Methods for assessing the quality of AM fungal bio-fertilizer: Retrospect and future directions
In the recent past, the mass production of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi has bloomed into a large biofertilizer industry. Due to their obligate symbiotic nature, these fungi are propagated on living roots in substrate-based pot cultures and RiTDNA in in vitro or root organ culture systems. The q...
Gespeichert in:
| Veröffentlicht in: | World journal of microbiology & biotechnology 2022-06, Vol.38 (6), p.97-97, Article 97 |
|---|---|
| Hauptverfasser: | , , , , |
| Format: | Artikel |
| Sprache: | eng |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
| Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
| container_end_page | 97 |
|---|---|
| container_issue | 6 |
| container_start_page | 97 |
| container_title | World journal of microbiology & biotechnology |
| container_volume | 38 |
| creator | Agnihotri, R Sharma, MP Bucking, H Dames, JF Bagyaraj, DJ |
| description | In the recent past, the mass production of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi has bloomed into a large biofertilizer industry. Due to their obligate symbiotic nature, these fungi are propagated on living roots in substrate-based pot cultures and RiTDNA in
in vitro
or root organ culture systems. The quality assessment of AM inocula remains critical for the production and efficacy evaluation of AM fungi. The vigour of AM inocula are assessed through microscopic methods such as inoculum potential, infectivity potential/infection units, most probable number (MPN) and spore density. These methods marginally depend on the researcher’s skill. The signature lipids specific to AM fungi, e.g. 16:1ω5cis ester-linked, phospholipid, and neutral lipid fatty acids provide more robustness and reproducibility. The quantitative real-time PCR of AM fungal taxa specific primers and probes analyzing gene copy number is also increasingly used. This article intends to sensitize AM fungal researchers and inoculum manufacturers to various methods of assessing the quality of AM inocula addressing their merits and demerits. This will help AM producers to fulfil the regulatory requirements ensuring the supply of high-quality AM inocula to end-users, and tap a new dimension of AM research in the commercial production of AM fungi and its application in sustainable plant production systems. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s11274-022-03288-3 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2656744615</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2656744615</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c375t-68e214012d8afa251dec3fe4ad93a1c6d54f518eb0185e7d496d08190a54d38a3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kE1vVCEUhomxsdPqH3BhSNy4wfJ5AXdNU1uTNiZG14S5HKY0dy5T4C7qr5fpVE1cuCI5PO974EHoLaMfGaX6rDLGtSSUc0IFN4aIF2jFlBaEWs1fohW1yhJhrThGJ7XeU9pjVrxCx0JJbfigV8jdQrvLoeKYC_a1Qq1p3uB2B_hh8VNqjzhHfH6L4zJv_ITXKZMIpaUp_YTyCX-DVnLdwdiwn0On2lIAh1T6JOW5vkZH0U8V3jyfp-jH58vvF9fk5uvVl4vzGzIKrRoZDHAmKePB-Oi5YgFGEUH6YIVn4xCUjIoZWFNmFOgg7RCoYZZ6JYMwXpyiD4feXckPC9TmtqmOME1-hrxUxwc1aCkHpjr6_h_0Pi9l7q_bU8oKRqXoFD9QY_9fLRDdrqStL4-OUbfX7w76XdfvnvS7fejdc_Wy3kL4E_ntuwPiANR-NW-g_N39n9pfGS6P8Q</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2655931043</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Methods for assessing the quality of AM fungal bio-fertilizer: Retrospect and future directions</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings</source><creator>Agnihotri, R ; Sharma, MP ; Bucking, H ; Dames, JF ; Bagyaraj, DJ</creator><creatorcontrib>Agnihotri, R ; Sharma, MP ; Bucking, H ; Dames, JF ; Bagyaraj, DJ</creatorcontrib><description>In the recent past, the mass production of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi has bloomed into a large biofertilizer industry. Due to their obligate symbiotic nature, these fungi are propagated on living roots in substrate-based pot cultures and RiTDNA in
in vitro
