Aging of the Neck Decoded: New Insights for Minimally Invasive Treatments
Background Many signs of aging manifest in the neck region, including platysmal bands, excess skin, horizontal neck lines and decreasing contour of the neck. While the clinical signs of an aged neck are well-known, data determining the underlying aging process are limited. Objective To decode aging...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Aesthetic plastic surgery 2022-08, Vol.46 (4), p.1698-1705 |
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| creator | Engerer, Nina Frank, Konstantin Moellhoff, Nicholas Alfertshofer, Michael Giunta, Riccardo E. Green, Jeremy B. Lorenc, Paul Z. Chaney, Grace K. Ehrl, Denis Cotofana, Sebastian |
| description | Background
Many signs of aging manifest in the neck region, including platysmal bands, excess skin, horizontal neck lines and decreasing contour of the neck. While the clinical signs of an aged neck are well-known, data determining the underlying aging process are limited.
Objective
To decode aging of the neck.
Materials and Methods
This prospective study investigated elasticity and firmness of skin, muscle activity and skin displacement upon muscular contraction in the neck in 77 young-, middle- and old-age individuals. Objective outcome measures, including 3-dimensional imaging, cutometry and surface electromyography, were utilized for all assessments.
Results
Mean firmness of skin decreased significantly from young to old individuals (0.37 ± 0.13 mm, 0.30 ± 0.12 mm and 0.26 ± 0.12 mm in young, middle and old subjects, respectively;
p |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s00266-022-02961-0 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2676923059</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2676923059</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c424t-99849a5854c0e9be74232dbf029386c471bbcd42be1c1dbce4cb187f9c6d4f663</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kD1PwzAQhi0EoqXwBxhQJBaWwNlx7JitKl-V-FiKxGYlzqVNSZNiJ0X99xhaQGJgsCzbz73newg5pnBOAeSFA2BChMCYX0rQEHZIn_KIhTHjdJf0IRI8ZFS89MiBc3MAyqTk-6QXxRJorHifjIfTsp4GTRG0Mwwe0bwGV2iaHPNLf3oPxrUrp7PWBUVjg4eyLhdpVa399Sp15QqDicW0XWDdukOyV6SVw6PtPiDPN9eT0V14_3Q7Hg3vQ8MZb0OlEq7SOIm5AVQZSs4ilmeFnyBKhOGSZpnJOcuQGppnBrnJaCILZUTOCyGiATnb5C5t89aha_WidAarKq2x6ZxmQgrFIoiVR0__oPOms7X_nWaSJgCx8LoGhG0oYxvnLBZ6af2Ydq0p6E_ReiNae9H6S7QGX3Syje6yBeY_Jd9mPRBtAOef6ina397_xH4AcjyHAg</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2718005614</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Aging of the Neck Decoded: New Insights for Minimally Invasive Treatments</title><source>SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings</source><creator>Engerer, Nina ; Frank, Konstantin ; Moellhoff, Nicholas ; Alfertshofer, Michael ; Giunta, Riccardo E. ; Green, Jeremy B. ; Lorenc, Paul Z. ; Chaney, Grace K. ; Ehrl, Denis ; Cotofana, Sebastian</creator><creatorcontrib>Engerer, Nina ; Frank, Konstantin ; Moellhoff, Nicholas ; Alfertshofer, Michael ; Giunta, Riccardo E. ; Green, Jeremy B. ; Lorenc, Paul Z. ; Chaney, Grace K. ; Ehrl, Denis ; Cotofana, Sebastian</creatorcontrib><description>Background
Many signs of aging manifest in the neck region, including platysmal bands, excess skin, horizontal neck lines and decreasing contour of the neck. While the clinical signs of an aged neck are well-known, data determining the underlying aging process are limited.
Objective
To decode aging of the neck.
Materials and Methods
This prospective study investigated elasticity and firmness of skin, muscle activity and skin displacement upon muscular contraction in the neck in 77 young-, middle- and old-age individuals. Objective outcome measures, including 3-dimensional imaging, cutometry and surface electromyography, were utilized for all assessments.
Results
Mean firmness of skin decreased significantly from young to old individuals (0.37 ± 0.13 mm, 0.30 ± 0.12 mm and 0.26 ± 0.12 mm in young, middle and old subjects, respectively;
p
< 0.001). Gross elasticity decreased significantly from 75.1 ± 13.0% in young subjects, to 64.53 ± 15.7% in middle-aged subjects and 55.79 ± 13.0% in old subjects (
p
< 0.001). The mean
y
-axis skin displacement increased from 2.48 ± 4.33 mm in young subjects, to 3.11 ± 4.49 mm in middle-aged subjects and 3.61 ± 5.38 mm in old subjects (
p
= 0.006). The mean signal-to-noise ratio decreased significantly from 16.74 ± 5.77 µV in young subjects, to 14.41 ± 4.86 µV in middle-aged subjects and to 12.23 ± 5.99 µV in old subjects (
p
< 0.001).
