Developmental cascades between insistence on sameness behaviour and anxiety symptoms in autism spectrum disorder

Autistic children experience high rates of anxiety. Insistence on sameness behaviour (IS) is a core feature of autism that appears correlated with anxiety severity. The objective of this study was to examine the longitudinal relations between anxiety and IS in autistic children using a developmental...

Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:
Bibliographische Detailangaben
Veröffentlicht in:European child & adolescent psychiatry 2023-11, Vol.32 (11), p.2109-2118
Hauptverfasser: Baribeau, Danielle A., Vigod, Simone N., Pullenayegum, Eleanor, Kerns, Connor M., Vaillancourt, Tracy, Duku, Eric, Smith, Isabel M., Volden, Joanne, Zwaigenbaum, Lonnie, Bennett, Teresa, Elsabbagh, Mayada, Zaidman-Zait, Anat, Richard, Annie E., Szatmari, Peter
Format: Artikel
Sprache:eng
Schlagworte:
Online-Zugang:Volltext
Tags: Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
container_end_page 2118
container_issue 11
container_start_page 2109
container_title European child & adolescent psychiatry
container_volume 32
creator Baribeau, Danielle A.
Vigod, Simone N.
Pullenayegum, Eleanor
Kerns, Connor M.
Vaillancourt, Tracy
Duku, Eric
Smith, Isabel M.
Volden, Joanne
Zwaigenbaum, Lonnie
Bennett, Teresa
Elsabbagh, Mayada
Zaidman-Zait, Anat
Richard, Annie E.
Szatmari, Peter
description Autistic children experience high rates of anxiety. Insistence on sameness behaviour (IS) is a core feature of autism that appears correlated with anxiety severity. The objective of this study was to examine the longitudinal relations between anxiety and IS in autistic children using a developmental cascade model. A longitudinal cohort of 421 autistic children was followed between 4 and 11 years of age. Anxiety was quantified using items from the Anxiety Problems subscale of the Child Behavior Checklist; sameness behaviours were measured using the Repetitive Behavior Scale-Revised, Ritualistic/sameness subscale (both parent-report measures). Structural equation modelling was used to examine the longitudinal and directional associations between anxiety and IS at four time-points, through cross-lagged panel models (CLPM) with and without a random-intercepts component (RI-CLPM). Both the CLPM and the RI-CLPM had good fit. Significant directional associations were detected whereby elevated or increasing IS preceded elevated or increasing anxiety symptoms 1–2 years later, respectively. Stable baseline tendencies towards anxiety and IS as between-person traits (intercepts) were strongly associated (standardized estimate = 0.69, p  
doi_str_mv 10.1007/s00787-022-02049-9
format Article
fullrecord <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2693771633</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2693771633</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c352t-bf2aedb79df2e73ff6ff69eeace77337d35fe3c51ed0953bd55542079a465ecb3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kUtr3DAUhU1JIZNp_kBWgm6ycaOHZVnLMH0FBrJJoDshS9eNB1t2deVp599HkwkUsgjch0DfOUicorhi9AujVN1gHo0qKee5aaVL_aFYsUrIktXy11k-U9aUTcPVeXGBuKOUSU35qpi_wh6GaR4hJDsQZ9FZD0haSH8BAukD9pggOCBTIGgzB3i8frL7floiscHn_tdDOhA8jHOaRswqYpfU40hwBpfiMhLf4xQ9xE_Fx84OCJeve108fv_2sPlZbu9_3G1ut6UTkqey7bgF3yrtOw5KdF2dSwNYB0oJobyQHQgnGXiqpWi9lLLiVGlb1RJcK9bF9cl3jtOfBTCZsUcHw2ADTAsaXmuhFKuFyOjnN-gu_yzk1xneKEVFxeWR4ifKxQkxQmfm2I82Hgyj5hiCOYVgcgjmJQSjs0icRJjh8Bvif-t3VM_aSo14</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2877034253</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Developmental cascades between insistence on sameness behaviour and anxiety symptoms in autism spectrum disorder</title><source>Applied Social Sciences Index &amp; Abstracts (ASSIA)</source><source>SpringerLink Journals</source><creator>Baribeau, Danielle A. ; Vigod, Simone N. ; Pullenayegum, Eleanor ; Kerns, Connor M. ; Vaillancourt, Tracy ; Duku, Eric ; Smith, Isabel M. ; Volden, Joanne ; Zwaigenbaum, Lonnie ; Bennett, Teresa ; Elsabbagh, Mayada ; Zaidman-Zait, Anat ; Richard, Annie E. ; Szatmari, Peter</creator><creatorcontrib>Baribeau, Danielle A. ; Vigod, Simone N. ; Pullenayegum, Eleanor ; Kerns, Connor M. ; Vaillancourt, Tracy ; Duku, Eric ; Smith, Isabel M. ; Volden, Joanne ; Zwaigenbaum, Lonnie ; Bennett, Teresa ; Elsabbagh, Mayada ; Zaidman-Zait, Anat ; Richard, Annie E. ; Szatmari, Peter</creatorcontrib><description>Autistic children experience high rates of anxiety. Insistence on sameness behaviour (IS) is a core feature of autism that appears correlated with anxiety severity. The objective of this study was to examine the longitudinal relations between anxiety and IS in autistic children using a developmental cascade model. A longitudinal cohort of 421 autistic children was followed between 4 and 11 years of age. Anxiety was quantified using items from the Anxiety Problems subscale of the Child Behavior Checklist; sameness behaviours were measured using the Repetitive Behavior Scale-Revised, Ritualistic/sameness subscale (both parent-report measures). Structural equation modelling was