Comparative performance of five recombinant and chimeric antigens in a time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay for detection of Toxoplasma gondii infection in cats

Felids are definitive hosts of Toxoplasma gondii, being the only hosts that can spread the infection through oocyst shedding in their feces. The elevated presence of this parasite in the domestic cat (Felis catus), and its close contact with humans, make it necessary to obtain reliable diagnostic me...

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Veröffentlicht in:Veterinary parasitology 2022-04, Vol.304, p.109703-109703, Article 109703
Hauptverfasser: Huertas-López, Ana, Contreras Rojo, Marinela, Sukhumavasi, Woraporn, Martínez-Subiela, Silvia, Álvarez-García, Gema, López-Ureña, Nadia María, Cerón, José Joaquín, Martínez-Carrasco, Carlos
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container_title Veterinary parasitology
container_volume 304
creator Huertas-López, Ana
Contreras Rojo, Marinela
Sukhumavasi, Woraporn
Martínez-Subiela, Silvia
Álvarez-García, Gema
López-Ureña, Nadia María
Cerón, José Joaquín
Martínez-Carrasco, Carlos
description Felids are definitive hosts of Toxoplasma gondii, being the only hosts that can spread the infection through oocyst shedding in their feces. The elevated presence of this parasite in the domestic cat (Felis catus), and its close contact with humans, make it necessary to obtain reliable diagnostic methods to detect positive animals as a public health measure. For this reason, in this study, the diagnostic performance of five different recombinant antigen-based techniques was assessed to diagnose T. gondii infection in cat blood plasma samples. Specifically, four T. gondii recombinant antigens (GRA7, truncated GRA7, SAG2, and truncated SAG2) and a chimeric antigen (SAG1-GRA8) were used. A time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay (TRFIA) was developed for each antigen, and the results of each of these techniques were compared with those obtained by a commercial enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) and a modified agglutination test (MAT) as reference techniques. The TRFIA based on SAG1-GRA8 antigen showed better discrimination between seropositive and seronegative cats (p 
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.vetpar.2022.109703
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The elevated presence of this parasite in the domestic cat (Felis catus), and its close contact with humans, make it necessary to obtain reliable diagnostic methods to detect positive animals as a public health measure. For this reason, in this study, the diagnostic performance of five different recombinant antigen-based techniques was assessed to diagnose T. gondii infection in cat blood plasma samples. Specifically, four T. gondii recombinant antigens (GRA7, truncated GRA7, SAG2, and truncated SAG2) and a chimeric antigen (SAG1-GRA8) were used. A time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay (TRFIA) was developed for each antigen, and the results of each of these techniques were compared with those obtained by a commercial enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) and a modified agglutination test (MAT) as reference techniques. The TRFIA based on SAG1-GRA8 antigen showed better discrimination between seropositive and seronegative cats (p &lt; 0.001), as well as a better area under the curve (0.95), sensitivity (93.6%), and specificity (89.5%) values for the optimal cut-off, versus the other TRFIAs. In addition, SAG1-GRA8 TRFIA showed substantial agreement (kappa value = 0.78) and a moderate significant correlation (Spearman’s correlation: r = 0.62, p &lt; 0.001) compared with the reference techniques. On the other hand, since plasma samples were obtained from 101 cats in Bangkok city and four of them were Neospora caninum seropositive by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFAT), this is the first time that anti-N. caninum antibodies are detected in cats in Thailand. In conclusion, our study highlights that the TRFIA with TgSAG1-GRA8 antigen is an accurate and recommended diagnostic technique for detecting anti-T. gondii antibodies in cats. [Display omitted] •Five antigens were tested to detect anti-T. gondii IgG in feline plasma by TRFIA.•TRFIA based on the SAG1-GRA8 antigen showed the best diagnostic performance.•SAG1-GRA8 based TRFIA is accurate for serodiagnosis of T. gondii infection in cats.•This is also the first report of Neospora caninum seropositive cats in Thailand.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0304-4017</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-2550</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2022.109703</identifier><identifier>PMID: 35367904</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Netherlands: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Animals ; Antibodies, Protozoan ; Antigens, Protozoan ; Cat Diseases - diagnosis ; Cats ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay - methods ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay - veterinary ; GRA7 ; SAG1-GRA8 ; SAG2 ; Thailand ; Time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay ; Toxoplasma ; Toxoplasma gondii ; Toxoplasmosis, Animal - diagnosis ; Toxoplasmosis, Animal - parasitology</subject><ispartof>Veterinary parasitology, 2022-04, Vol.304, p.109703-109703, Article 109703</ispartof><rights>2022 The Authors</rights><rights>Copyright © 2022 The Authors. 