Epidemiologic profile of hard ticks and molecular characterization of Rhipicephalus microplus infesting cattle in central part of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Tick infestation is a major public and animal health concern causing significant financial losses, especially in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. This study aimed at investigating the epidemiologic profile of ticks infesting cattle and molecular identification of R. microplus in the ce...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Parasitology research (1987) 2022-09, Vol.121 (9), p.2481-2493 |
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| creator | Sultan, Samia Zeb, Jehan Ayaz, Sultan Rehman, Sadeeq Ur khan, Sanaullah Hussain, Mubashir Senbill, Haytham Husain, Sabir Sparagano, Olivier Andre |
| description | Tick infestation is a major public and animal health concern causing significant financial losses, especially in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. This study aimed at investigating the epidemiologic profile of ticks infesting cattle and molecular identification of
R. microplus
in the centrally ignored part of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A total of 600 cattle from 20 farms were examined for the tick infestation, among them 358 (59.7%) cattle were infested with ticks. A total of 2118 nymph, larvae and adult tick stages were collected and morphologically identified followed by molecular confirmation of
Rhipicephalus microplus
. Host-based demographic and ecological parameter analysis revealed significantly higher tick infestation in adult, female, exotic, freely grazing, and with irregular/no acaricides treated cattle. The univariate logistic analysis showed that host age, gender, breed, acaricides use, and feeding method were significantly (
P
|
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s00436-022-07596-3 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>gale_proqu</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2691047012</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><galeid>A714043901</galeid><sourcerecordid>A714043901</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c321t-7a8b7f50ee7909c80d631729bb056cbc80ba9d32fd6963d967963b9beea1845a3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9UU2L1TAULaLgc_QPuAq4cWHHm6RNXpbDMH7ggCK6Drdp-pp5bVKTFBl_jL_V1AqCC8ni3pucczk5p6qeU7ikAPJ1Ami4qIGxGmSrRM0fVAfacFZT1bYPqwOo0gOl_HH1JKU7ACpF0xyqnzeL6-3swhROzpAlhsFNloSBjBh7kp05J4K-J3OYrFknjMSUFzTZRvcDswt-A38e3eKMXUac1kRmZ2JYts75wabs_IkYzLksdp4Y63PEiSwY88b9MN53NpJPeB7z6s_jd3y1DS5l9E-rRwNOyT77Uy-qr29uvly_q28_vn1_fXVbG85oriUeOzm0YK1UoMwResGpZKrroBWmKxcdqp6zoRdK8F4JWUqnOmuRHpsW-UX1ct9bDPi2Fsl6dsnYaUJvw5o0E4pCI4GyAn3xD_QurNEXdZpJYI2SnIuCutxRJ5ysLjaE8mdTzma2Cd5uNusrSZsSnAJaCGwnFOtSinbQS3QzxntNQW8Z6z1jXTLWvzPWvJD4TkoF7E82_tXyH9Yv1LGsag</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2702497336</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Epidemiologic profile of hard ticks and molecular characterization of Rhipicephalus microplus infesting cattle in central part of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan</title><source>SpringerLink Journals</source><creator>Sultan, Samia ; Zeb, Jehan ; Ayaz, Sultan ; Rehman, Sadeeq Ur ; khan, Sanaullah ; Hussain, Mubashir ; Senbill, Haytham ; Husain, Sabir ; Sparagano, Olivier Andre</creator><creatorcontrib>Sultan, Samia ; Zeb, Jehan ; Ayaz, Sultan ; Rehman, Sadeeq Ur ; khan, Sanaullah ; Hussain, Mubashir ; Senbill, Haytham ; Husain, Sabir ; Sparagano, Olivier Andre</creatorcontrib><description>Tick infestation is a major public and animal health concern causing significant financial losses, especially in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. This study aimed at investigating the epidemiologic profile of ticks infesting cattle and molecular identification of
R. microplus
in the centrally ignored part of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A total of 600 cattle from 20 farms were examined for the tick infestation, among them 358 (59.7%) cattle were infested with ticks. A total of 2118 nymph, larvae and adult tick stages were collected and morphologically identified followed by molecular confirmation of
Rhipicephalus microplus
. Host-based demographic and ecological parameter analysis revealed significantly higher tick infestation in adult, female, exotic, freely grazing, and with irregular/no acaricides treated cattle. The univariate logistic analysis showed that host age, gender, breed, acaricides use, and feeding method were significantly (
