Study of the structure and characteristics of mesoporous TiO2 photocatalyst, and evaluation of its factors on gaseous formaldehyde removal by the analysis of ANOVA and S/N ratio
This study differs from previous studies of TiO 2 /SiO 2 in that 0.5-10 μm microsized TiO 2 -rutile based catalysts (TR catalysts) with varying proportions of titanium and silicon were synthesized using a one-step modified hydrothermal method. At Ti/Si = 1/9, a two-dimensional channel-structured cat...
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| creator | Lee, Shiuan-Shinn Lu, Chi-Yuan Wu, Min-Chang |
| description | This study differs from previous studies of TiO
2
/SiO
2
in that 0.5-10 μm microsized TiO
2
-rutile based catalysts (TR catalysts) with varying proportions of titanium and silicon were synthesized using a one-step modified hydrothermal method. At Ti/Si = 1/9, a two-dimensional channel-structured catalyst with a morphology resembling that of SBA-15 was obtained. In contrast, at Ti/Si = 3/7 or 5/5, a three-dimensional porous structure was formed, and Ti-O-Si-C bonds appeared. The structure of the TR catalyst transformed due to the decrease in C-Si bond content and the increase in C-C bond content with increasing Ti/Si ratio. The results indicated that the rutile phase was the main crystal phase of the TR catalyst. The small crystal size and large rutile phase content of the mesoporous TR catalyst contributed to the low band gap energy below 3.0 eV. Under 2 × 10 W lamp irradiation with either UVA or visible light, the three TR catalysts showed better formaldehyde (HCHO) removal efficiency than P25. Furthermore, the Taguchi method was employed to evaluate the catalytic factors by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and S/N ratio. The results revealed the contributions of each of the three factors to HCHO removal efficiency over TR catalysts to be as follows: space velocity (62%), Ti ratio (32%), and time on stream (5%). The TR catalyst with Ti/Si = 1/9 showed good HCHO removal efficiency with a high
S
BET
(787.1 m
2
g
−1
) and large pore volume (0.95 cm
3
g
−1
) for a residence time of over 2.29 × 10
−1
s under visible light irradiation. Microwave-assisted EG reduction was successfully applied to dope a TR catalyst with nanosized Pt particles in a short synthesis time. After Pt doping, the removal efficiency in the stream improved and stabilized. The Pt particles were Pt
0
and proved effective for improving the photocatalytic removal of HCHO over the TR catalyst by prolonging the separation time of the electron-hole pairs. Overall, the Pt/TR catalyst is a potential material for pollutant removal and can be easily separated from the pollutant removal system since the catalysts are microsized.
This study differs from previous studies of TiO
2
/SiO
2
in that 0.5-10 μm microsized TiO
2
-rutile based catalysts (TR catalysts) with varying proportions of titanium and silicon were synthesized using a one-step modified hydrothermal method. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1039/c8ra03557a |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2662546731</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2662546731</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-p355t-51f8a3ff3459db1dfe8b16d847622c5e157a220858ba5f4960c00383c3b090dd3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kUtr3TAUhEVpaEKSTfcFlW6y6G30sGR7U7iEpi2E3EXSbs2xHrGCbbmSHPDP6j-MfBP6WlQbCWbm09EIodeUfKCE1-eqCkC4ECW8QEeMFHLDiKxf_nE-RKcx3pO8pKBM0lfoMPsLWgp2hH7epFkv2FucOoNjCrNKczAYRo1VBwFUMsHF5FRcTYOJfvLBzxHfuh3DU-eTV5CgX2J6v0-ZB-hnSM6Pa8CliG2G-JDzI76DaNaw9WGAXptu0QYHM_gcwu2yHwLGleb2922vd9-3e-zN-TUOK_YEHVjoozl93o_Rt8tPtxdfNle7z18vtlebKb8ubQS1FXBreSFq3VJtTdVSqauilIwpYWhujDFSiaoFYYtaEkUIr7jiLamJ1vwYfXziTnM7GK3MmAL0zRTcAGFpPLjmb2V0XXPnH5qaVLSgPAPOngHB_5hNTM3gojJ9D-PaQcOkZKKQJafZ-u4f672fQ-4hu4iQNWElX4Fvnlwhql9z_P7_rL_9n95M2vJHi4qwTA</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2056902733</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Study of the structure and characteristics of mesoporous TiO2 photocatalyst, and evaluation of its factors on gaseous formaldehyde removal by the analysis of ANOVA and S/N ratio</title><source>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</source><source>Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals</source><source>PubMed Central Open Access</source><source>PubMed Central</source><creator>Lee, Shiuan-Shinn ; Lu, Chi-Yuan ; Wu, Min-Chang</creator><creatorcontrib>Lee, Shiuan-Shinn ; Lu, Chi-Yuan ; Wu, Min-Chang</creatorcontrib><description>This study differs from previous studies of TiO