used to examine the longitudinal and directional associations between anxiety and IS at four time-points, through cross-lagged panel models (CLPM) with and without a random-intercepts component (RI-CLPM). Both the CLPM and the RI-CLPM had good fit. Significant directional associations were detected whereby elevated or increasing IS preceded elevated or increasing anxiety symptoms 1–2 years later, respectively. Stable baseline tendencies towards anxiety and IS as between-person traits (intercepts) were strongly associated (standardized estimate = 0.69, p  &lt; 0.001). The magnitude of the cross-sectional associations between anxiety and IS appeared to lessen with age. IS and anxiety symptoms in autism are closely related. They appear to be shared traits that mirror each other particularly in younger children. Increasing IS may be a sign of emerging future anxiety. Interventions that target IS to reduce or prevent anxiety amongst school-aged autistic children merit further study.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1018-8827</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1435-165X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00787-022-02049-9</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>Anxiety ; Autism ; Autistic children ; Behavior ; Child and Adolescent Psychiatry ; Child Behavior Checklist ; Children ; Measures ; Medicine ; Medicine &amp; Public Health ; Original Contribution ; Psychiatry ; Repetitive behaviour ; Structural equation modeling</subject><ispartof>European child &amp; adolescent psychiatry, 2023-11, Vol.32 (11), p.2109-2118</ispartof><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany 2022</rights><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany 2022.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c352t-bf2aedb79df2e73ff6ff69eeace77337d35fe3c51ed0953bd55542079a465ecb3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c352t-bf2aedb79df2e73ff6ff69eeace77337d35fe3c51ed0953bd55542079a465ecb3</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-4461-5851</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00787-022-02049-9$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00787-022-02049-9$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,12825,27901,27902,30976,41464,42533,51294</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Baribeau, Danielle A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vigod, Simone N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pullenayegum, Eleanor</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kerns, Connor M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vaillancourt, Tracy</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Duku, Eric</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Smith, Isabel M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Volden, Joanne</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zwaigenbaum, Lonnie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bennett, Teresa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Elsabbagh, Mayada</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zaidman-Zait, Anat</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Richard, Annie E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Szatmari, Peter</creatorcontrib><title>Developmental cascades between insistence on sameness behaviour and anxiety symptoms in autism spectrum disorder</title><title>European child &amp; adolescent psychiatry</title><addtitle>Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry</addtitle><description>Autistic children experience high rates of anxiety. Insistence on sameness behaviour (IS) is a core feature of autism that appears correlated with anxiety severity. The objective of this study was to examine the longitudinal relations between anxiety and IS in autistic children using a developmental cascade model. A longitudinal cohort of 421 autistic children was followed between 4 and 11 years of age. Anxiety was quantified using items from the Anxiety Problems subscale of the Child Behavior Checklist; sameness behaviours were measured using the Repetitive Behavior Scale-Revised, Ritualistic/sameness subscale (both parent-report measures). Structural equation modelling was used to examine the longitudinal and directional associations between anxiety and IS at four time-points, through cross-lagged panel models (CLPM) with and without a random-intercepts component (RI-CLPM). Both the CLPM and the RI-CLPM had good fit. Significant directional associations were detected whereby elevated or increasing IS preceded elevated or increasing anxiety symptoms 1–2 years later, respectively. Stable baseline tendencies towards anxiety and IS as between-person traits (intercepts) were strongly associated (standardized estimate = 0.69, p  &lt; 0.001). The magnitude of the cross-sectional associations between anxiety and IS appeared to lessen with age. IS and anxiety symptoms in autism are closely related. They appear to be shared traits that mirror each other particularly in younger children. Increasing IS may be a sign of emerging future anxiety. Interventions that target IS to reduce or prevent anxiety amongst school-aged autistic children merit further study.