Outcomes of second allogeneic stem cell transplantation and anti‐relapse strategies in patients with relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia: A unicentric retrospective analysis
Second allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo‐SCT2) represents a rescue option for selected patients (pts) with relapsed/refractory (r/r) acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Still, relapse rates post‐allo‐SCT2 remain high and effective anti‐relapse strategies and predictive biomarkers remain to be def...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Hematological oncology 2022-10, Vol.40 (4), p.763-776 |
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creator | Shumilov, Evgenii Hasenkamp, Justin Maulhardt, Markus Mazzeo, Paolo Schmidt, Nicole Boyadzhiev, Hristo Jung, Wolfram Ganster, Christina Haase, Detlef Koch, Raphael Wulf, Gerald |
description | Second allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo‐SCT2) represents a rescue option for selected patients (pts) with relapsed/refractory (r/r) acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Still, relapse rates post‐allo‐SCT2 remain high and effective anti‐relapse strategies and predictive biomarkers remain to be defined. We here analyzed a cohort of 41 AML patients (pts) undergoing allo‐SCT2 in our center. Allo‐SCT2 induced a third hematologic complete remission (CR) in 37 pts, at costs of a 36% non‐relapse mortality rate. Furthermore, 19 pts eventually relapsed post allo‐SCT2. Addressing relapse after allo‐SCT2, 14 pts (74%) underwent cell‐based anti‐relapse strategies, including third allogeneic transplantation (allo‐SCT3; 3/14), donor lymphocyte infusions (DLIs) combined with either 5‐azacytidin and venetoclax (4/14) or chemotherapeutic agents (7/14). Notably, six of seven pts (86%) who received either allo‐SCT3 or a combination therapy of DLIs, 5‐azacytidine and venetoclax achieved CR despite poor cytogenetics post‐allo‐SCT2 (e.g., TP53). Finally, 11 of 41 pts were alive at the last follow‐up (seven CR2, three CR3, one partial remission) resulting in estimated 2‐ and 5‐year overall survival of 35% and 25%, respectively. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1002/hon.2995 |
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Still, relapse rates post‐allo‐SCT2 remain high and effective anti‐relapse strategies and predictive biomarkers remain to be defined. We here analyzed a cohort of 41 AML patients (pts) undergoing allo‐SCT2 in our center. Allo‐SCT2 induced a third hematologic complete remission (CR) in 37 pts, at costs of a 36% non‐relapse mortality rate. Furthermore, 19 pts eventually relapsed post allo‐SCT2. Addressing relapse after allo‐SCT2, 14 pts (74%) underwent cell‐based anti‐relapse strategies, including third allogeneic transplantation (allo‐SCT3; 3/14), donor lymphocyte infusions (DLIs) combined with either 5‐azacytidin and venetoclax (4/14) or chemotherapeutic agents (7/14). Notably, six of seven pts (86%) who received either allo‐SCT3 or a combination therapy of DLIs, 5‐azacytidine and venetoclax achieved CR despite poor cytogenetics post‐allo‐SCT2 (e.g., TP53). Finally, 11 of 41 pts were alive at the last follow‐up (seven CR2, three CR3, one partial remission) resulting in estimated 2‐ and 5‐year overall survival of 35% and 25%, respectively.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0278-0232</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1099-1069</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/hon.2995</identifier><identifier>PMID: 35368106</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</publisher><subject>Acute myeloid leukemia ; anti‐relapse strategies beyond allo‐SCT2 ; Azacytidine ; Biomarkers ; Chemotherapy ; Cytogenetics ; donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) ; Leukemia ; Lymphocytes ; relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia (r/r AML) ; Remission ; Remission (Medicine) ; second allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo‐SCT2) ; Stem cell transplantation ; Stem cells ; Transplantation ; venetoclax</subject><ispartof>Hematological oncology, 2022-10, Vol.40 (4), p.763-776</ispartof><rights>2022 The Authors. Hematological Oncology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.</rights><rights>2022. This article is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3835-f30a929794808f95d1540bb8507894f80fbf154dbdf8022872144517b5e995943</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3835-f30a929794808f95d1540bb8507894f80fbf154dbdf8022872144517b5e995943</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-2018-5685 ; 0000-0003-0178-1729</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002%2Fhon.2995$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002%2Fhon.2995$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1417,27924,27925,45574,45575</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35368106$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Shumilov, Evgenii</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hasenkamp, Justin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Maulhardt, Markus</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mazzeo, Paolo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schmidt, Nicole</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Boyadzhiev, Hristo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jung, Wolfram</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ganster, Christina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Haase, Detlef</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Koch, Raphael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wulf, Gerald</creatorcontrib><title>Outcomes of second allogeneic stem cell transplantation and anti‐relapse strategies in patients with relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia: A unicentric retrospective analysis</title><title>Hematological oncology</title><addtitle>Hematol Oncol</addtitle><description>Second allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo‐SCT2) represents a rescue option for selected patients (pts) with relapsed/refractory (r/r) acute myeloid leukemia (AML). 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Still, relapse rates post‐allo‐SCT2 remain high and effective anti‐relapse strategies and predictive biomarkers remain to be defined. We here analyzed a cohort of 41 AML patients (pts) undergoing allo‐SCT2 in our center. Allo‐SCT2 induced a third hematologic complete remission (CR) in 37 pts, at costs of a 36% non‐relapse mortality rate. Furthermore, 19 pts eventually relapsed post allo‐SCT2. Addressing relapse after allo‐SCT2, 14 pts (74%) underwent cell‐based anti‐relapse strategies, including third allogeneic transplantation (allo‐SCT3; 3/14), donor lymphocyte infusions (DLIs) combined with either 5‐azacytidin and venetoclax (4/14) or chemotherapeutic agents (7/14). Notably, six of seven pts (86%) who received either allo‐SCT3 or a combination therapy of DLIs, 5‐azacytidine and venetoclax achieved CR despite poor cytogenetics post‐allo‐SCT2 (e.g., TP53). 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subjects | Acute myeloid leukemia anti‐relapse strategies beyond allo‐SCT2 Azacytidine Biomarkers Chemotherapy Cytogenetics donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) Leukemia Lymphocytes relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia (r/r AML) Remission Remission (Medicine) second allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo‐SCT2) Stem cell transplantation Stem cells Transplantation venetoclax |
title | Outcomes of second allogeneic stem cell transplantation and anti‐relapse strategies in patients with relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia: A unicentric retrospective analysis |
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