Toxoplasmosis in a free‐ranging hairy dwarf porcupine (Sphiggurus spinosus) with a potential novel genotype
Toxoplasmosis is a zoonotic disease caused by the ubiquitous coccidia Toxoplasma gondii. Rodents play an important role in maintaining its life cycle, as they are one of the main diet sources for felids (wild and domestic), the unique definitive hosts. However, reports of toxoplasmosis in porcupines...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Transboundary and emerging diseases 2022-09, Vol.69 (5), p.e3225-e3230 |
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| creator | Santos, Alessandra Loureiro Morales dos Navas‐Suárez, Pedro Enrique Guerra, Juliana Mariotti Ervedosa, Ticiana Brasil Rivas, Luana Joppert, Adriana Machado, Eduardo Ferreira Ressio, Rodrigo Albergaria Jesus, Isis Paixão de Carvalho, Julia de Matsumoto, Patricia Sayuri Silvestre Figueiredo, Ketlyn Bolsachini Catão‐Dias, José Luiz Fernandes, Natália Coelho Couto de Azevedo |
| description | Toxoplasmosis is a zoonotic disease caused by the ubiquitous coccidia Toxoplasma gondii. Rodents play an important role in maintaining its life cycle, as they are one of the main diet sources for felids (wild and domestic), the unique definitive hosts. However, reports of toxoplasmosis in porcupines (Order Rodentia) are uncommon, with gaps concerning its pathophysiology. South America is the continent with the greatest genetic diversity of rodents and T. gondii. A free‐ranging hairy dwarf porcupine was admitted to a wildlife rescue centre with a history of trauma. During rehabilitation, the animal presented neurological symptoms (sporadic episodes of hind limbs paresis) and died 5 months later. The main findings during necropsy were brain congestion and severe incisor overgrowth associated with maxillary perforation. The histopathological exam showed moderate encephalitis, with variable‐sized round cysts, positive for PAS stain and immunohistochemistry for T. gondii. Additionally, two cysts were observed in the medulla of the adrenal gland. Molecular techniques were performed to characterize the parasite load by qPCR (Cq = 30) and the genotype by PCR‐RFLP with 11 markers, which revealed a potential new genotype. This case adds to the body of knowledge in comparative pathology of Neotropical Rodentia and reports a new potential genotype circulating in South America. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/tbed.14487 |
| format | Article |
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Rodents play an important role in maintaining its life cycle, as they are one of the main diet sources for felids (wild and domestic), the unique definitive hosts. However, reports of toxoplasmosis in porcupines (Order Rodentia) are uncommon, with gaps concerning its pathophysiology. South America is the continent with the greatest genetic diversity of rodents and T. gondii. A free‐ranging hairy dwarf porcupine was admitted to a wildlife rescue centre with a history of trauma. During rehabilitation, the animal presented neurological symptoms (sporadic episodes of hind limbs paresis) and died 5 months later. The main findings during necropsy were brain congestion and severe incisor overgrowth associated with maxillary perforation. The histopathological exam showed moderate encephalitis, with variable‐sized round cysts, positive for PAS stain and immunohistochemistry for T. gondii. Additionally, two cysts were observed in the medulla of the adrenal gland. Molecular techniques were performed to characterize the parasite load by qPCR (Cq = 30) and the genotype by PCR‐RFLP with 11 markers, which revealed a potential new genotype. This case adds to the body of knowledge in comparative pathology of Neotropical Rodentia and reports a new potential genotype circulating in South America.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1865-1674</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1865-1682</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/tbed.14487</identifier><identifier>PMID: 35196418</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Germany: Hindawi Limited</publisher><subject>Adrenal glands ; Animals ; Animals, Wild - parasitology ; Cysts ; Encephalitis ; Felidae ; Genetic diversity ; Genotype ; Genotype & phenotype ; Genotypes ; Immunohistochemistry ; Life cycles ; Medulla oblongata ; Necropsy ; Parasites ; Paresis ; Porcupines ; Protozoa ; Rehabilitation ; Rodentia ; Rodents ; Signs and symptoms ; Sphiggurus spinosus ; Toxoplasma - genetics ; Toxoplasma gondii ; Toxoplasmosis ; Toxoplasmosis, Animal - parasitology ; Trauma ; Wildlife ; Zoonoses</subject><ispartof>Transboundary and emerging diseases, 2022-09, Vol.69 (5), p.e3225-e3230</ispartof><rights>2022 Wiley‐VCH GmbH</rights><rights>2022 Wiley-VCH GmbH.