</description><subject>Anxiety</subject><subject>Autism</subject><subject>Autistic children</subject><subject>Behavior</subject><subject>Child and Adolescent Psychiatry</subject><subject>Child Behavior Checklist</subject><subject>Children</subject><subject>Measures</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine &amp; Public Health</subject><subject>Original Contribution</subject><subject>Psychiatry</subject><subject>Repetitive behaviour</subject><subject>Structural equation modeling</subject><issn>1018-8827</issn><issn>1435-165X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>7QJ</sourceid><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kUtr3DAUhU1JIZNp_kBWgm6ycaOHZVnLMH0FBrJJoDshS9eNB1t2deVp599HkwkUsgjch0DfOUicorhi9AujVN1gHo0qKee5aaVL_aFYsUrIktXy11k-U9aUTcPVeXGBuKOUSU35qpi_wh6GaR4hJDsQZ9FZD0haSH8BAukD9pggOCBTIGgzB3i8frL7floiscHn_tdDOhA8jHOaRswqYpfU40hwBpfiMhLf4xQ9xE_Fx84OCJeve108fv_2sPlZbu9_3G1ut6UTkqey7bgF3yrtOw5KdF2dSwNYB0oJobyQHQgnGXiqpWi9lLLiVGlb1RJcK9bF9cl3jtOfBTCZsUcHw2ADTAsaXmuhFKuFyOjnN-gu_yzk1xneKEVFxeWR4ifKxQkxQmfm2I82Hgyj5hiCOYVgcgjmJQSjs0icRJjh8Bvif-t3VM_aSo14</recordid><startdate>20231101</startdate><enddate>20231101</enddate><creator>Baribeau, Danielle A.</creator><creator>Vigod, Simone N.</creator><creator>Pullenayegum, Eleanor</creator><creator>Kerns, Connor M.</creator><creator>Vaillancourt, Tracy</creator><creator>Duku, Eric</creator><creator>Smith, Isabel M.</creator><creator>Volden, Joanne</creator><creator>Zwaigenbaum, Lonnie</creator><creator>Bennett, Teresa</creator><creator>Elsabbagh, Mayada</creator><creator>Zaidman-Zait, Anat</creator><creator>Richard, Annie E.</creator><creator>Szatmari, Peter</creator><general>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>0-V</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QJ</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88G</scope><scope>88J</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ALSLI</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>HEHIP</scope><scope>K9-</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>M0R</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2M</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>M2R</scope><scope>M2S</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PSYQQ</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4461-5851</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20231101</creationdate><title>Developmental cascades between insistence on sameness behaviour and anxiety symptoms in autism spectrum disorder</title><author>Baribeau, Danielle A. ; Vigod, Simone N. ; Pullenayegum, Eleanor ; Kerns, Connor M. ; Vaillancourt, Tracy ; Duku, Eric ; Smith, Isabel M. ; Volden, Joanne ; Zwaigenbaum, Lonnie ; Bennett, Teresa ; Elsabbagh, Mayada ; Zaidman-Zait, Anat ; Richard, Annie E. ; Szatmari, Peter</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c352t-bf2aedb79df2e73ff6ff69eeace77337d35fe3c51ed0953bd55542079a465ecb3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>Anxiety</topic><topic>Autism</topic><topic>Autistic children</topic><topic>Behavior</topic><topic>Child and Adolescent Psychiatry</topic><topic>Child Behavior Checklist</topic><topic>Children</topic><topic>Measures</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Medicine &amp; Public Health</topic><topic>Original Contribution</topic><topic>Psychiatry</topic><topic>Repetitive behaviour</topic><topic>Structural equation modeling</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Baribeau, Danielle A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vigod, Simone N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pullenayegum, Eleanor</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kerns, Connor M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vaillancourt, Tracy</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Duku, Eric</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Smith, Isabel M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Volden, Joanne</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zwaigenbaum, Lonnie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bennett, Teresa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Elsabbagh, Mayada</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zaidman-Zait, Anat</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Richard, Annie E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Szatmari, Peter</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Social Sciences Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Applied Social Sciences Index &amp; Abstracts (ASSIA)</collection><collection>Nursing &amp; Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Health &amp; Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Psychology Database (Alumni)</collection><collection>Social Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Research Library (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Social