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The elevated presence of this parasite in the domestic cat (Felis catus), and its close contact with humans, make it necessary to obtain reliable diagnostic methods to detect positive animals as a public health measure. For this reason, in this study, the diagnostic performance of five different recombinant antigen-based techniques was assessed to diagnose T. gondii infection in cat blood plasma samples. Specifically, four T. gondii recombinant antigens (GRA7, truncated GRA7, SAG2, and truncated SAG2) and a chimeric antigen (SAG1-GRA8) were used. A time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay (TRFIA) was developed for each antigen, and the results of each of these techniques were compared with those obtained by a commercial enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) and a modified agglutination test (MAT) as reference techniques. The TRFIA based on SAG1-GRA8 antigen showed better discrimination between seropositive and seronegative cats (p &lt; 0.001), as well as a better area under the curve (0.95), sensitivity (93.6%), and specificity (89.5%) values for the optimal cut-off, versus the other TRFIAs. In addition, SAG1-GRA8 TRFIA showed substantial agreement (kappa value = 0.78) and a moderate significant correlation (Spearman’s correlation: r = 0.62, p &lt; 0.001) compared with the reference techniques. On the other hand, since plasma samples were obtained from 101 cats in Bangkok city and four of them were Neospora caninum seropositive by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFAT), this is the first time that anti-N. caninum antibodies are detected in cats in Thailand. In conclusion, our study highlights that the TRFIA with TgSAG1-GRA8 antigen is an accurate and recommended diagnostic technique for detecting anti-T. gondii antibodies in cats. 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The elevated presence of this parasite in the domestic cat (Felis catus), and its close contact with humans, make it necessary to obtain reliable diagnostic methods to detect positive animals as a public health measure. For this reason, in this study, the diagnostic performance of five different recombinant antigen-based techniques was assessed to diagnose T. gondii infection in cat blood plasma samples. Specifically, four T. gondii recombinant antigens (GRA7, truncated GRA7, SAG2, and truncated SAG2) and a chimeric antigen (SAG1-GRA8) were used. A time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay (TRFIA) was developed for each antigen, and the results of each of these techniques were compared with those obtained by a commercial enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) and a modified agglutination test (MAT) as reference techniques. The TRFIA based on SAG1-GRA8 antigen showed better discrimination between seropositive and seronegative cats (p &lt; 0.001), as well as a better area under the curve (0.95), sensitivity (93.6%), and specificity (89.5%) values for the optimal cut-off, versus the other TRFIAs. In addition, SAG1-GRA8 TRFIA showed substantial agreement (kappa value = 0.78) and a moderate significant correlation (Spearman’s correlation: r = 0.62, p &lt; 0.001) compared with the reference techniques. On the other hand, since plasma samples were obtained from 101 cats in Bangkok city and four of them were Neospora caninum seropositive by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFAT), this is the first time that anti-N. caninum antibodies are detected in cats in Thailand. In conclusion, our study highlights that the TRFIA with TgSAG1-GRA8 antigen is an accurate and recommended diagnostic technique for detecting anti-T. gondii antibodies in cats. [Display omitted] •Five antigens were tested to detect anti-T. gondii IgG in feline plasma by TRFIA.•TRFIA based on the SAG1-GRA8 antigen showed the best diagnostic performance.•SAG1-GRA8 based TRFIA is accurate for serodiagnosis of T. gondii infection in cats.•This is also the first report of Neospora caninum seropositive cats in Thailand.</abstract><cop>Netherlands</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><pmid>35367904</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.vetpar.2022.109703</doi><tpages>1</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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identifier ISSN: 0304-4017
ispartof Veterinary parasitology, 2022-04, Vol.304, p.109703-109703, Article 109703
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source MEDLINE; Access via ScienceDirect (Elsevier)
subjects Animals
Antibodies, Protozoan
Antigens, Protozoan
Cat Diseases - diagnosis
Cats
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay - methods
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay - veterinary
GRA7
SAG1-GRA8
SAG2
Thailand
Time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay
Toxoplasma
Toxoplasma gondii
Toxoplasmosis, Animal - diagnosis
Toxoplasmosis, Animal - parasitology
title Comparative performance of five recombinant and chimeric antigens in a time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay for detection of Toxoplasma gondii infection in cats
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