P
< 0.05) associated, whereas multivariate analysis revealed only host breed and feeding method were potential risk factors (
P
< 0.05) for tick infestation. Microscopy-based examination identified four different species of ticks including
R. microplus
(44.5%),
Hyalomma anatolicum
(38.5%), and
Hyalomma marginatum
(10.5%) and
Hyalomma excavatum
(6.5%). Tick infestation pattern showed that 55.9% of cattle was found co-infested with
R. microplus
and
H. anatolicum
followed by
R. microplus
and
H. anatolicum
and
H. marginatum
(29.3%) then
R. microplus
,
H. anatolicum
,
H. marginatum
, and
H. excavatum
(11.2%). Sequencing of the second internal transcribed spacer (ITS2-) and
16S rRNA
gene fragments also confirmed the molecular identification of
Rhipicephalus microplus
. Phylogenetic analysis of ITS-2 revealed all sequences clustered in single clade of the
R. microplus
while the 16S rRNA nucleotide sequences showed that
R. microplus
in this study was clustered together in clade A along with other isolates from Pakistan, China, and India. The high tick infestation suggests the need for designing strategic and integrated control measures for ticks in order to ensure good health of domestic animals in this region of Pakistan.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0932-0113</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1432-1955</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00436-022-07596-3</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>Acaricides ; Analysis ; Arachnids ; Arthropods and Medical Entomology - Original Paper ; Biomedical and Life Sciences ; Biomedicine ; Cattle ; Domestic animals ; Epidemiology ; Farms ; Immunology ; Infestation ; Integrated control ; Livestock industry ; Medical Microbiology ; Microbiology ; Multivariate analysis ; Phylogeny ; Rhipicephalus microplus ; Risk factors ; rRNA 16S</subject><ispartof>Parasitology research (1987), 2022-09, Vol.121 (9), p.2481-2493</ispartof><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2022</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2022 Springer</rights><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2022.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c321t-7a8b7f50ee7909c80d631729bb056cbc80ba9d32fd6963d967963b9beea1845a3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c321t-7a8b7f50ee7909c80d631729bb056cbc80ba9d32fd6963d967963b9beea1845a3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00436-022-07596-3$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00436-022-07596-3$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902,41464,42533,51294</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Sultan, Samia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zeb, Jehan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ayaz, Sultan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rehman, Sadeeq Ur</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>khan, Sanaullah</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hussain, Mubashir</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Senbill, Haytham</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Husain, Sabir</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sparagano, Olivier Andre</creatorcontrib><title>Epidemiologic profile of hard ticks and molecular characterization of Rhipicephalus microplus infesting cattle in central part of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan</title><title>Parasitology research (1987)</title><addtitle>Parasitol Res</addtitle><description>Tick infestation is a major public and animal health concern causing significant financial losses, especially in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. This study aimed at investigating the epidemiologic profile of ticks infesting cattle and molecular identification of
R. microplus
in the centrally ignored part of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A total of 600 cattle from 20 farms were examined for the tick infestation, among them 358 (59.7%) cattle were infested with ticks. A total of 2118 nymph, larvae and adult tick stages were collected and morphologically identified followed by molecular confirmation of
Rhipicephalus microplus
. Host-based demographic and ecological parameter analysis revealed significantly higher tick infestation in adult, female, exotic, freely grazing, and with irregular/no acaricides treated cattle. The univariate logistic analysis showed that host age, gender, breed, acaricides use, and feeding method were significantly (
