Is low cardiorespiratory fitness a feature of metabolic syndrome in children and adults?
Cardiorespiratory fitness has been inversely associated with risk of cardiometabolic diseases. However, there are no studies comparing the independent associations of cardiorespiratory fitness scaled by body size and composition using different approaches with cardiometabolic risk factors between ch...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of science and medicine in sport 2022-11, Vol.25 (11), p.923-929 |
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| container_title | Journal of science and medicine in sport |
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| creator | Haapala, Eero A. Tompuri, Tuomo Lintu, Niina Viitasalo, Anna Savonen, Kai Lakka, Timo A. Laukkanen, Jari A. |
| description | Cardiorespiratory fitness has been inversely associated with risk of cardiometabolic diseases. However, there are no studies comparing the independent associations of cardiorespiratory fitness scaled by body size and composition using different approaches with cardiometabolic risk factors between children and adults. We therefore investigated these associations in children and adults using same measures for cardiorespiratory fitness and cardiometabolic risk factors.
Cross-sectional.
A total of 352 children (47.2 % girls) and 572 men were included in the study. Peak oxygen uptake (V̇O2peak) was measured during a maximal exercise test on a cycle ergometer and was scaled by total body mass, total fat free mass, and allometrically modelled body mass, fat free mass, and stature. Insulin, glucose, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were assessed from fasting blood samples and systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were measured. Homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance and continuous metabolic risk score were computed.
V̇O2peak scaled by body mass was inversely associated with insulin, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, triglycerides, diastolic blood pressure, the cardiometabolic risk score and the number of cardiometabolic risk factors in children and adults. However, these associations attenuated remarkably when V̇O2peak was scaled by total fat free mass or allometrically modelled body mass, fat free mass, or stature. V̇O2peak was consistently and positively associated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in children and adults irrespective of the scaling approach.
The inverse associations of cardiorespiratory fitness with cardiometabolic risk factors among children and adults attenuated remarkably when body size and composition were appropriately controlled for. However, the positive association between cardiorespiratory fitness and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was consistent irrespective of the scaling approach. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.jsams.2022.08.002 |
| format | Article |
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Cross-sectional.
A total of 352 children (47.2 % girls) and 572 men were included in the study. Peak oxygen uptake (V̇O2peak) was measured during a maximal exercise test on a cycle ergometer and was scaled by total body mass, total fat free mass, and allometrically modelled body mass, fat free mass, and stature. Insulin, glucose, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were assessed from fasting blood samples and systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were measured. Homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance and continuous metabolic risk score were computed.
V̇O2peak scaled by body mass was inversely associated with insulin, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, triglycerides, diastolic blood pressure, the cardiometabolic risk score and the number of cardiometabolic risk factors in children and adults. However, these associations attenuated remarkably when V̇O2peak was scaled by total fat free mass or allometrically modelled body mass, fat free mass, or stature. V̇O2peak was consistently and positively associated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in children and adults irrespective of the scaling approach.
The inverse associations of cardiorespiratory fitness with cardiometabolic risk factors among children and adults attenuated remarkably when body size and composition were appropriately controlled for. However, the positive association between cardiorespiratory fitness and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was consistent irrespective of the scaling approach.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1440-2440</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1878-1861</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2022.08.002</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Belconnen: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Age ; Blood pressure ; Body composition ; Body mass index ; Children & youth ; Cholesterol ; Fitness ; Girls ; Glucose ; High density lipoprotein ; Insulin resistance ; Low density lipoprotein ; Maximum oxygen consumption ; Metabolic syndrome ; Obesity ; Oils & fats ; Overweight ; Paediatrics ; Physical fitness ; Physiology ; Regression analysis ; Research ethics ; Risk factors ; Triglycerides</subject><ispartof>Journal of science and medicine in sport, 2022-11, Vol.25 (11), p.923-929</ispartof><rights>2022 The Author(s)</rights><rights>2022. The Author(s)</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c409t-cad01a46c83a675a61b7b60dcb5ca35e0614f484f60945cdc0f8d0953e0d8e5d3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c409t-cad01a46c83a675a61b7b60dcb5ca35e0614f484f60945cdc0f8d0953e0d8e5d3</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-5096-851X</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/2732016080?pq-origsite=primo$$EHTML$$P50$$Gproquest$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,778,782,3539,27907,27908,45978,64366,64368,64370,72220</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Haapala, Eero A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tompuri, Tuomo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lintu, Niina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Viitasalo, Anna</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Savonen, Kai</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lakka, Timo A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Laukkanen, Jari A.</creatorcontrib><title>Is low cardiorespiratory fitness a feature of metabolic syndrome in children and adults?</title><title>Journal of science and medicine in sport</title><description>Cardiorespiratory fitness has been inversely associated with risk of cardiometabolic diseases. However, there are no studies comparing the independent associations of cardiorespiratory fitness scaled by body size and composition using different approaches with cardiometabolic risk factors between children and adults. We therefore investigated these associations in children and adults using same measures for cardiorespiratory fitness and cardiometabolic risk factors.
Cross-sectional.
A total of 352 children (47.2 % girls) and 572 men were included in the study. Peak oxygen uptake (V̇O2peak) was measured during a maximal exercise test on a cycle ergometer and was scaled by total body mass, total fat free mass, and allometrically modelled body mass, fat free mass, and stature. Insulin, glucose, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were assessed from fasting blood samples and systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were measured. Homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance and continuous metabolic risk score were computed.
