Correlates of clinical variables on early-stage visual processing in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder

The use of noninvasive tools can help understand mental states and changes that are caused by medications, symptom severity, and other clinical variables. We investigated low-level visual processing using the contrast sensitivity function (CSF), a reliable, robust, and widely used approach. Our main...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of psychiatric research 2022-05, Vol.149, p.323-330
Hauptverfasser: Fernandes, Thiago P., Shoshina, Irina I., Oliveira, Milena E.C., Andreevna, Vershinina E., Silva, Gabriella M., Santos, Natanael A.
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container_end_page 330
container_issue
container_start_page 323
container_title Journal of psychiatric research
container_volume 149
creator Fernandes, Thiago P.
Shoshina, Irina I.
Oliveira, Milena E.C.
Andreevna, Vershinina E.
Silva, Gabriella M.
Santos, Natanael A.
description The use of noninvasive tools can help understand mental states and changes that are caused by medications, symptom severity, and other clinical variables. We investigated low-level visual processing using the contrast sensitivity function (CSF), a reliable, robust, and widely used approach. Our main purpose was (1) to evaluate visual impairments in schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar disorder (BPD) patients and (2) to investigate associations between clinical variables and visual function in both diseases. Fifty-six healthy controls (HCs; mean age = 31.04 years), 42 BPD patients (mean age = 32.84 years) who took only lithium, and 39 SCZ patients who took only olanzapine (mean age = 32.80 years) were recruited for this study. CSF differed between groups. Both groups of patients exhibited lower discrimination at low, mid-, and high spatial frequencies compared with HCs. No differences were observed between patients, with the exception of high spatial frequency. These impairments were also related to clinical variables, revealed by a strong effect in the mediation analyses. These findings may aid investigations of other clinical variables and the role of state- and trait-like effects on visual and cognitive processing in these patient populations. This study underscores the need for visual remediation interventions. •Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder patients can have visual impairments.•We investigated whether clinical variables also affect low-level visual processing.•Impairments were associated with a longer disease duration, greater symptom severity, and greater medication use.•We trust our findings will help investigations of the role of state- and trait-like effects on other processes.
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.03.014
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These findings may aid investigations of other clinical variables and the role of state- and trait-like effects on visual and cognitive processing in these patient populations. 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subjects Adult
Bipolar disorder
Bipolar Disorder - complications
Clinical variables
Cognition
Contrast sensitivity function
Humans
Medication
Schizophrenia
Visual Perception
Visual system
title Correlates of clinical variables on early-stage visual processing in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder
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