2
/SiO
2
in that 0.5-10 μm microsized TiO
2
-rutile based catalysts (TR catalysts) with varying proportions of titanium and silicon were synthesized using a one-step modified hydrothermal method. At Ti/Si = 1/9, a two-dimensional channel-structured catalyst with a morphology resembling that of SBA-15 was obtained. In contrast, at Ti/Si = 3/7 or 5/5, a three-dimensional porous structure was formed, and Ti-O-Si-C bonds appeared. The structure of the TR catalyst transformed due to the decrease in C-Si bond content and the increase in C-C bond content with increasing Ti/Si ratio. The results indicated that the rutile phase was the main crystal phase of the TR catalyst. The small crystal size and large rutile phase content of the mesoporous TR catalyst contributed to the low band gap energy below 3.0 eV. Under 2 × 10 W lamp irradiation with either UVA or visible light, the three TR catalysts showed better formaldehyde (HCHO) removal efficiency than P25. Furthermore, the Taguchi method was employed to evaluate the catalytic factors by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and S/N ratio. The results revealed the contributions of each of the three factors to HCHO removal efficiency over TR catalysts to be as follows: space velocity (62%), Ti ratio (32%), and time on stream (5%). The TR catalyst with Ti/Si = 1/9 showed good HCHO removal efficiency with a high
S
BET
(787.1 m
2
g
−1
) and large pore volume (0.95 cm
3
g
−1
) for a residence time of over 2.29 × 10
−1
s under visible light irradiation. Microwave-assisted EG reduction was successfully applied to dope a TR catalyst with nanosized Pt particles in a short synthesis time. After Pt doping, the removal efficiency in the stream improved and stabilized. The Pt particles were Pt
0
and proved effective for improving the photocatalytic removal of HCHO over the TR catalyst by prolonging the separation time of the electron-hole pairs. Overall, the Pt/TR catalyst is a potential material for pollutant removal and can be easily separated from the pollutant removal system since the catalysts are microsized.
This study differs from previous studies of TiO
2
/SiO
2
in that 0.5-10 μm microsized TiO
2
-rutile based catalysts (TR catalysts) with varying proportions of titanium and silicon were synthesized using a one-step modified hydrothermal method.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2046-2069</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2046-2069</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1039/c8ra03557a</identifier><identifier>PMID: 35541752</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry</publisher><subject>Catalysis ; Catalysts ; Chemical synthesis ; Chemistry ; Efficiency ; Energy gap ; Formaldehyde ; Hydrothermal crystal growth ; Light irradiation ; Morphology ; Photocatalysis ; Pollutants ; Rutile ; Signal to noise ratio ; Silicon dioxide ; Taguchi methods ; Titanium ; Titanium dioxide ; Variance analysis</subject><ispartof>RSC advances, 2018-01, Vol.8 (39), p.22199-22215</ispartof><rights>Copyright Royal Society of Chemistry 2018</rights><rights>This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry.</rights><rights>This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 The Royal Society of Chemistry</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9081413/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9081413/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,724,777,781,861,882,27905,27906,53772,53774</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Lee, Shiuan-Shinn</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lu, Chi-Yuan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wu, Min-Chang</creatorcontrib><title>Study of the structure and characteristics of mesoporous TiO2 photocatalyst, and evaluation of its factors on gaseous formaldehyde removal by the analysis of ANOVA and S/N ratio</title><title>RSC advances</title><description>This study differs from previous studies of TiO
2
/SiO
2
in that 0.5-10 μm microsized TiO
2