V̇O2peak scaled by body mass was inversely associated with insulin, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, triglycerides, diastolic blood pressure, the cardiometabolic risk score and the number of cardiometabolic risk factors in children and adults. However, these associations attenuated remarkably when V̇O2peak was scaled by total fat free mass or allometrically modelled body mass, fat free mass, or stature. V̇O2peak was consistently and positively associated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in children and adults irrespective of the scaling approach.
The inverse associations of cardiorespiratory fitness with cardiometabolic risk factors among children and adults attenuated remarkably when body size and composition were appropriately controlled for. However, the positive association between cardiorespiratory fitness and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was consistent irrespective of the scaling approach.</description><subject>Age</subject><subject>Blood pressure</subject><subject>Body composition</subject><subject>Body mass index</subject><subject>Children & youth</subject><subject>Cholesterol</subject><subject>Fitness</subject><subject>Girls</subject><subject>Glucose</subject><subject>High density lipoprotein</subject><subject>Insulin resistance</subject><subject>Low density lipoprotein</subject><subject>Maximum oxygen consumption</subject><subject>Metabolic syndrome</subject><subject>Obesity</subject><subject>Oils & fats</subject><subject>Overweight</subject><subject>Paediatrics</subject><subject>Physical fitness</subject><subject>Physiology</subject><subject>Regression analysis</subject><subject>Research ethics</subject><subject>Risk factors</subject><subject>Triglycerides</subject><issn>1440-2440</issn><issn>1878-1861</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kE1LxDAQhosouK7-Ai8BL15aJ23aZg8iIn4sLHhR8BayyRRT2mbNtMr-e7OuJw9eZubwvMPMkyTnHDIOvLpqs5Z0T1kOeZ6BzADyg2TGZS1TLit-GGchIM1jOU5OiNoIlHVRz5K3JbHOfzGjg3U-IG1c0KMPW9a4cUAiplmDepwCMt-wHke99p0zjLaDDb5H5gZm3l1nAw5MD5ZpO3Uj3ZwmR43uCM9--zx5fbh_uXtKV8-Py7vbVWoELMbUaAtci8rIQld1qSu-rtcVWLMujS5KhIqLRkjRVLAQpbEGGmlhURYIVmJpi3lyud-7Cf5jQhpV78hg1-kB_UQqr6EUwIXMI3rxB239FIZ4XaSKPIoECZEq9pQJnihgozbB9TpsFQe1s61a9WNb7WwrkCrKjKnrfQrjr58OgyLjcDBoXUAzKuvdv_lvhAWJnQ</recordid><startdate>202211</startdate><enddate>202211</enddate><creator>Haapala, Eero A.</creator><creator>Tompuri, Tuomo</creator><creator>Lintu, Niina</creator><creator>Viitasalo, Anna</creator><creator>Savonen, Kai</creator><creator>Lakka, Timo A.</creator><creator>Laukkanen, Jari A.</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><general>Elsevier Limited</general><scope>6I.</scope><scope>AAFTH</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7TS</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AYAGU</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5096-851X</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202211</creationdate><title>Is low cardiorespiratory fitness a feature of metabolic syndrome in children and adults?</title><author>Haapala, Eero A. ; 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However, there are no studies comparing the independent associations of cardiorespiratory fitness scaled by body size and composition using different approaches with cardiometabolic risk factors between children and adults. We therefore investigated these associations in children and adults using same measures for cardiorespiratory fitness and cardiometabolic risk factors.
Cross-sectional.
A total of 352 children (47.2 % girls) and 572 men were included in the study. Peak oxygen uptake (V̇O2peak) was measured during a maximal exercise test on a cycle ergometer and was scaled by total body mass, total fat free mass, and allometrically modelled body mass, fat free mass, and stature. Insulin, glucose, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were assessed from fasting blood samples and systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were measured. Homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance and continuous metabolic risk score were computed.
V̇O2peak scaled by body mass was inversely associated with insulin, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, triglycerides, diastolic blood pressure, the cardiometabolic risk score and the number of cardiometabolic risk factors in children and adults. However, these associations attenuated remarkably when V̇O2peak was scaled by total fat free mass or allometrically modelled body mass, fat free mass, or stature. V̇O2peak was consistently and positively associated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in children and adults irrespective of the scaling approach.
The inverse associations of cardiorespiratory fitness with cardiometabolic risk factors among children and adults attenuated remarkably when body size and composition were appropriately controlled for. However, the positive association between cardiorespiratory fitness and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was consistent irrespective of the scaling approach.</abstract><cop>Belconnen</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><doi>10.1016/j.jsams.2022.08.002</doi><tpages>7</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5096-851X</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals Complete - AutoHoldings; ProQuest Central UK/Ireland |
| subjects | Age Blood pressure Body composition Body mass index Children & youth Cholesterol Fitness Girls Glucose High density lipoprotein Insulin resistance Low density lipoprotein Maximum oxygen consumption Metabolic syndrome Obesity Oils & fats Overweight Paediatrics Physical fitness Physiology Regression analysis Research ethics Risk factors Triglycerides |
| title | Is low cardiorespiratory fitness a feature of metabolic syndrome in children and adults? |
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