The hafnium-nitrogen system: Phase equilibria and nitrogen diffusivities obtained from diffusion couples
Hafnium sheet and wedges were annealed in nitrogen atmosphere at temperatures of 1160–1800°C and nitrogen pressures of 1–30 bar. Thein situ diffusion couples were used to study the phase equilibria in the Hf-N system and for the determination of nitrogen diffusivities in μ-Hf3N2 −x, ζ-Hf3N3 −x and δ...
Gespeichert in:
| Veröffentlicht in: | Acta Materialia 1996-08, Vol.44 (8), p.3331-3338 |
|---|---|
| Hauptverfasser: | , , , |
| Format: | Artikel |
| Sprache: | eng |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
| Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
| container_end_page | 3338 |
|---|---|
| container_issue | 8 |
| container_start_page | 3331 |
| container_title | Acta Materialia |
| container_volume | 44 |
| creator | Lengauer, W. Rafaja, D. Zehetner, G. Ettmayer, P. |
| description | Hafnium sheet and wedges were annealed in nitrogen atmosphere at temperatures of 1160–1800°C and nitrogen pressures of 1–30 bar. Thein situ diffusion couples were used to study the phase equilibria in the Hf-N system and for the determination of nitrogen diffusivities in μ-Hf3N2 −x, ζ-Hf3N3 −x and δ-HfN1 −x. The activation energy of the nitrogen diffusion process is 2.7 eV in all three phases indicating an identical diffusion mechanism (migration via octahedral nitrogen vacancies). It is shown that wedge-type diffusion couples can be used to measure homogeneity regions of line compounds (e.g. by EPMA) more accurately. A corrected version of the hafnium-nitrogen phase diagram is presented which contains better information on the homogeneity ranges of μ-Hf3N2 −x and ζ-Hf4N3 −x. The present study showed that previous investigations which place the lower stability limit of ζ-Hf4N3 −x at around 1200°C were in error due to the low rate of layer growth of this phase by diffusion at low temperatures. ζ-Hf4N3 −x is indeed stable atT < 1200°C. At high pressures and/or lower temperatures δ-HfN−x forms a diffusion band which has a metallographic double-layer appearance because of the formation of hyperstoichiometric δ-HfN1 +x on δ-HfN1 −x. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/1359-6454(95)00438-6 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_osti_</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_26412623</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><els_id>1359645495004386</els_id><sourcerecordid>26412623</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c390t-7750470cb5881a221d32e351801e1a79b212661ec41527cb95a66f26b1b47fac3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kE1r10AQh4MoWKvfwMMKIvYQ3fdNPBSk1Bco6KGel81m1qwku__ubAr99ib-2x49zcA8v5nhaZrXjH5glOmPTKi-1VLJ9706o1SKrtVPmhPWGdFyqcTTrX9AnjcvEP9QyriR9KSZricgkwsprkubYi35NySCd1hh-UR-Tg6BwM0a5ziU6IhLI3mkxhjCivE21ghI8lBdTDCSUPLyMMuJ-LweZsCXzbPgZoRX9_W0-fXl8vriW3v14-v3i89XrRc9ra0xikpD_aC6jjnO2Sg4CMU6yoA50w-cca0ZeMkUN37oldM6cD2wQZrgvDht3hz3ZqzRoo8V_ORzSuCrFdoI0W_MuyNzKPlmBax2iehhnl2CvKLlWm5XuNhAeQR9yYgFgj2UuLhyZxm1u3q7e7W7V9sr-0-91Vvs7f1-h97NobjkIz5mBddiy23Y-RGDzcdthLK_C8nDGMv-7Zjj_-_8BW_Bl9o</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>26412623</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>The hafnium-nitrogen system: Phase equilibria and nitrogen diffusivities obtained from diffusion couples</title><source>Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals</source><creator>Lengauer, W. ; Rafaja, D. ; Zehetner, G. ; Ettmayer, P.</creator><creatorcontrib>Lengauer, W. ; Rafaja, D. ; Zehetner, G. ; Ettmayer, P.</creatorcontrib><description>Hafnium sheet and wedges were annealed in nitrogen atmosphere at temperatures of 1160–1800°C and nitrogen pressures of 1–30 bar. Thein situ diffusion couples were used to study the phase equilibria in the Hf-N system and for the determination of nitrogen diffusivities in μ-Hf3N2 −x, ζ-Hf3N3 −x and δ-HfN1 −x. The activation energy of the nitrogen diffusion process is 2.7 eV in all three phases indicating an identical diffusion mechanism (migration via octahedral nitrogen vacancies). It is shown that wedge-type diffusion couples can be used to measure homogeneity regions of line compounds (e.g. by EPMA) more accurately. A corrected version of the hafnium-nitrogen phase diagram is presented which contains better information on the homogeneity ranges of μ-Hf3N2 −x and ζ-Hf4N3 −x. The present study showed that previous investigations which place the lower stability limit of ζ-Hf4N3 −x at around 1200°C were in error due to the low rate of layer growth of this phase by diffusion at low temperatures. ζ-Hf4N3 −x is indeed stable atT < 1200°C. At high pressures and/or lower temperatures δ-HfN−x forms a diffusion band which has a metallographic double-layer appearance because of the formation of hyperstoichiometric δ-HfN1 +x on δ-HfN1 −x.