-rutile based catalysts (TR catalysts) with varying proportions of titanium and silicon were synthesized using a one-step modified hydrothermal method. At Ti/Si = 1/9, a two-dimensional channel-structured catalyst with a morphology resembling that of SBA-15 was obtained. In contrast, at Ti/Si = 3/7 or 5/5, a three-dimensional porous structure was formed, and Ti-O-Si-C bonds appeared. The structure of the TR catalyst transformed due to the decrease in C-Si bond content and the increase in C-C bond content with increasing Ti/Si ratio. The results indicated that the rutile phase was the main crystal phase of the TR catalyst. The small crystal size and large rutile phase content of the mesoporous TR catalyst contributed to the low band gap energy below 3.0 eV. Under 2 × 10 W lamp irradiation with either UVA or visible light, the three TR catalysts showed better formaldehyde (HCHO) removal efficiency than P25. Furthermore, the Taguchi method was employed to evaluate the catalytic factors by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and S/N ratio. The results revealed the contributions of each of the three factors to HCHO removal efficiency over TR catalysts to be as follows: space velocity (62%), Ti ratio (32%), and time on stream (5%). The TR catalyst with Ti/Si = 1/9 showed good HCHO removal efficiency with a high
S
BET
(787.1 m
2
g
−1
) and large pore volume (0.95 cm
3
g
−1
) for a residence time of over 2.29 × 10
−1
s under visible light irradiation. Microwave-assisted EG reduction was successfully applied to dope a TR catalyst with nanosized Pt particles in a short synthesis time. After Pt doping, the removal efficiency in the stream improved and stabilized. The Pt particles were Pt
0
and proved effective for improving the photocatalytic removal of HCHO over the TR catalyst by prolonging the separation time of the electron-hole pairs. Overall, the Pt/TR catalyst is a potential material for pollutant removal and can be easily separated from the pollutant removal system since the catalysts are microsized.
This study differs from previous studies of TiO
2
/SiO
2
in that 0.5-10 μm microsized TiO
2
-rutile based catalysts (TR catalysts) with varying proportions of titanium and silicon were synthesized using a one-step modified hydrothermal method.</description><subject>Catalysis</subject><subject>Catalysts</subject><subject>Chemical synthesis</subject><subject>Chemistry</subject><subject>Efficiency</subject><subject>Energy gap</subject><subject>Formaldehyde</subject><subject>Hydrothermal crystal growth</subject><subject>Light irradiation</subject><subject>Morphology</subject><subject>Photocatalysis</subject><subject>Pollutants</subject><subject>Rutile</subject><subject>Signal to noise ratio</subject><subject>Silicon dioxide</subject><subject>Taguchi methods</subject><subject>Titanium</subject><subject>Titanium dioxide</subject><subject>Variance analysis</subject><issn>2046-2069</issn><issn>2046-2069</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2018</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kUtr3TAUhEVpaEKSTfcFlW6y6G30sGR7U7iEpi2E3EXSbs2xHrGCbbmSHPDP6j-MfBP6WlQbCWbm09EIodeUfKCE1-eqCkC4ECW8QEeMFHLDiKxf_nE-RKcx3pO8pKBM0lfoMPsLWgp2hH7epFkv2FucOoNjCrNKczAYRo1VBwFUMsHF5FRcTYOJfvLBzxHfuh3DU-eTV5CgX2J6v0-ZB-hnSM6Pa8CliG2G-JDzI76DaNaw9WGAXptu0QYHM_gcwu2yHwLGleb2922vd9-3e-zN-TUOK_YEHVjoozl93o_Rt8tPtxdfNle7z18vtlebKb8ubQS1FXBreSFq3VJtTdVSqauilIwpYWhujDFSiaoFYYtaEkUIr7jiLamJ1vwYfXziTnM7GK3MmAL0zRTcAGFpPLjmb2V0XXPnH5qaVLSgPAPOngHB_5hNTM3gojJ9D-PaQcOkZKKQJafZ-u4f672fQ-4hu4iQNWElX4Fvnlwhql9z_P7_rL_9n95M2vJHi4qwTA</recordid><startdate>20180101</startdate><enddate>20180101</enddate><creator>Lee, Shiuan-Shinn</creator><creator>Lu, Chi-Yuan</creator><creator>Wu, Min-Chang</creator><general>Royal Society of Chemistry</general><general>The Royal Society of Chemistry</general><scope>7SR</scope><scope>8BQ</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20180101</creationdate><title>Study of the structure and characteristics of mesoporous TiO2 photocatalyst, and evaluation of its factors on gaseous formaldehyde removal by the analysis of ANOVA and S/N ratio</title><author>Lee, Shiuan-Shinn ; Lu, Chi-Yuan ; Wu, Min-Chang</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-p355t-51f8a3ff3459db1dfe8b16d847622c5e157a220858ba5f4960c00383c3b090dd3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2018</creationdate><topic>Catalysis</topic><topic>Catalysts</topic><topic>Chemical synthesis</topic><topic>Chemistry</topic><topic>Efficiency</topic><topic>Energy gap</topic><topic>Formaldehyde</topic><topic>Hydrothermal crystal growth</topic><topic>Light irradiation</topic><topic>Morphology</topic><topic>Photocatalysis</topic><topic>Pollutants</topic><topic>Rutile</topic><topic>Signal to noise