Evaluation of the color stability of 3D printed resin according to the oxygen inhibition effect and temperature difference in the post-polymerization process

The aim of this study was to determine the color stability of 3D printed resin according to the post-curing conditions (polymerization conditions and temperature). Specimens were post-polymerized under different conditions of oxygen inhibition, such as on glycerin immersion (GLY), medium-low vacuum...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials 2022-12, Vol.136, p.105537-105537, Article 105537
Hauptverfasser: Lee, Sang-Yub, Lim, Jung-Hwa, Kim, Dohyun, Lee, Dong-Hwan, Kim, Seok Gyu, Kim, Jong-Eun
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container_title Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials
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creator Lee, Sang-Yub
Lim, Jung-Hwa
Kim, Dohyun
Lee, Dong-Hwan
Kim, Seok Gyu
Kim, Jong-Eun
description The aim of this study was to determine the color stability of 3D printed resin according to the post-curing conditions (polymerization conditions and temperature). Specimens were post-polymerized under different conditions of oxygen inhibition, such as on glycerin immersion (GLY), medium-low vacuum environment (VA), and oxygen contact (CON, the control group), and temperature (35 °C, 60 °C, and 80 °C). The degree of conversion (DC), water sorption (Wsp) and solubility (Wsl), surface roughness (Ra) were measured. Additionally, surface free energy (SFE), pH values of colorants were measured. Grape juice (grape), coffee, and curry were used as the colorants, and distilled water (DW) was used as a control. And the color value was measured before and after immersion using a spectrophotometer. Then, Calculated the color change. For statistical methods, The Shapiro-Wilk test performed to check for normality revealed that the data presented a normal distribution (p>0.05). ΔE values were analyzed using three-way ANOVA. DC, Wsp, Wsl, SFE, and Ra were analyzed using two-way ANOVA. To confirm the linear correlation, Pearson's correlation coefficient was determined. The threshold for significance (p) was set at 0.05 (95% confidence interval) for all tests. DC was the highest at 80 °C in the GLY group (95.08 ± 4.88%). And Wsl decreased with increasing temperature, and was lowest at 80 °C in the GLY group (0.46 ± 0.30 um/mm3). After the colorants were immersed for 30 days, as the temperature increased, ΔE decreased in the GLY group but not in the VA and CON groups, and was the lowest at 80 °C in the GLY group: (DW, 0.95 ± 0.45 [mean± SD]; grape, 6.45± 0.69; coffee, 4.50± 0.56; curry, 9.37± 1.40). There was also a significant inverse relation between DC and ΔE. A significant inverse relation was found between Wsl and DC, and a significant positive correlation was found between Wsl and ΔE. Wsp, SFE, and Ra did not affect color stability. In the post-polymerization process, increasing the temperature and GLY were effective in reducing ΔE, which was lowest at 80 °C in the GLY group. It was also observed that a complex mechanism between the DC, Wsl of 3D printed resin affects ΔE of the resin. [Display omitted] •Glycerin immersion and temperature increase were effective on the resistance of color change in the post-polymerization process.•A complex mechanism between DC and Wsl of 3D printed resins was affected to influence the color change of resins.
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2022.105537
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Specimens were post-polymerized under different conditions of oxygen inhibition, such as on glycerin immersion (GLY), medium-low vacuum environment (VA), and oxygen contact (CON, the control group), and temperature (35 °C, 60 °C, and 80 °C). The degree of conversion (DC), water sorption (Wsp) and solubility (Wsl), surface roughness (Ra) were measured. Additionally, surface free energy (SFE), pH values of colorants were measured. Grape juice (grape), coffee, and curry were used as the colorants, and distilled water (DW) was used as a control. And the color value was measured before and after immersion using a spectrophotometer. Then, Calculated the color change. For statistical methods, The Shapiro-Wilk test performed to check for normality revealed that the data presented a normal distribution (p&gt;0.05). ΔE values were analyzed using three-way ANOVA. DC, Wsp, Wsl, SFE, and Ra were analyzed using two-way ANOVA. To confirm the linear correlation, Pearson's correlation coefficient was determined. The threshold for significance (p) was set at 0.05 (95% confidence interval) for all tests. DC was the highest at 80 °C in the GLY group (95.08 ± 4.88%). And Wsl decreased with increasing temperature, and was lowest at 80 °C in the GLY group (0.46 ± 0.30 um/mm3). After the colorants were immersed for 30 days, as the temperature increased, ΔE decreased in the GLY group but not in the VA and CON groups, and was the lowest at 80 °C in the GLY group: (DW, 0.95 ± 0.45 [mean± SD]; grape, 6.45± 0.69; coffee, 4.50± 0.56; curry, 9.37± 1.40). There was also a significant inverse relation between DC and ΔE. A significant inverse relation was found between Wsl and DC, and a significant positive correlation was found between Wsl and ΔE. Wsp, SFE, and Ra did not affect color stability. In the post-polymerization process, increasing the temperature and GLY were effective in reducing ΔE, which was lowest at 80 °C in the GLY group. It was also observed that a complex mechanism between the DC, Wsl of 3D printed resin affects ΔE of the resin. [Display omitted] •Glycerin immersion and temperature increase were effective on the resistance of color change in the post-polymerization process.