or root organ culture systems. The quality assessment of AM inocula remains critical for the production and efficacy evaluation of AM fungi. The vigour of AM inocula are assessed through microscopic methods such as inoculum potential, infectivity potential/infection units, most probable number (MPN) and spore density. These methods marginally depend on the researcher’s skill. The signature lipids specific to AM fungi, e.g. 16:1ω5cis ester-linked, phospholipid, and neutral lipid fatty acids provide more robustness and reproducibility. The quantitative real-time PCR of AM fungal taxa specific primers and probes analyzing gene copy number is also increasingly used. This article intends to sensitize AM fungal researchers and inoculum manufacturers to various methods of assessing the quality of AM inocula addressing their merits and demerits. This will help AM producers to fulfil the regulatory requirements ensuring the supply of high-quality AM inocula to end-users, and tap a new dimension of AM research in the commercial production of AM fungi and its application in sustainable plant production systems.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0959-3993</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1573-0972</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s11274-022-03288-3</identifier><identifier>PMID: 35478267</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands</publisher><subject>Applied Microbiology ; Arbuscular mycorrhizas ; Biochemistry ; Biofertilizers ; Biomedical and Life Sciences ; Biotechnology ; Copy number ; End users ; Environmental Engineering/Biotechnology ; Fatty acids ; Fertilizers ; Fungi ; Infectivity ; Inoculum ; Inoculum potential ; Life Sciences ; Lipids ; Mass production ; Microbiology ; Most probable number ; Mycorrhizae - genetics ; Organ culture ; Phospholipids ; Plant production ; Plants ; Quality assessment ; Quality control ; Reproducibility of Results ; Review ; Substrates ; Symbiosis</subject><ispartof>World journal of microbiology & biotechnology, 2022-06, Vol.38 (6), p.97-97, Article 97</ispartof><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. 2022</rights><rights>2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.</rights><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. 2022.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c375t-68e214012d8afa251dec3fe4ad93a1c6d54f518eb0185e7d496d08190a54d38a3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c375t-68e214012d8afa251dec3fe4ad93a1c6d54f518eb0185e7d496d08190a54d38a3</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-5331-2081</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11274-022-03288-3$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11274-022-03288-3$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925,41488,42557,51319</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35478267$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Agnihotri, R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sharma, MP</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bucking, H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dames, JF</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bagyaraj, DJ</creatorcontrib><title>Methods for assessing the quality of AM fungal bio-fertilizer: Retrospect and future directions</title><title>World journal of microbiology & biotechnology</title><addtitle>World J Microbiol Biotechnol</addtitle><addtitle>World J Microbiol Biotechnol</addtitle><description>In the recent past, the mass production of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi has bloomed into a large biofertilizer industry. Due to their obligate symbiotic nature, these fungi are propagated on living roots in substrate-based pot cultures and RiTDNA in
in vitro
or root organ culture systems. The quality assessment of AM inocula remains critical for the production and efficacy evaluation of AM fungi. The vigour of AM inocula are assessed through microscopic methods such as inoculum potential, infectivity potential/infection units, most probable number (MPN) and spore density. These methods marginally depend on the researcher’s skill. The signature lipids specific to AM fungi, e.g. 16:1ω5cis ester-linked, phospholipid, and neutral lipid fatty acids provide more robustness and reproducibility. The quantitative real-time PCR of AM fungal taxa specific primers and probes analyzing gene copy number is also increasingly used. This article intends to sensitize AM fungal researchers and inoculum manufacturers to various methods of assessing the quality of AM inocula addressing their merits and demerits. This will help AM producers to fulfil the regulatory requirements ensuring the supply of high-quality AM inocula to end-users, and tap a new dimension of AM research in the commercial production of AM fungi and its application in sustainable plant production systems.