Conclusion
This study provides insights into the interplay between skin elasticity, muscular activity and the reflected movement of the skin of the neck. Appreciation of these age-related changes lays the fundament for aesthetic treatments in this delicate region.
Level of Evidence IV
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors
www.springer.com/00266
.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0364-216X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1432-5241</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00266-022-02961-0</identifier><identifier>PMID: 35701594</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York: Springer US</publisher><subject>Aging ; Electromyography ; Medicine ; Medicine & Public Health ; Middle age ; Muscle function ; Original Article ; Otorhinolaryngology ; Plastic Surgery ; Skin ; Surgery</subject><ispartof>Aesthetic plastic surgery, 2022-08, Vol.46 (4), p.1698-1705</ispartof><rights>Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature and International Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery 2022</rights><rights>2022. Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature and International Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery.</rights><rights>Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature and International Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery 2022.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c424t-99849a5854c0e9be74232dbf029386c471bbcd42be1c1dbce4cb187f9c6d4f663</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c424t-99849a5854c0e9be74232dbf029386c471bbcd42be1c1dbce4cb187f9c6d4f663</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-6994-8877</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00266-022-02961-0$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00266-022-02961-0$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>315,781,785,27926,27927,41490,42559,51321</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35701594$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Engerer, Nina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Frank, Konstantin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Moellhoff, Nicholas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alfertshofer, Michael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Giunta, Riccardo E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Green, Jeremy B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lorenc, Paul Z.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chaney, Grace K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ehrl, Denis</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cotofana, Sebastian</creatorcontrib><title>Aging of the Neck Decoded: New Insights for Minimally Invasive Treatments</title><title>Aesthetic plastic surgery</title><addtitle>Aesth Plast Surg</addtitle><addtitle>Aesthetic Plast Surg</addtitle><description>Background
Many signs of aging manifest in the neck region, including platysmal bands, excess skin, horizontal neck lines and decreasing contour of the neck. While the clinical signs of an aged neck are well-known, data determining the underlying aging process are limited.
Objective
To decode aging of the neck.
Materials and Methods
This prospective study investigated elasticity and firmness of skin, muscle activity and skin displacement upon muscular contraction in the neck in 77 young-, middle- and old-age individuals. Objective outcome measures, including 3-dimensional imaging, cutometry and surface electromyography, were utilized for all assessments.
Results
Mean firmness of skin decreased significantly from young to old individuals (0.37 ± 0.13 mm, 0.30 ± 0.12 mm and 0.26 ± 0.12 mm in young, middle and old subjects, respectively;
p
< 0.001). Gross elasticity decreased significantly from 75.1 ± 13.0% in young subjects, to 64.53 ± 15.7% in middle-aged subjects and 55.79 ± 13.0% in old subjects (
p
< 0.001). The mean
y
-axis skin displacement increased from 2.48 ± 4.33 mm in young subjects, to 3.11 ± 4.49 mm in middle-aged subjects and 3.61 ± 5.38 mm in old subjects (
p
= 0.006). The mean signal-to-noise ratio decreased significantly from 16.74 ± 5.77 µV in young subjects, to 14.41 ± 4.86 µV in middle-aged subjects and to 12.23 ± 5.99 µV in old subjects (
p
< 0.001).
Conclusion
This study provides insights into the interplay between skin elasticity, muscular activity and the reflected movement of the skin of the neck. Appreciation of these age-related changes lays the fundament for aesthetic treatments in this delicate region.