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3527-54f1a0ebb4be066275f2fae5c2077d559c67d77240e96751faa4029c9cab0b9d3</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-1385-901X ; 0000-0001-7395-0267 ; 0000-0002-0326-7187</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Ftbed.14487$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Ftbed.14487$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,1411,27901,27902,45550,45551</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35196418$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Santos, Alessandra Loureiro Morales dos</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Navas‐Suárez, Pedro Enrique</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Guerra, Juliana Mariotti</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ervedosa, Ticiana Brasil</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rivas, Luana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Joppert, Adriana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Machado, Eduardo Ferreira</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ressio, Rodrigo Albergaria</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jesus, Isis Paixão de</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Carvalho, Julia de</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Matsumoto, Patricia Sayuri Silvestre</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Figueiredo, Ketlyn Bolsachini</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Catão‐Dias, José Luiz</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fernandes, Natália Coelho Couto de Azevedo</creatorcontrib><title>Toxoplasmosis in a free‐ranging hairy dwarf porcupine (Sphiggurus spinosus) with a potential novel genotype</title><title>Transboundary and emerging diseases</title><addtitle>Transbound Emerg Dis</addtitle><description>Toxoplasmosis is a zoonotic disease caused by the ubiquitous coccidia Toxoplasma gondii. Rodents play an important role in maintaining its life cycle, as they are one of the main diet sources for felids (wild and domestic), the unique definitive hosts. However, reports of toxoplasmosis in porcupines (Order Rodentia) are uncommon, with gaps concerning its pathophysiology. South America is the continent with the greatest genetic diversity of rodents and T. gondii. A free‐ranging hairy dwarf porcupine was admitted to a wildlife rescue centre with a history of trauma. During rehabilitation, the animal presented neurological symptoms (sporadic episodes of hind limbs paresis) and died 5 months later. The main findings during necropsy were brain congestion and severe incisor overgrowth associated with maxillary perforation. The histopathological exam showed moderate encephalitis, with variable‐sized round cysts, positive for PAS stain and immunohistochemistry for T. gondii. Additionally, two cysts were observed in the medulla of the adrenal gland. Molecular techniques were performed to characterize the parasite load by qPCR (Cq = 30) and the genotype by PCR‐RFLP with 11 markers, which revealed a potential new genotype. This case adds to the body of knowledge in comparative pathology of Neotropical Rodentia and reports a new potential genotype circulating in South America.</description><subject>Adrenal glands</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Animals, Wild - parasitology</subject><subject>Cysts</subject><subject>Encephalitis</subject><subject>Felidae</subject><subject>Genetic diversity</subject><subject>Genotype</subject><subject>Genotype & phenotype</subject><subject>Genotypes</subject><subject>Immunohistochemistry</subject><subject>Life cycles</subject><subject>Medulla oblongata</subject><subject>Necropsy</subject><subject>Parasites</subject><subject>Paresis</subject><subject>Porcupines</subject><subject>Protozoa</subject><subject>Rehabilitation</subject><subject>Rodentia</subject><subject>Rodents</subject><subject>Signs and symptoms</subject><subject>Sphiggurus spinosus</subject><subject>Toxoplasma - genetics</subject><subject>Toxoplasma