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1359-6454</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-2453</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/1359-6454(95)00438-6</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>ACTIVATION ENERGY ; ANNEALING ; ATOM TRANSPORT ; Cross-disciplinary physics: materials science; rheology ; DIFFUSION ; ELECTRON MICROPROBE ANALYSIS ; EQUILIBRIUM ; Exact sciences and technology ; HAFNIUM NITRIDES ; MATERIALS SCIENCE ; NITROGEN ; PHASE DIAGRAMS ; Phase diagrams and microstructures developed by solidification and solid-solid phase transformations ; Phase diagrams of other materials ; PHASE STUDIES ; Physics ; PRESSURE DEPENDENCE ; TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE ; VACANCIES</subject><ispartof>Acta Materialia, 1996-08, Vol.44 (8), p.3331-3338</ispartof><rights>1996 Acta Metallurgica Inc.</rights><rights>1996 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c390t-7750470cb5881a221d32e351801e1a79b212661ec41527cb95a66f26b1b47fac3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c390t-7750470cb5881a221d32e351801e1a79b212661ec41527cb95a66f26b1b47fac3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/1359645495004386$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,881,3537,27903,27904,65309</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=3263135$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.osti.gov/biblio/367339$$D View this record in Osti.gov$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Lengauer, W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rafaja, D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zehetner, G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ettmayer, P.</creatorcontrib><title>The hafnium-nitrogen system: Phase equilibria and nitrogen diffusivities obtained from diffusion couples</title><title>Acta Materialia</title><description>Hafnium sheet and wedges were annealed in nitrogen atmosphere at temperatures of 1160–1800°C and nitrogen pressures of 1–30 bar. Thein situ diffusion couples were used to study the phase equilibria in the Hf-N system and for the determination of nitrogen diffusivities in μ-Hf3N2 −x, ζ-Hf3N3 −x and δ-HfN1 −x. The activation energy of the nitrogen diffusion process is 2.7 eV in all three phases indicating an identical diffusion mechanism (migration via octahedral nitrogen vacancies). It is shown that wedge-type diffusion couples can be used to measure homogeneity regions of line compounds (e.g. by EPMA) more accurately. A corrected version of the hafnium-nitrogen phase diagram is presented which contains better information on the homogeneity ranges of μ-Hf3N2 −x and ζ-Hf4N3 −x. The present study showed that previous investigations which place the lower stability limit of ζ-Hf4N3 −x at around 1200°C were in error due to the low rate of layer growth of this phase by diffusion at low temperatures. ζ-Hf4N3 −x is indeed stable atT < 1200°C. At high pressures and/or lower temperatures δ-HfN−x forms a diffusion band which has a metallographic double-layer appearance because of the formation of hyperstoichiometric δ-HfN1 +x on δ-HfN1 −x.</description><subject>ACTIVATION ENERGY</subject><subject>ANNEALING</subject><subject>ATOM TRANSPORT</subject><subject>Cross-disciplinary physics: materials science; rheology</subject><subject>DIFFUSION</subject><subject>ELECTRON MICROPROBE ANALYSIS</subject><subject>EQUILIBRIUM</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>HAFNIUM NITRIDES</subject><subject>MATERIALS SCIENCE</subject><subject>NITROGEN</subject><subject>PHASE DIAGRAMS</subject><subject>Phase diagrams and microstructures developed by solidification and solid-solid phase transformations</subject><subject>Phase diagrams of other materials</subject><subject>PHASE STUDIES</subject><subject>Physics</subject><subject>PRESSURE DEPENDENCE</subject><subject>TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE</subject><subject>VACANCIES</subject><issn>1359-6454</issn><issn>1873-2453</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1996</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kE1r10AQh4MoWKvfwMMKIvYQ3fdNPBSk1Bco6KGel81m1qwku__ubAr99ib-2x49zcA8v5nhaZrXjH5glOmPTKi-1VLJ9706o1SKrtVPmhPWGdFyqcTTrX9AnjcvEP9QyriR9KSZricgkwsprkubYi35NySCd1hh-UR-Tg6BwM0a5ziU6IhLI3mkxhjCivE21ghI8lBdTDCSUPLyMMuJ-LweZsCXzbPgZoRX9_W0-fXl8vriW3v14-v3i89XrRc9ra0xikpD_aC6jjnO2Sg4CMU6yoA50w-cca0ZeMkUN37oldM6cD2wQZrgvDht3hz3ZqzRoo8V_ORzSuCrFdoI0W_MuyNzKPlmBax2iehhnl2CvKLlWm5XuNhAeQR9yYgFgj2UuLhyZxm1u3q7e7W7V9sr-0-91Vvs7f1-h97NobjkIz5mBddiy23Y-RGDzcdthLK_C8nDGMv-7Zjj_-_8BW_Bl9o</recordid><startdate>19960801</startdate><enddate>19960801</enddate><creator>Lengauer, W.</creator><creator>Rafaja, D.</creator><creator>Zehetner, G.</creator><creator>Ettmayer, P.</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><general>Elsevier Science</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>8BQ</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>OTOTI</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19960801</creationdate><title>The hafnium-nitrogen system: Phase equilibria and nitrogen diffusivities obtained from diffusion couples</title><author>Lengauer, W. ; Rafaja, D. ; Zehetner, G. ; Ettmayer, P.