Level of Evidence IV
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors
www.springer.com/00266
.</description><subject>Aging</subject><subject>Electromyography</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine & Public Health</subject><subject>Middle age</subject><subject>Muscle function</subject><subject>Original Article</subject><subject>Otorhinolaryngology</subject><subject>Plastic Surgery</subject><subject>Skin</subject><subject>Surgery</subject><issn>0364-216X</issn><issn>1432-5241</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kD1PwzAQhi0EoqXwBxhQJBaWwNlx7JitKl-V-FiKxGYlzqVNSZNiJ0X99xhaQGJgsCzbz73newg5pnBOAeSFA2BChMCYX0rQEHZIn_KIhTHjdJf0IRI8ZFS89MiBc3MAyqTk-6QXxRJorHifjIfTsp4GTRG0Mwwe0bwGV2iaHPNLf3oPxrUrp7PWBUVjg4eyLhdpVa399Sp15QqDicW0XWDdukOyV6SVw6PtPiDPN9eT0V14_3Q7Hg3vQ8MZb0OlEq7SOIm5AVQZSs4ilmeFnyBKhOGSZpnJOcuQGppnBrnJaCILZUTOCyGiATnb5C5t89aha_WidAarKq2x6ZxmQgrFIoiVR0__oPOms7X_nWaSJgCx8LoGhG0oYxvnLBZ6af2Ydq0p6E_ReiNae9H6S7QGX3Syje6yBeY_Jd9mPRBtAOef6ina397_xH4AcjyHAg</recordid><startdate>20220801</startdate><enddate>20220801</enddate><creator>Engerer, Nina</creator><creator>Frank, Konstantin</creator><creator>Moellhoff, Nicholas</creator><creator>Alfertshofer, Michael</creator><creator>Giunta, Riccardo E.</creator><creator>Green, Jeremy B.</creator><creator>Lorenc, Paul Z.</creator><creator>Chaney, Grace K.</creator><creator>Ehrl, Denis</creator><creator>Cotofana, Sebastian</creator><general>Springer US</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6994-8877</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20220801</creationdate><title>Aging of the Neck Decoded: New Insights for Minimally Invasive Treatments</title><author>Engerer, Nina ; Frank, Konstantin ; Moellhoff, Nicholas ; Alfertshofer, Michael ; Giunta, Riccardo E. ; Green, Jeremy B. ; Lorenc, Paul Z. ; Chaney, Grace K. ; Ehrl, Denis ; Cotofana, Sebastian</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c424t-99849a5854c0e9be74232dbf029386c471bbcd42be1c1dbce4cb187f9c6d4f663</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Aging</topic><topic>Electromyography</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Medicine & Public Health</topic><topic>Middle age</topic><topic>Muscle function</topic><topic>Original Article</topic><topic>Otorhinolaryngology</topic><topic>Plastic Surgery</topic><topic>Skin</topic><topic>Surgery</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Engerer, Nina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Frank, Konstantin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Moellhoff, Nicholas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alfertshofer, Michael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Giunta, Riccardo E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Green, Jeremy B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lorenc, Paul Z.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chaney, Grace K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ehrl, Denis</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cotofana, Sebastian</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Aesthetic plastic surgery</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Engerer, Nina</au><au>Frank, Konstantin</au><au>Moellhoff, Nicholas</au><au>Alfertshofer, Michael</au><au>Giunta, Riccardo E.</au><au>Green, Jeremy B.</au><au>Lorenc, Paul Z.</au><au>Chaney, Grace K.</au><au>Ehrl, Denis</au><au>Cotofana, Sebastian</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Aging of the Neck Decoded: New Insights for Minimally Invasive Treatments</atitle><jtitle>Aesthetic plastic surgery</jtitle><stitle>Aesth Plast Surg</stitle><addtitle>Aesthetic Plast Surg</addtitle><date>2022-08-01</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>46</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>1698</spage><epage>1705</epage><pages>1698-1705</pages><issn>0364-216X</issn><eissn>1432-5241</eissn><abstract>Background
Many signs of aging manifest in the neck region, including platysmal bands, excess skin, horizontal neck lines and decreasing contour of the neck. While the clinical signs of an aged neck are well-known, data determining the underlying aging process are limited.
Objective
To decode aging of the neck.
Materials and Methods
This prospective study investigated elasticity and firmness of skin, muscle activity and skin displacement upon muscular contraction in the neck in 77 young-, middle- and old-age individuals. Objective outcome measures, including 3-dimensional imaging, cutometry and surface electromyography, were utilized for all assessments.
Results
Mean firmness of skin decreased significantly from young to old individuals (0.37 ± 0.13 mm, 0.30 ± 0.12 mm and 0.26 ± 0.12 mm in young, middle and old subjects, respectively;
p
< 0.001). Gross elasticity decreased significantly from 75.1 ± 13.0% in young subjects, to 64.53 ± 15.7% in middle-aged subjects and 55.79 ± 13.0% in old subjects (
p
< 0.001). The mean
y
-axis skin displacement increased from 2.48 ± 4.33 mm in young subjects, to 3.11 ± 4.49 mm in middle-aged subjects and 3.61 ± 5.38 mm in old subjects (
p
= 0.006). The mean signal-to-noise ratio decreased significantly from 16.74 ± 5.77 µV in young subjects, to 14.41 ± 4.86 µV in middle-aged subjects and to 12.23 ± 5.99 µV in old subjects (
p
< 0.001).
Conclusion
This study provides insights into the interplay between skin elasticity, muscular activity and the reflected movement of the skin of the neck. Appreciation of these age-related changes lays the fundament for aesthetic treatments in this delicate region.
Level of Evidence IV
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors
www.springer.com/00266
.</abstract><cop>New York</cop><pub>Springer US</pub><pmid>35701594</pmid><doi>10.1007/s00266-022-02961-0</doi><tpages>8</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6994-8877</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| identifier | ISSN: 0364-216X |
| ispartof | Aesthetic plastic surgery, 2022-08, Vol.46 (4), p.1698-1705 |
| issn | 0364-216X 1432-5241 |
| language | eng |
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| source | SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings |
| subjects | Aging Electromyography Medicine Medicine & Public Health Middle age Muscle function Original Article Otorhinolaryngology Plastic Surgery Skin Surgery |
| title | Aging of the Neck Decoded: New Insights for Minimally Invasive Treatments |
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