gondii</subject><subject>Toxoplasmosis</subject><subject>Toxoplasmosis, Animal - parasitology</subject><subject>Trauma</subject><subject>Wildlife</subject><subject>Zoonoses</subject><issn>1865-1674</issn><issn>1865-1682</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kc9O3DAQhy1UxG6hlz5AZakXirRge2M7PpY_BaSVOLA9W04yyRoldmonXfbGI_QZ-yT1stADB-Yyo9GnT6P5IfSZklOa6mwooDqlWZbLPTSlueAzKnL24f8sswn6GOMDIYIowQ_QZM6pEhnNp6hb-kfftyZ2PtqIrcMG1wHg79OfYFxjXYNXxoYNrtYm1Lj3oRx76wAf3_cr2zRjGCOOaePjGL_htR1WydD7AdxgTYud_w0tbsD5YdPDEdqvTRvh00s_RD9_XC0vbmaLu-vbi--LWTnnTM54VlNDoCiyAogQTPKa1QZ4yYiUFeeqFLKSkmUElJCc1sZkhKlSlaYgharmh-h45-2D_zVCHHRnYwltaxz4MWom5iynlBOR0K9v0Ac_Bpeu00xSyZVSgiXqZEeVwccYoNZ9sJ0JG02J3oagtyHo5xAS_OVFORZd2r6ir19PAN0Ba9vC5h2VXp5fXe6k_wCFL5PY</recordid><startdate>202209</startdate><enddate>202209</enddate><creator>Santos, Alessandra Loureiro Morales dos</creator><creator>Navas‐Suárez, Pedro Enrique</creator><creator>Guerra, Juliana Mariotti</creator><creator>Ervedosa, Ticiana Brasil</creator><creator>Rivas, Luana</creator><creator>Joppert, Adriana</creator><creator>Machado, Eduardo Ferreira</creator><creator>Ressio, Rodrigo Albergaria</creator><creator>Jesus, Isis Paixão de</creator><creator>Carvalho, Julia de</creator><creator>Matsumoto, Patricia Sayuri Silvestre</creator><creator>Figueiredo, Ketlyn Bolsachini</creator><creator>Catão‐Dias, José Luiz</creator><creator>Fernandes, Natália Coelho Couto de Azevedo</creator><general>Hindawi Limited</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1385-901X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7395-0267</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0326-7187</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202209</creationdate><title>Toxoplasmosis in a free‐ranging hairy dwarf porcupine (Sphiggurus spinosus) with a potential novel genotype</title><author>Santos, Alessandra Loureiro Morales dos ; 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Rodents play an important role in maintaining its life cycle, as they are one of the main diet sources for felids (wild and domestic), the unique definitive hosts. However, reports of toxoplasmosis in porcupines (Order Rodentia) are uncommon, with gaps concerning its pathophysiology. South America is the continent with the greatest genetic diversity of rodents and T. gondii. A free‐ranging hairy dwarf porcupine was admitted to a wildlife rescue centre with a history of trauma. During rehabilitation, the animal presented neurological symptoms (sporadic episodes of hind limbs paresis) and died 5 months later. The main findings during necropsy were brain congestion and severe incisor overgrowth associated with maxillary perforation. The histopathological exam showed moderate encephalitis, with variable‐sized round cysts, positive for PAS stain and immunohistochemistry for T. gondii. Additionally, two cysts were observed in the medulla of the adrenal gland. Molecular techniques were performed to characterize the parasite load by qPCR (Cq = 30) and the genotype by PCR‐RFLP with 11 markers, which revealed a potential new genotype. This case adds to the body of knowledge in comparative pathology of Neotropical Rodentia and reports a new potential genotype circulating in South America.</abstract><cop>Germany</cop><pub>Hindawi Limited</pub><pmid>35196418</pmid><doi>10.1111/tbed.14487</doi><tpages>6</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1385-901X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7395-0267</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0326-7187</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Transboundary and emerging diseases, 2022-09, Vol.69 (5), p.e3225-e3230 |
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| source | MEDLINE; Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete |
| subjects | Adrenal glands Animals Animals, Wild - parasitology Cysts Encephalitis Felidae Genetic diversity Genotype Genotype & phenotype Genotypes Immunohistochemistry Life cycles Medulla oblongata Necropsy Parasites Paresis Porcupines Protozoa Rehabilitation Rodentia Rodents Signs and symptoms Sphiggurus spinosus Toxoplasma - genetics Toxoplasma gondii Toxoplasmosis Toxoplasmosis, Animal - parasitology Trauma Wildlife Zoonoses |
| title | Toxoplasmosis in a free‐ranging hairy dwarf porcupine (Sphiggurus spinosus) with a potential novel genotype |
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