</description><subject>Applied Microbiology</subject><subject>Arbuscular mycorrhizas</subject><subject>Biochemistry</subject><subject>Biofertilizers</subject><subject>Biomedical and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Biotechnology</subject><subject>Copy number</subject><subject>End users</subject><subject>Environmental Engineering/Biotechnology</subject><subject>Fatty acids</subject><subject>Fertilizers</subject><subject>Fungi</subject><subject>Infectivity</subject><subject>Inoculum</subject><subject>Inoculum potential</subject><subject>Life Sciences</subject><subject>Lipids</subject><subject>Mass production</subject><subject>Microbiology</subject><subject>Most probable number</subject><subject>Mycorrhizae - genetics</subject><subject>Organ culture</subject><subject>Phospholipids</subject><subject>Plant production</subject><subject>Plants</subject><subject>Quality assessment</subject><subject>Quality control</subject><subject>Reproducibility of Results</subject><subject>Review</subject><subject>Substrates</subject><subject>Symbiosis</subject><issn>0959-3993</issn><issn>1573-0972</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kE1vVCEUhomxsdPqH3BhSNy4wfJ5AXdNU1uTNiZG14S5HKY0dy5T4C7qr5fpVE1cuCI5PO974EHoLaMfGaX6rDLGtSSUc0IFN4aIF2jFlBaEWs1fohW1yhJhrThGJ7XeU9pjVrxCx0JJbfigV8jdQrvLoeKYC_a1Qq1p3uB2B_hh8VNqjzhHfH6L4zJv_ITXKZMIpaUp_YTyCX-DVnLdwdiwn0On2lIAh1T6JOW5vkZH0U8V3jyfp-jH58vvF9fk5uvVl4vzGzIKrRoZDHAmKePB-Oi5YgFGEUH6YIVn4xCUjIoZWFNmFOgg7RCoYZZ6JYMwXpyiD4feXckPC9TmtqmOME1-hrxUxwc1aCkHpjr6_h_0Pi9l7q_bU8oKRqXoFD9QY_9fLRDdrqStL4-OUbfX7w76XdfvnvS7fejdc_Wy3kL4E_ntuwPiANR-NW-g_N39n9pfGS6P8Q</recordid><startdate>20220601</startdate><enddate>20220601</enddate><creator>Agnihotri, R</creator><creator>Sharma, MP</creator><creator>Bucking, H</creator><creator>Dames, JF</creator><creator>Bagyaraj, DJ</creator><general>Springer Netherlands</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TB</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7U5</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7WY</scope><scope>7WZ</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>87Z</scope><scope>88A</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8FL</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BEZIV</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FRNLG</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>F~G</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K60</scope><scope>K6~</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>L.-</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0C</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PQBIZ</scope><scope>PQBZA</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5331-2081</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20220601</creationdate><title>Methods for assessing the quality of AM fungal bio-fertilizer: Retrospect and future directions</title><author>Agnihotri, R ; Sharma, MP ; Bucking, H ; Dames, JF ; Bagyaraj, DJ</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c375t-68e214012d8afa251dec3fe4ad93a1c6d54f518eb0185e7d496d08190a54d38a3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Applied Microbiology</topic><topic>Arbuscular mycorrhizas</topic><topic>Biochemistry</topic><topic>Biofertilizers</topic><topic>Biomedical and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Biotechnology</topic><topic>Copy number</topic><topic>End users</topic><topic>Environmental Engineering/Biotechnology</topic><topic>Fatty acids</topic><topic>Fertilizers</topic><topic>Fungi</topic><topic>Infectivity</topic><topic>Inoculum</topic><topic>Inoculum potential</topic><topic>Life Sciences</topic><topic>Lipids</topic><topic>Mass production</topic><topic>Microbiology</topic><topic>Most probable number</topic><topic>Mycorrhizae - genetics</topic><topic>Organ culture</topic><topic>Phospholipids</topic><topic>Plant production</topic><topic>Plants</topic><topic>Quality assessment</topic><topic>Quality control</topic><topic>Reproducibility of Results</topic><topic>Review</topic><topic>Substrates</topic><topic>Symbiosis</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Agnihotri, R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sharma, MP</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bucking, H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dames, JF</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bagyaraj, DJ</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Collection</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Global (PDF only)</collection><collection>Health Medical collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Collection</collection><collection>Biology Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest Business Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Business Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Global (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection (Proquest) (PQ_SDU_P3)</collection><collection>ProQuest