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c390t-7750470cb5881a221d32e351801e1a79b212661ec41527cb95a66f26b1b47fac3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1996</creationdate><topic>ACTIVATION ENERGY</topic><topic>ANNEALING</topic><topic>ATOM TRANSPORT</topic><topic>Cross-disciplinary physics: materials science; rheology</topic><topic>DIFFUSION</topic><topic>ELECTRON MICROPROBE ANALYSIS</topic><topic>EQUILIBRIUM</topic><topic>Exact sciences and technology</topic><topic>HAFNIUM NITRIDES</topic><topic>MATERIALS SCIENCE</topic><topic>NITROGEN</topic><topic>PHASE DIAGRAMS</topic><topic>Phase diagrams and microstructures developed by solidification and solid-solid phase transformations</topic><topic>Phase diagrams of other materials</topic><topic>PHASE STUDIES</topic><topic>Physics</topic><topic>PRESSURE DEPENDENCE</topic><topic>TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE</topic><topic>VACANCIES</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Lengauer, W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rafaja, D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zehetner, G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ettmayer, P.</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>METADEX</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>OSTI.GOV</collection><jtitle>Acta Materialia</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Lengauer, W.</au><au>Rafaja, D.</au><au>Zehetner, G.</au><au>Ettmayer, P.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The hafnium-nitrogen system: Phase equilibria and nitrogen diffusivities obtained from diffusion couples</atitle><jtitle>Acta Materialia</jtitle><date>1996-08-01</date><risdate>1996</risdate><volume>44</volume><issue>8</issue><spage>3331</spage><epage>3338</epage><pages>3331-3338</pages><issn>1359-6454</issn><eissn>1873-2453</eissn><abstract>Hafnium sheet and wedges were annealed in nitrogen atmosphere at temperatures of 1160–1800°C and nitrogen pressures of 1–30 bar. Thein situ diffusion couples were used to study the phase equilibria in the Hf-N system and for the determination of nitrogen diffusivities in μ-Hf3N2 −x, ζ-Hf3N3 −x and δ-HfN1 −x. The activation energy of the nitrogen diffusion process is 2.7 eV in all three phases indicating an identical diffusion mechanism (migration via octahedral nitrogen vacancies). It is shown that wedge-type diffusion couples can be used to measure homogeneity regions of line compounds (e.g. by EPMA) more accurately. A corrected version of the hafnium-nitrogen phase diagram is presented which contains better information on the homogeneity ranges of μ-Hf3N2 −x and ζ-Hf4N3 −x. The present study showed that previous investigations which place the lower stability limit of ζ-Hf4N3 −x at around 1200°C were in error due to the low rate of layer growth of this phase by diffusion at low temperatures. ζ-Hf4N3 −x is indeed stable atT < 1200°C. At high pressures and/or lower temperatures δ-HfN−x forms a diffusion band which has a metallographic double-layer appearance because of the formation of hyperstoichiometric δ-HfN1 +x on δ-HfN1 −x.</abstract><cop>Oxford</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><doi>10.1016/1359-6454(95)00438-6</doi><tpages>8</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1359-6454 |
| ispartof | Acta Materialia, 1996-08, Vol.44 (8), p.3331-3338 |
| issn | 1359-6454 1873-2453 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_26412623 |
| source | Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals |
| subjects | ACTIVATION ENERGY ANNEALING ATOM TRANSPORT Cross-disciplinary physics: materials science rheology DIFFUSION ELECTRON MICROPROBE ANALYSIS EQUILIBRIUM Exact sciences and technology HAFNIUM NITRIDES MATERIALS SCIENCE NITROGEN PHASE DIAGRAMS Phase diagrams and microstructures developed by solidification and solid-solid phase transformations Phase diagrams of other materials PHASE STUDIES Physics PRESSURE DEPENDENCE TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE VACANCIES |
| title | The hafnium-nitrogen system: Phase equilibria and nitrogen diffusivities obtained from diffusion couples |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-27T14%3A36%3A28IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_osti_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The%20hafnium-nitrogen%20system:%20Phase%20equilibria%20and%20nitrogen%20diffusivities%20obtained%20from%20diffusion%20couples&rft.jtitle=Acta%20Materialia&rft.au=Lengauer,%20W.&rft.date=1996-08-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=3331&rft.epage=3338&rft.pages=3331-3338&rft.issn=1359-6454&rft.eissn=1873-2453&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016/1359-6454(95)00438-6&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_osti_%3E26412623%3C/proquest_osti_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=26412623&rft_id=info:pmid/&rft_els_id=1359645495004386&rfr_iscdi=true |