•A complex mechanism between DC and Wsl of 3D printed resins was affected to influence the color change of resins.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1751-6161</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1878-0180</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2022.105537</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Elsevier Ltd</publisher><ispartof>Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials, 2022-12, Vol.136, p.105537-105537, Article 105537</ispartof><rights>2022</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c336t-2531de3b863bdccadb54f1dad8e65d41f637cda23752c0bb59ec6e074c192cc3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c336t-2531de3b863bdccadb54f1dad8e65d41f637cda23752c0bb59ec6e074c192cc3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-7834-2524 ; 0000-0002-0772-6985 ; 0000-0002-9355-5448 ; 0000-0002-4024-0215 ; 0000-0002-0567-1845</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmbbm.2022.105537$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3550,27924,27925,45995</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Lee, Sang-Yub</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lim, Jung-Hwa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Dohyun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Dong-Hwan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Seok Gyu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Jong-Eun</creatorcontrib><title>Evaluation of the color stability of 3D printed resin according to the oxygen inhibition effect and temperature difference in the post-polymerization process</title><title>Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials</title><description>The aim of this study was to determine the color stability of 3D printed resin according to the post-curing conditions (polymerization conditions and temperature). Specimens were post-polymerized under different conditions of oxygen inhibition, such as on glycerin immersion (GLY), medium-low vacuum environment (VA), and oxygen contact (CON, the control group), and temperature (35 °C, 60 °C, and 80 °C). The degree of conversion (DC), water sorption (Wsp) and solubility (Wsl), surface roughness (Ra) were measured. Additionally, surface free energy (SFE), pH values of colorants were measured. Grape juice (grape), coffee, and curry were used as the colorants, and distilled water (DW) was used as a control. And the color value was measured before and after immersion using a spectrophotometer. Then, Calculated the color change. For statistical methods, The Shapiro-Wilk test performed to check for normality revealed that the data presented a normal distribution (p&gt;0.05). ΔE values were analyzed using three-way ANOVA. DC, Wsp, Wsl, SFE, and Ra were analyzed using two-way ANOVA. To confirm the linear correlation, Pearson's correlation coefficient was determined. The threshold for significance (p) was set at 0.05 (95% confidence interval) for all tests. DC was the highest at 80 °C in the GLY group (95.08 ± 4.88%). And Wsl decreased with increasing temperature, and was lowest at 80 °C in the GLY group (0.46 ± 0.30 um/mm3). After the colorants were immersed for 30 days, as the temperature increased, ΔE decreased in the GLY group but not in the VA and CON groups, and was the lowest at 80 °C in the GLY group: (DW, 0.95 ± 0.45 [mean± SD]; grape, 6.45± 0.69; coffee, 4.50± 0.56; curry, 9.37± 1.40). There was also a significant inverse relation between DC and ΔE. A significant inverse relation was found between Wsl and DC, and a significant positive correlation was found between Wsl and ΔE. Wsp, SFE, and Ra did not affect color stability. In the post-polymerization process, increasing the temperature and GLY were effective in reducing ΔE, which was lowest at 80 °C in the GLY group. It was also observed that a complex mechanism between the DC, Wsl of 3D printed resin affects ΔE of the resin. [Display omitted] •Glycerin immersion and temperature increase were effective on the resistance of color change in the post-polymerization process.•A complex mechanism between DC and Wsl of 3D printed resins was affected to influence the color change of resins.