Business Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Business Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Professional Advanced</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><collection>Biological Sciences</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Global</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>PML(ProQuest Medical Library)</collection><collection>ProQuest Science Journals</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>One Business</collection><collection>ProQuest One Business (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>World journal of microbiology & biotechnology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Agnihotri, R</au><au>Sharma, MP</au><au>Bucking, H</au><au>Dames, JF</au><au>Bagyaraj, DJ</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Methods for assessing the quality of AM fungal bio-fertilizer: Retrospect and future directions</atitle><jtitle>World journal of microbiology & biotechnology</jtitle><stitle>World J Microbiol Biotechnol</stitle><addtitle>World J Microbiol Biotechnol</addtitle><date>2022-06-01</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>38</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>97</spage><epage>97</epage><pages>97-97</pages><artnum>97</artnum><issn>0959-3993</issn><eissn>1573-0972</eissn><abstract>In the recent past, the mass production of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi has bloomed into a large biofertilizer industry. Due to their obligate symbiotic nature, these fungi are propagated on living roots in substrate-based pot cultures and RiTDNA in
in vitro
or root organ culture systems. The quality assessment of AM inocula remains critical for the production and efficacy evaluation of AM fungi. The vigour of AM inocula are assessed through microscopic methods such as inoculum potential, infectivity potential/infection units, most probable number (MPN) and spore density. These methods marginally depend on the researcher’s skill. The signature lipids specific to AM fungi, e.g. 16:1ω5cis ester-linked, phospholipid, and neutral lipid fatty acids provide more robustness and reproducibility. The quantitative real-time PCR of AM fungal taxa specific primers and probes analyzing gene copy number is also increasingly used. This article intends to sensitize AM fungal researchers and inoculum manufacturers to various methods of assessing the quality of AM inocula addressing their merits and demerits. This will help AM producers to fulfil the regulatory requirements ensuring the supply of high-quality AM inocula to end-users, and tap a new dimension of AM research in the commercial production of AM fungi and its application in sustainable plant production systems.</abstract><cop>Dordrecht</cop><pub>Springer Netherlands</pub><pmid>35478267</pmid><doi>10.1007/s11274-022-03288-3</doi><tpages>1</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5331-2081</orcidid></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0959-3993 |
| ispartof | World journal of microbiology & biotechnology, 2022-06, Vol.38 (6), p.97-97, Article 97 |
| issn | 0959-3993 1573-0972 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2656744615 |
| source | MEDLINE; SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings |
| subjects | Applied Microbiology Arbuscular mycorrhizas Biochemistry Biofertilizers Biomedical and Life Sciences Biotechnology Copy number End users Environmental Engineering/Biotechnology Fatty acids Fertilizers Fungi Infectivity Inoculum Inoculum potential Life Sciences Lipids Mass production Microbiology Most probable number Mycorrhizae - genetics Organ culture Phospholipids Plant production Plants Quality assessment Quality control Reproducibility of Results Review Substrates Symbiosis |
| title | Methods for assessing the quality of AM fungal bio-fertilizer: Retrospect and future directions |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-07T16%3A24%3A32IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Methods%20for%20assessing%20the%20quality%20of%20AM%20fungal%20bio-fertilizer:%20Retrospect%20and%20future%20directions&rft.jtitle=World%20journal%20of%20microbiology%20&%20biotechnology&rft.au=Agnihotri,%20R&rft.date=2022-06-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=97&rft.epage=97&rft.pages=97-97&rft.artnum=97&rft.issn=0959-3993&rft.eissn=1573-0972&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007/s11274-022-03288-3&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E2656744615%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2655931043&rft_id=info:pmid/35478267&rfr_iscdi=true |