Haptic simulators accelerate laparoscopic simulator training, but skills are not transferable to a non-haptic simulator: a randomized trial

Background Laparoscopy requires specific psychomotor skills and can be challenging to learn. Most proficiency-based laparoscopic training programs have used non-haptic virtual reality simulators; however, haptic simulators can provide the tactile sensations that the surgeon would experience in the o...

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Veröffentlicht in:Surgical endoscopy 2023, Vol.37 (1), p.200-208
Hauptverfasser: Vamadevan, Anishan, Konge, Lars, Stadeager, Morten, Bjerrum, Flemming
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container_start_page 200
container_title Surgical endoscopy
container_volume 37
creator Vamadevan, Anishan
Konge, Lars
Stadeager, Morten
Bjerrum, Flemming
description Background Laparoscopy requires specific psychomotor skills and can be challenging to learn. Most proficiency-based laparoscopic training programs have used non-haptic virtual reality simulators; however, haptic simulators can provide the tactile sensations that the surgeon would experience in the operating room. The objective was to investigate the effect of adding haptic simulators to a proficiency-based laparoscopy training program. Methods A randomized controlled trial was designed where residents ( n  = 36) were randomized to proficiency-based laparoscopic simulator training using haptic or non-haptic simulators. Subsequently, participants from the haptic group completed a follow-up test, where they had to reach proficiency again using the non-haptic simulator. Participants from the non-haptic group returned to train until reaching proficiency again using the non-haptic simulator. Results Mean completion times during the intervention were 120 min (SD 38.7 min) and 183 min (SD 66.3 min) for the haptic group and the non-haptic group, respectively ( p  = 0.001). The mean times to proficiency during the follow-up test were 107 min (SD 41.0 min) and 58 min (SD 23.7 min) for the haptic and the non-haptic group, respectively ( p  
doi_str_mv 10.1007/s00464-022-09422-4
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Most proficiency-based laparoscopic training programs have used non-haptic virtual reality simulators; however, haptic simulators can provide the tactile sensations that the surgeon would experience in the operating room. The objective was to investigate the effect of adding haptic simulators to a proficiency-based laparoscopy training program. Methods A randomized controlled trial was designed where residents ( n  = 36) were randomized to proficiency-based laparoscopic simulator training using haptic or non-haptic simulators. Subsequently, participants from the haptic group completed a follow-up test, where they had to reach proficiency again using the non-haptic simulator. Participants from the non-haptic group returned to train until reaching proficiency again using the non-haptic simulator. Results Mean completion times during the intervention were 120 min (SD 38.7 min) and 183 min (SD 66.3 min) for the haptic group and the non-haptic group, respectively ( p  = 0.001). The mean times to proficiency during the follow-up test were 107 min (SD 41.0 min) and 58 min (SD 23.7 min) for the haptic and the non-haptic group, respectively ( p  &lt; 0.001). The haptic group was not faster to reach proficiency in the follow-up test than during the intervention ( p  = 0.22). In contrast, the non-haptic group reached the required proficiency level significantly faster in the follow-up test ( p  &lt; 0.001). Conclusion Haptic virtual reality simulators reduce the time to reach proficiency compared to non-haptic simulators. 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Most proficiency-based laparoscopic training programs have used non-haptic virtual reality simulators; however, haptic simulators can provide the tactile sensations that the surgeon would experience in the operating room. The objective was to investigate the effect of adding haptic simulators to a proficiency-based laparoscopy training program. Methods A randomized controlled trial was designed where residents ( n  = 36) were randomized to proficiency-based laparoscopic simulator training using haptic or non-haptic simulators. Subsequently, participants from the haptic group completed a follow-up test, where they had to reach proficiency again using the non-haptic simulator. Participants from the non-haptic group returned to train until reaching proficiency again using the non-haptic simulator. Results Mean completion times during the intervention were 120 min (SD 38.7 min) and 183 min (SD 66.3 min) for the haptic group and the non-haptic group, respectively ( p  = 0.001). The mean times to proficiency during the follow-up test were 107 min (SD 41.0 min) and 58 min (SD 23.7 min) for the haptic and the non-haptic group, respectively ( p  &lt; 0.001). The haptic group was not faster to reach proficiency in the follow-up test than during the intervention ( p  = 0.22). In contrast, the non-haptic group reached the required proficiency level significantly faster in the follow-up test ( p  &lt; 0.001). Conclusion Haptic virtual reality simulators reduce the time to reach proficiency compared to non-haptic simulators. 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Most proficiency-based laparoscopic training programs have used non-haptic virtual reality simulators; however, haptic simulators can provide the tactile sensations that the surgeon would experience in the operating room. The objective was to investigate the effect of adding haptic simulators to a proficiency-based laparoscopy training program. Methods A randomized controlled trial was designed where residents ( n  = 36) were randomized to proficiency-based laparoscopic simulator training using haptic or non-haptic simulators. Subsequently, participants from the haptic group completed a follow-up test, where they had to reach proficiency again using the non-haptic simulator. Participants from the non-haptic group returned to train until reaching proficiency again using the non-haptic simulator. Results Mean completion times during the intervention were 120 min (SD 38.7 min) and 183 min (SD 66.3 min) for the haptic group and the non-haptic group, respectively ( p  = 0.001). The mean times to proficiency during the follow-up test were 107 min (SD 41.0 min) and 58 min (SD 23.7 min) for the haptic and the non-haptic group, respectively ( p  &lt; 0.001). The haptic group was not faster to reach proficiency in the follow-up test than during the intervention ( p  = 0.22). In contrast, the non-haptic group reached the required proficiency level significantly faster in the follow-up test ( p  &lt; 0.001). Conclusion Haptic virtual reality simulators reduce the time to reach proficiency compared to non-haptic simulators. However, the acquired skills are not transferable to the conventional non-haptic setting.</abstract><cop>New York</cop><pub>Springer US</pub><pmid>35918547</pmid><doi>10.1007/s00464-022-09422-4</doi><tpages>9</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7498-5592</orcidid></addata></record>
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subjects Abdominal Surgery
Clinical Competence
Computer Simulation
Endoscopy
Feedback
Gastroenterology
Gynecology
Haptics
Hepatology
Hospitals
Humans
Laparoscopy
Laparoscopy - education
Learning
Medical education
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Original Article
Proctology
Simulation
Surgeons
Surgery
Training
User-Computer Interface
Virtual Reality
title Haptic simulators accelerate laparoscopic simulator training, but skills are not transferable to a non-haptic simulator: a randomized trial
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