Pituitary Lineage Differentiation from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells in 2D and 3D Cultures

Despite its small size, the pituitary gland plays a central role in the maintenance of normal homeostasis of most physiological systems through its regulation of the function of other endocrine glands. The complexity of the anterior pituitary gland, due to its composition of several different hormon...

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Veröffentlicht in:Stem cells and development 2022-05, Vol.31 (9-10), p.239-249
Hauptverfasser: Zhou, Yu, Wilson, Robert R A, Udaiyar, Abinav, McLemore, Jerri, Sadri-Ardekani, Hooman, Criswell, Tracy
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container_end_page 249
container_issue 9-10
container_start_page 239
container_title Stem cells and development
container_volume 31
creator Zhou, Yu
Wilson, Robert R A
Udaiyar, Abinav
McLemore, Jerri
Sadri-Ardekani, Hooman
Criswell, Tracy
description Despite its small size, the pituitary gland plays a central role in the maintenance of normal homeostasis of most physiological systems through its regulation of the function of other endocrine glands. The complexity of the anterior pituitary gland, due to its composition of several different hormone-secreting cell types, begets a plethora of disorders and pathologies due primarily to hyposecretion or hypersecretion of hormones. The gonadotrophs, which make up less than 5% of the total number of cells in the anterior pituitary, serve to regulate gonad development and sexual reproduction in males and females. Despite the increased research on the development of models to study pituitary function within the last decade, a model specifically designed to study the gonadotrophs is still lacking. The development of organoid technology has facilitated research in the field of personalized medicine and physiological testing using patient-derived cells. The ability to produce pituitary organoids would allow researchers to construct an in vitro model of the human hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal or hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis to use in further fertility or endocrine research. The application of this technology in patients could revolutionize the treatment of infertility and a variety of neuroendocrine disorders. The impetus behind this study was to develop a pituitary-like organoid consisting only of gonadotrophs. Despite the lack of success in differentiating gonadotrophs, pituitary-like organoids were differentiated from human-induced pluripotent stem cells. In addition, two-dimensional and three-dimensional differentiated cultures were characterized and compared to human adult cadaveric pituitary tissue.
doi_str_mv 10.1089/scd.2021.0354
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title Pituitary Lineage Differentiation from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells in 2D and 3D Cultures
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