ratio</topic><topic>Silicon dioxide</topic><topic>Taguchi methods</topic><topic>Titanium</topic><topic>Titanium dioxide</topic><topic>Variance analysis</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Lee, Shiuan-Shinn</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lu, Chi-Yuan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wu, Min-Chang</creatorcontrib><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>METADEX</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>RSC advances</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Lee, Shiuan-Shinn</au><au>Lu, Chi-Yuan</au><au>Wu, Min-Chang</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Study of the structure and characteristics of mesoporous TiO2 photocatalyst, and evaluation of its factors on gaseous formaldehyde removal by the analysis of ANOVA and S/N ratio</atitle><jtitle>RSC advances</jtitle><date>2018-01-01</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>8</volume><issue>39</issue><spage>22199</spage><epage>22215</epage><pages>22199-22215</pages><issn>2046-2069</issn><eissn>2046-2069</eissn><abstract>This study differs from previous studies of TiO
2
/SiO
2
in that 0.5-10 μm microsized TiO
2
-rutile based catalysts (TR catalysts) with varying proportions of titanium and silicon were synthesized using a one-step modified hydrothermal method. At Ti/Si = 1/9, a two-dimensional channel-structured catalyst with a morphology resembling that of SBA-15 was obtained. In contrast, at Ti/Si = 3/7 or 5/5, a three-dimensional porous structure was formed, and Ti-O-Si-C bonds appeared. The structure of the TR catalyst transformed due to the decrease in C-Si bond content and the increase in C-C bond content with increasing Ti/Si ratio. The results indicated that the rutile phase was the main crystal phase of the TR catalyst. The small crystal size and large rutile phase content of the mesoporous TR catalyst contributed to the low band gap energy below 3.0 eV. Under 2 × 10 W lamp irradiation with either UVA or visible light, the three TR catalysts showed better formaldehyde (HCHO) removal efficiency than P25. Furthermore, the Taguchi method was employed to evaluate the catalytic factors by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and S/N ratio. The results revealed the contributions of each of the three factors to HCHO removal efficiency over TR catalysts to be as follows: space velocity (62%), Ti ratio (32%), and time on stream (5%). The TR catalyst with Ti/Si = 1/9 showed good HCHO removal efficiency with a high
S
BET
(787.1 m
2
g
−1
) and large pore volume (0.95 cm
3
g
−1
) for a residence time of over 2.29 × 10
−1
s under visible light irradiation. Microwave-assisted EG reduction was successfully applied to dope a TR catalyst with nanosized Pt particles in a short synthesis time. After Pt doping, the removal efficiency in the stream improved and stabilized. The Pt particles were Pt
0
and proved effective for improving the photocatalytic removal of HCHO over the TR catalyst by prolonging the separation time of the electron-hole pairs. Overall, the Pt/TR catalyst is a potential material for pollutant removal and can be easily separated from the pollutant removal system since the catalysts are microsized.
This study differs from previous studies of TiO
2
/SiO
2
in that 0.5-10 μm microsized TiO
2
-rutile based catalysts (TR catalysts) with varying proportions of titanium and silicon were synthesized using a one-step modified hydrothermal method.</abstract><cop>Cambridge</cop><pub>Royal Society of Chemistry</pub><pmid>35541752</pmid><doi>10.1039/c8ra03557a</doi><tpages>17</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 2046-2069 |
| ispartof | RSC advances, 2018-01, Vol.8 (39), p.22199-22215 |
| issn | 2046-2069 2046-2069 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2662546731 |
| source | DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central Open Access; PubMed Central |
| subjects | Catalysis Catalysts Chemical synthesis Chemistry Efficiency Energy gap Formaldehyde Hydrothermal crystal growth Light irradiation Morphology Photocatalysis Pollutants Rutile Signal to noise ratio Silicon dioxide Taguchi methods Titanium Titanium dioxide Variance analysis |
| title | Study of the structure and characteristics of mesoporous TiO2 photocatalyst, and evaluation of its factors on gaseous formaldehyde removal by the analysis of ANOVA and S/N ratio |
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