P
< 0.05) associated, whereas multivariate analysis revealed only host breed and feeding method were potential risk factors (
P
< 0.05) for tick infestation. Microscopy-based examination identified four different species of ticks including
R. microplus
(44.5%),
Hyalomma anatolicum
(38.5%), and
Hyalomma marginatum
(10.5%) and
Hyalomma excavatum
(6.5%). Tick infestation pattern showed that 55.9% of cattle was found co-infested with
R. microplus
and
H. anatolicum
followed by
R. microplus
and
H. anatolicum
and
H. marginatum
(29.3%) then
R. microplus
,
H. anatolicum
,
H. marginatum
, and
H. excavatum
(11.2%). Sequencing of the second internal transcribed spacer (ITS2-) and
16S rRNA
gene fragments also confirmed the molecular identification of
Rhipicephalus microplus
. Phylogenetic analysis of ITS-2 revealed all sequences clustered in single clade of the
R. microplus
while the 16S rRNA nucleotide sequences showed that
R. microplus
in this study was clustered together in clade A along with other isolates from Pakistan, China, and India. The high tick infestation suggests the need for designing strategic and integrated control measures for ticks in order to ensure good health of domestic animals in this region of Pakistan.</description><subject>Acaricides</subject><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Arachnids</subject><subject>Arthropods and Medical Entomology - Original Paper</subject><subject>Biomedical and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Biomedicine</subject><subject>Cattle</subject><subject>Domestic animals</subject><subject>Epidemiology</subject><subject>Farms</subject><subject>Immunology</subject><subject>Infestation</subject><subject>Integrated control</subject><subject>Livestock industry</subject><subject>Medical Microbiology</subject><subject>Microbiology</subject><subject>Multivariate analysis</subject><subject>Phylogeny</subject><subject>Rhipicephalus microplus</subject><subject>Risk factors</subject><subject>rRNA 16S</subject><issn>0932-0113</issn><issn>1432-1955</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9UU2L1TAULaLgc_QPuAq4cWHHm6RNXpbDMH7ggCK6Drdp-pp5bVKTFBl_jL_V1AqCC8ni3pucczk5p6qeU7ikAPJ1Ami4qIGxGmSrRM0fVAfacFZT1bYPqwOo0gOl_HH1JKU7ACpF0xyqnzeL6-3swhROzpAlhsFNloSBjBh7kp05J4K-J3OYrFknjMSUFzTZRvcDswt-A38e3eKMXUac1kRmZ2JYts75wabs_IkYzLksdp4Y63PEiSwY88b9MN53NpJPeB7z6s_jd3y1DS5l9E-rRwNOyT77Uy-qr29uvly_q28_vn1_fXVbG85oriUeOzm0YK1UoMwResGpZKrroBWmKxcdqp6zoRdK8F4JWUqnOmuRHpsW-UX1ct9bDPi2Fsl6dsnYaUJvw5o0E4pCI4GyAn3xD_QurNEXdZpJYI2SnIuCutxRJ5ysLjaE8mdTzma2Cd5uNusrSZsSnAJaCGwnFOtSinbQS3QzxntNQW8Z6z1jXTLWvzPWvJD4TkoF7E82_tXyH9Yv1LGsag</recordid><startdate>20220901</startdate><enddate>20220901</enddate><creator>Sultan, Samia</creator><creator>Zeb, Jehan</creator><creator>Ayaz, Sultan</creator><creator>Rehman, Sadeeq Ur</creator><creator>khan, Sanaullah</creator><creator>Hussain, Mubashir</creator><creator>Senbill, Haytham</creator><creator>Husain, Sabir</creator><creator>Sparagano, Olivier Andre</creator><general>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</general><general>Springer</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20220901</creationdate><title>Epidemiologic profile of hard ticks and molecular characterization of Rhipicephalus microplus infesting cattle in central part of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan</title><author>Sultan, Samia ; Zeb, Jehan ; Ayaz, Sultan ; Rehman, Sadeeq Ur ; khan, Sanaullah ; Hussain, Mubashir ; Senbill, Haytham ; Husain, Sabir ; Sparagano, Olivier Andre</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c321t-7a8b7f50ee7909c80d631729bb056cbc80ba9d32fd6963d967963b9beea1845a3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Acaricides</topic><topic>Analysis</topic><topic>Arachnids</topic><topic>Arthropods and Medical Entomology - Original Paper</topic><topic>Biomedical and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Biomedicine</topic><topic>Cattle</topic><topic>Domestic animals</topic><topic>Epidemiology</topic><topic>Farms</topic><topic>Immunology</topic><topic>Infestation</topic><topic>Integrated control</topic><topic>Livestock industry</topic><topic>Medical Microbiology</topic><topic>Microbiology</topic><topic>Multivariate analysis</topic><topic>Phylogeny</topic><topic>Rhipicephalus microplus</topic><topic>Risk factors</topic><topic>rRNA 16S</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Sultan, Samia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zeb, Jehan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ayaz, Sultan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rehman, Sadeeq