13NeuZFi66uPtvabKYUcV81T1ZefahrmGde2LK123Yq1loza7lezmLsTTJfoqMOspPC5jyjNsKlajdw2xKPUtzmdIa0PovcWyw6aLFy_Rv36orw-SHYvzQIff6yB5uLy4H43Tye3V9eh8kpZiKLoU8gIqy2FKVGicEp_mYmo511AIlcmcS5IIFvMcQFhEK1FWpIeF1RZlnmWD5GTjXfj2uafQmdqFkuZzbKjtgxFKRhkfahHR4z_oU9v7Jv7OZLzQCnLIIFJiQ8UhQ_BkzcK7OPnKADfrQsymEBMLMV-FGBVD2SYUItzMyP-o_0l9Algyj84</recordid><startdate>20240601</startdate><enddate>20240601</enddate><creator>Sharan, Abhishek</creator><creator>Nara, Seema</creator><general>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TV</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9858-0776</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20240601</creationdate><title>Humic acid–mediated reduction in toxicity of Co3O4 NPs towards freshwater and marine microalgae in surfactant mixed medium</title><author>Sharan, Abhishek ; Nara, Seema</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c282t-1561df01bee69abe0b52bf009162734504e4a1fa55112faaf4a4de986f9fa4533</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>Algae</topic><topic>Aquatic environment</topic><topic>Aquatic microorganisms</topic><topic>Aquatic Pollution</topic><topic>Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution</topic><topic>Biomass</topic><topic>Cobalt oxides</topic><topic>Dissolved organic matter</topic><topic>Earth and Environmental Science</topic><topic>Ecotoxicology</topic><topic>Environment</topic><topic>Environmental Chemistry</topic><topic>Environmental Health</topic><topic>Humic acids</topic><topic>Innovative Strategies for Management of Polluted Aquatic Ecosystems: Wastewater Treatment and Resource Recovery</topic><topic>Microalgae</topic><topic>Nanoparticles</topic><topic>Photosynthesis</topic><topic>Photosynthetic pigments</topic><topic>Surfactants</topic><topic>Toxicity</topic><topic>Toxicity testing</topic><topic>Waste Water Technology</topic><topic>Water Management</topic><topic>Water Pollution Control</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Sharan, Abhishek</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nara, Seema</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Pollution Abstracts</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Environmental science and pollution research international</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Sharan, Abhishek</au><au>Nara, Seema</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Humic acid–mediated reduction in toxicity of Co3O4 NPs towards freshwater and marine microalgae in surfactant mixed medium</atitle><jtitle>Environmental science and pollution research international</jtitle><stitle>Environ Sci Pollut Res</stitle><date>2024-06-01</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>31</volume><issue>27</issue><spage>38645</spage><epage>38657</epage><pages>38645-38657</pages><issn>1614-7499</issn><issn>0944-1344</issn><eissn>1614-7499</eissn><abstract>The ever-increasing applications of Co
3
O
4
nanoparticles (NPs) have posed a serious concern about their discharge in the aquatic environment and ecotoxic implications. Being toxic towards aquatic species, the impact of other aquatic components such as dissolved organic matter (DOM), salinity, and surfactants are not studied sufficiently for their effect on the stability and ecotoxicity of Co
3
O
4
NPs. The present study aims at the influence of humic acid (HA) on the toxicity of Co
3
O
4
NPs in freshwater (
C. minutissima
) and marine (
T. suecica
) microalgae under surfactants mixed medium. The measure of % reduction in biomass and photosynthetic pigment were used as toxicity endpoints. Among various tested concentrations of HA, 25 mg/L HA was found suitable to minimize the NP’s toxicity with or without the presence of surfactants. Co
3
O
4
NPs mediated reduction in biomass of
C. minutissima
was significantly minimized by the cumulative effect of HA with T80 (51.68 ± 4.55%) followed by CTAB (46.23 ± 5.62%) and SDS (42.60 ± 2.46%)
.
Similarly, HA with T80 (26.93 ± 6.38%) followed by SDS (17.02 ± 6.64%) and CTAB (13.01 ± 3.81%) were found to minimize the growth inhibitory effect of Co
3
O
4
NPs in
T. suecica
. The estimation of chlorophyll
– a
content also indicated that microalgae treated with HA could maintain their photosynthetic ability more than control even in the co-presence of surfactants. Also, the reduced toxicity of Co
3
O
4
NPs were attributed to an increase in hydrodynamic sizes of HA-treated Co
3
O
4
NPs in both marine media (f/2) and freshwater media (BG11) due to increased aggregation and faster sedimentation of Co
3
O
4
NPs.
Graphical Abstract</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><doi>10.1007/s11356-022-24227-7</doi><tpages>13</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9858-0776</orcidid></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1614-7499 |
| ispartof | Environmental science and pollution research international, 2024-06, Vol.31 (27), p.38645-38657 |
| issn | 1614-7499 0944-1344 1614-7499 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2740910892 |
| source | SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings |
| subjects | Algae Aquatic environment Aquatic microorganisms Aquatic Pollution Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution Biomass Cobalt oxides Dissolved organic matter Earth and Environmental Science Ecotoxicology Environment Environmental Chemistry Environmental Health Humic acids Innovative Strategies for Management of Polluted Aquatic Ecosystems: Wastewater Treatment and Resource Recovery Microalgae Nanoparticles Photosynthesis Photosynthetic pigments Surfactants Toxicity Toxicity testing Waste Water Technology Water Management Water Pollution Control |
| title | Humic acid–mediated reduction in toxicity of Co3O4 NPs towards freshwater and marine microalgae in surfactant mixed medium |
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