Science Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Research Library Prep</collection><collection>Sociology Collection</collection><collection>Consumer Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health &amp; Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing &amp; Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Consumer Health Database</collection><collection>Health &amp; Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Psychology Database</collection><collection>Research Library</collection><collection>Social Science Database</collection><collection>Sociology Database</collection><collection>Research Library (Corporate)</collection><collection>Nursing &amp; Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest One Psychology</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>European child &amp; adolescent psychiatry</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Baribeau, Danielle A.</au><au>Vigod, Simone N.</au><au>Pullenayegum, Eleanor</au><au>Kerns, Connor M.</au><au>Vaillancourt, Tracy</au><au>Duku, Eric</au><au>Smith, Isabel M.</au><au>Volden, Joanne</au><au>Zwaigenbaum, Lonnie</au><au>Bennett, Teresa</au><au>Elsabbagh, Mayada</au><au>Zaidman-Zait, Anat</au><au>Richard, Annie E.</au><au>Szatmari, Peter</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Developmental cascades between insistence on sameness behaviour and anxiety symptoms in autism spectrum disorder</atitle><jtitle>European child &amp; adolescent psychiatry</jtitle><stitle>Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry</stitle><date>2023-11-01</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>32</volume><issue>11</issue><spage>2109</spage><epage>2118</epage><pages>2109-2118</pages><issn>1018-8827</issn><eissn>1435-165X</eissn><abstract>Autistic children experience high rates of anxiety. Insistence on sameness behaviour (IS) is a core feature of autism that appears correlated with anxiety severity. The objective of this study was to examine the longitudinal relations between anxiety and IS in autistic children using a developmental cascade model. A longitudinal cohort of 421 autistic children was followed between 4 and 11 years of age. Anxiety was quantified using items from the Anxiety Problems subscale of the Child Behavior Checklist; sameness behaviours were measured using the Repetitive Behavior Scale-Revised, Ritualistic/sameness subscale (both parent-report measures). Structural equation modelling was used to examine the longitudinal and directional associations between anxiety and IS at four time-points, through cross-lagged panel models (CLPM) with and without a random-intercepts component (RI-CLPM). Both the CLPM and the RI-CLPM had good fit. Significant directional associations were detected whereby elevated or increasing IS preceded elevated or increasing anxiety symptoms 1–2 years later, respectively. Stable baseline tendencies towards anxiety and IS as between-person traits (intercepts) were strongly associated (standardized estimate = 0.69, p  &lt; 0.001). The magnitude of the cross-sectional associations between anxiety and IS appeared to lessen with age. IS and anxiety symptoms in autism are closely related. They appear to be shared traits that mirror each other particularly in younger children. Increasing IS may be a sign of emerging future anxiety. Interventions that target IS to reduce or prevent anxiety amongst school-aged autistic children merit further study.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><doi>10.1007/s00787-022-02049-9</doi><tpages>10</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4461-5851</orcidid></addata></record>
fulltext fulltext
identifier ISSN: 1018-8827
ispartof European child & adolescent psychiatry, 2023-11, Vol.32 (11), p.2109-2118
issn 1018-8827
1435-165X
language eng
recordid cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2693771633
source Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA); SpringerLink Journals
subjects Anxiety
Autism
Autistic children
Behavior
Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
Child Behavior Checklist
Children
Measures
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Original Contribution
Psychiatry
Repetitive behaviour
Structural equation modeling
title Developmental cascades between insistence on sameness behaviour and anxiety symptoms in autism spectrum disorder
url https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-02-04T10%3A21%3A12IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Developmental%20cascades%20between%20insistence%20on%20sameness%20behaviour%20and%20anxiety%20symptoms%20in%20autism%20spectrum%20disorder&rft.jtitle=European%20child%20&%20adolescent%20psychiatry&rft.au=Baribeau,%20Danielle%20A.&rft.date=2023-11-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=2109&rft.epage=2118&rft.pages=2109-2118&rft.issn=1018-8827&rft.eissn=1435-165X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007/s00787-022-02049-9&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E2693771633%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2877034253&rft_id=info:pmid/&rfr_iscdi=true