Long-distance pattern projection through an unfixed multimode fiber with natural evolution strategy-based wavefront shaping

Focusing light into an arbitrary pattern through complex media is desired in energy delivery-related scenarios and has been demonstrated feasible with the assistance of wavefront shaping. However, it still encounters challenges in terms of pattern fidelity and focusing contrast, especially in a nois...

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Veröffentlicht in:Optics express 2022-08, Vol.30 (18), p.32565-32576
Hauptverfasser: Cheng, Shengfu, Zhong, Tianting, Woo, Chi Man, Zhao, Qi, Hui, Hui, Lai, Puxiang
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container_end_page 32576
container_issue 18
container_start_page 32565
container_title Optics express
container_volume 30
creator Cheng, Shengfu
Zhong, Tianting
Woo, Chi Man
Zhao, Qi
Hui, Hui
Lai, Puxiang
description Focusing light into an arbitrary pattern through complex media is desired in energy delivery-related scenarios and has been demonstrated feasible with the assistance of wavefront shaping. However, it still encounters challenges in terms of pattern fidelity and focusing contrast, especially in a noisy and perturbed environment. In this work, we show that the strategy relying on natural gradient ascent-based parameter optimization can help to resist noise and disturbance, enabling rapid wavefront optimization towards high-quality pattern projection through complex media. It is revealed that faster convergence and better robustness can be achieved compared with existing phase control algorithms. Meanwhile, a new fitness function based on cosine similarity is adopted for the algorithm, leading to higher focusing contrast without sacrificing similarity to the target pattern. As a result, long-distance projection of an arbitrary pattern can be accomplished with considerably enhanced performance through a 15-meter multimode fiber that is not fixed and susceptible to perturbation. With further engineering, the approach may find special interests for many biomedical applications, such as deep-tissue photon therapy and optogenetics, where free-space localized optical delivery encounters challenges.
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title Long-distance pattern projection through an unfixed multimode fiber with natural evolution strategy-based wavefront shaping
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