</description><issn>1751-6161</issn><issn>1878-0180</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kb1u2zAUhYUgBZq4eYIuHLvI5Y9FyUOHIj9tgABdvBPk5ZVNQyIVkjbqvEvfNbTVOROJg_PdS55TVV8ZXTLK5Pf9cj8aMy455bwoTSPaq-qGdW1XU9bR63JvG1ZLJtnn6jalPaWS0q67qf49HvVw0NkFT0JP8g4JhCFEkrI2bnD5dJbFA5mi8xktiZicJxogROv8luRwgcLf0xY9cX7njLtMw75HyER7SzKOE0adDxGJdUWP6AGL-YJOIeV6CsNpxOje5qdMMQCm9KX61Osh4d3_c1Ftnh4397_rlz-_nu9_vtQghMw1bwSzKEwnhbEA2ppm1TOrbYeysSvWS9GC1Vy0DQdqTLNGkEjbFbA1BxCL6ts8tqx9PWDKanQJcBi0x3BIireirFhJyotVzFaIIaWIvSrBjDqeFKPq3IXaq0sX6tyFmrso1I-ZwvKJo8OoErhzBtbFEpKywX3IvwMWy5gZ</recordid><startdate>202212</startdate><enddate>202212</enddate><creator>Lee, Sang-Yub</creator><creator>Lim, Jung-Hwa</creator><creator>Kim, Dohyun</creator><creator>Lee, Dong-Hwan</creator><creator>Kim, Seok Gyu</creator><creator>Kim, Jong-Eun</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7834-2524</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0772-6985</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9355-5448</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4024-0215</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0567-1845</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202212</creationdate><title>Evaluation of the color stability of 3D printed resin according to the oxygen inhibition effect and temperature difference in the post-polymerization process</title><author>Lee, Sang-Yub ; Lim, Jung-Hwa ; Kim, Dohyun ; Lee, Dong-Hwan ; Kim, Seok Gyu ; Kim, Jong-Eun</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c336t-2531de3b863bdccadb54f1dad8e65d41f637cda23752c0bb59ec6e074c192cc3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Lee, Sang-Yub</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lim, Jung-Hwa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Dohyun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Dong-Hwan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Seok Gyu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Jong-Eun</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Lee, Sang-Yub</au><au>Lim, Jung-Hwa</au><au>Kim, Dohyun</au><au>Lee, Dong-Hwan</au><au>Kim, Seok Gyu</au><au>Kim, Jong-Eun</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Evaluation of the color stability of 3D printed resin according to the oxygen inhibition effect and temperature difference in the post-polymerization process</atitle><jtitle>Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials</jtitle><date>2022-12</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>136</volume><spage>105537</spage><epage>105537</epage><pages>105537-105537</pages><artnum>105537</artnum><issn>1751-6161</issn><eissn>1878-0180</eissn><abstract>The aim of this study was to determine the color stability of 3D printed resin according to the post-curing conditions (polymerization conditions and temperature). Specimens were post-polymerized under different conditions of oxygen inhibition, such as on glycerin immersion (GLY), medium-low vacuum environment (VA), and oxygen contact (CON, the control group), and temperature (35 °C, 60 °C, and 80 °C). The degree of conversion (DC), water sorption (Wsp) and solubility (Wsl), surface roughness (Ra) were measured. Additionally, surface free energy (SFE), pH values of colorants were measured. Grape juice (grape), coffee, and curry were used as the colorants, and distilled water (DW) was used as a control. And the color value was measured before and after immersion using a spectrophotometer. Then, Calculated the color change. For statistical methods, The Shapiro-Wilk test performed to check for normality revealed that the data presented a normal distribution (p&gt;0.05). ΔE values were analyzed using three-way ANOVA. DC, Wsp, Wsl, SFE, and Ra were analyzed using two-way ANOVA. To confirm the linear correlation, Pearson's correlation coefficient was determined. The threshold for significance (p) was set at 0.05 (95% confidence interval) for all tests. DC was the highest at 80 °C in the GLY group (95.08 ± 4.88%). And Wsl decreased with increasing temperature, and was lowest at 80 °C in the GLY group (0.46 ± 0.30 um/mm3). After the colorants were immersed for 30 days, as the temperature increased, ΔE decreased in the GLY group but not in the VA and CON groups, and was the lowest at 80 °C in the GLY group: (DW, 0.95 ± 0.45 [mean± SD]; grape, 6.45± 0.69; coffee, 4.50± 0.56; curry, 9.37± 1.40). There was also a significant inverse relation between DC and ΔE. A significant inverse relation was found between Wsl and DC, and a significant positive correlation was found between Wsl and ΔE. Wsp, SFE, and Ra did not affect color stability. In the post-polymerization process, increasing the temperature and GLY were effective in reducing ΔE, which was lowest at 80 °C in the GLY group. It was also observed that a complex mechanism between the DC, Wsl of 3D printed resin affects ΔE of the resin. [Display omitted] •Glycerin immersion and temperature increase were effective on the resistance of color change in the post-polymerization process.•A complex mechanism between DC and Wsl of 3D printed resins was affected to influence the color change of resins.</abstract><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><doi>10.1016/j.jmbbm.2022.105537</doi><tpages>1</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7834-2524</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0772-6985</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9355-5448</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4024-0215</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0567-1845</orcidid></addata></record>
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title Evaluation of the color stability of 3D printed resin according to the oxygen inhibition effect and temperature difference in the post-polymerization process
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