Ur</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>khan, Sanaullah</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hussain, Mubashir</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Senbill, Haytham</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Husain, Sabir</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sparagano, Olivier Andre</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Parasitology research (1987)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Sultan, Samia</au><au>Zeb, Jehan</au><au>Ayaz, Sultan</au><au>Rehman, Sadeeq Ur</au><au>khan, Sanaullah</au><au>Hussain, Mubashir</au><au>Senbill, Haytham</au><au>Husain, Sabir</au><au>Sparagano, Olivier Andre</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Epidemiologic profile of hard ticks and molecular characterization of Rhipicephalus microplus infesting cattle in central part of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan</atitle><jtitle>Parasitology research (1987)</jtitle><stitle>Parasitol Res</stitle><date>2022-09-01</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>121</volume><issue>9</issue><spage>2481</spage><epage>2493</epage><pages>2481-2493</pages><issn>0932-0113</issn><eissn>1432-1955</eissn><abstract>Tick infestation is a major public and animal health concern causing significant financial losses, especially in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. This study aimed at investigating the epidemiologic profile of ticks infesting cattle and molecular identification of
R. microplus
in the centrally ignored part of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A total of 600 cattle from 20 farms were examined for the tick infestation, among them 358 (59.7%) cattle were infested with ticks. A total of 2118 nymph, larvae and adult tick stages were collected and morphologically identified followed by molecular confirmation of
Rhipicephalus microplus
. Host-based demographic and ecological parameter analysis revealed significantly higher tick infestation in adult, female, exotic, freely grazing, and with irregular/no acaricides treated cattle. The univariate logistic analysis showed that host age, gender, breed, acaricides use, and feeding method were significantly (
P
< 0.05) associated, whereas multivariate analysis revealed only host breed and feeding method were potential risk factors (
P
< 0.05) for tick infestation. Microscopy-based examination identified four different species of ticks including
R. microplus
(44.5%),
Hyalomma anatolicum
(38.5%), and
Hyalomma marginatum
(10.5%) and
Hyalomma excavatum
(6.5%). Tick infestation pattern showed that 55.9% of cattle was found co-infested with
R. microplus
and
H. anatolicum
followed by
R. microplus
and
H. anatolicum
and
H. marginatum
(29.3%) then
R. microplus
,
H. anatolicum
,
H. marginatum
, and
H. excavatum
(11.2%). Sequencing of the second internal transcribed spacer (ITS2-) and
16S rRNA
gene fragments also confirmed the molecular identification of
Rhipicephalus microplus
. Phylogenetic analysis of ITS-2 revealed all sequences clustered in single clade of the
R. microplus
while the 16S rRNA nucleotide sequences showed that
R. microplus
in this study was clustered together in clade A along with other isolates from Pakistan, China, and India. The high tick infestation suggests the need for designing strategic and integrated control measures for ticks in order to ensure good health of domestic animals in this region of Pakistan.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><doi>10.1007/s00436-022-07596-3</doi><tpages>13</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0932-0113 |
| ispartof | Parasitology research (1987), 2022-09, Vol.121 (9), p.2481-2493 |
| issn | 0932-0113 1432-1955 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2691047012 |
| source | SpringerLink Journals |
| subjects | Acaricides Analysis Arachnids Arthropods and Medical Entomology - Original Paper Biomedical and Life Sciences Biomedicine Cattle Domestic animals Epidemiology Farms Immunology Infestation Integrated control Livestock industry Medical Microbiology Microbiology Multivariate analysis Phylogeny Rhipicephalus microplus Risk factors rRNA 16S |
| title | Epidemiologic profile of hard ticks and molecular characterization of Rhipicephalus microplus infesting cattle in central part of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan |
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