Polypeptide Radical Cathode for Aqueous Zn‐Ion Battery with Two‐Electron Storage and Faster Charging Rate

The rapidly growing demand for batteries has led to a lack of global mineral resources and rechargeable organic batteries are paid extensive attention, owing to the abundance resources, light weight, and high flexibility of organic electrodes. However, most organic electrodes that use aliphatic back...

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Veröffentlicht in:ChemSusChem 2022-04, Vol.15 (7), p.e202102710-n/a
Hauptverfasser: Deng, Yongqi, Teng, Changchang, Wu, Yihan, Zhang, Kefu, Yan, Lifeng
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container_issue 7
container_start_page e202102710
container_title ChemSusChem
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creator Deng, Yongqi
Teng, Changchang
Wu, Yihan
Zhang, Kefu
Yan, Lifeng
description The rapidly growing demand for batteries has led to a lack of global mineral resources and rechargeable organic batteries are paid extensive attention, owing to the abundance resources, light weight, and high flexibility of organic electrodes. However, most organic electrodes that use aliphatic backbones are nondegradable, leading to unsustainability when active sites fail. In this study, a poly(aspartic acid) polypeptide (PASP) with amide links in the backbone and nitroxide radical pendant groups in the side chains is synthesized by modifying the polypeptides with 4‐amino‐2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidine. In combination with a Zn anode, the PASP‐TEMPO composite electrode exhibits rapid charge–discharge and superior cycling stability with reversible two‐electron redox reaction in aqueous electrolyte. The Zn/PASP‐TEMPO organic radical battery delivers a discharge capacity of around 80 mAh g−1 by two‐electron reaction and charge–discharge rates of up to 18 A g−1. Because the redox reaction process of the nitroxyl radical turning into oxoammonium follows a p‐type mechanism that interacts with an anion, three electrolytes with different anions are tested in the Zn/PASP‐TEMPO organic radical battery. Experimental results indicate that discharge plateau voltage is tunable by choosing different zinc salts as electrolytes. Capacity retention of up to 97.4 % after 500 cycles is realized in 1 m ZnClO4 electrolyte, which can be attributed to the adjacent reaction potentials of the two‐step one‐electron reaction. Double the discharge: A polypeptide electrode with nitroxide radical pendant groups is synthesized and aqueous Zn‐organic radical dual‐ion batteries are fabricated, consisting of the polypeptide cathode and a Zn anode. Double discharge capacity (ca. 80 mAh g−1) and capacity retention of up to 97.4 % after 500 cycles are realized in 1 m Zn(ClO4)2 electrolyte.
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However, most organic electrodes that use aliphatic backbones are nondegradable, leading to unsustainability when active sites fail. In this study, a poly(aspartic acid) polypeptide (PASP) with amide links in the backbone and nitroxide radical pendant groups in the side chains is synthesized by modifying the polypeptides with 4‐amino‐2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidine. In combination with a Zn anode, the PASP‐TEMPO composite electrode exhibits rapid charge–discharge and superior cycling stability with reversible two‐electron redox reaction in aqueous electrolyte. The Zn/PASP‐TEMPO organic radical battery delivers a discharge capacity of around 80 mAh g−1 by two‐electron reaction and charge–discharge rates of up to 18 A g−1. Because the redox reaction process of the nitroxyl radical turning into oxoammonium follows a p‐type mechanism that interacts with an anion, three electrolytes with different anions are tested in the Zn/PASP‐TEMPO organic radical battery. Experimental results indicate that discharge plateau voltage is tunable by choosing different zinc salts as electrolytes. Capacity retention of up to 97.4 % after 500 cycles is realized in 1 m ZnClO4 electrolyte, which can be attributed to the adjacent reaction potentials of the two‐step one‐electron reaction. Double the discharge: A polypeptide electrode with nitroxide radical pendant groups is synthesized and aqueous Zn‐organic radical dual‐ion batteries are fabricated, consisting of the polypeptide cathode and a Zn anode. Double discharge capacity (ca. 80 mAh g−1) and capacity retention of up to 97.4 % after 500 cycles are realized in 1 m Zn(ClO4)2 electrolyte.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1864-5631</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1864-564X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202102710</identifier><identifier>PMID: 35191200</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Germany: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</publisher><subject>Anions ; Aqueous electrolytes ; Aspartic acid ; Charging ; Discharge ; electrode materials ; Electrodes ; Electrolytes ; Electrolytes - chemistry ; Electrons ; Mineral resources ; organic batteries ; Peptides ; Polypeptides ; radicals ; Rechargeable batteries ; Redox reactions ; Storage batteries ; Water - chemistry ; Weight reduction ; Zinc ; Zinc salts</subject><ispartof>ChemSusChem, 2022-04, Vol.15 (7), p.e202102710-n/a</ispartof><rights>2022 Wiley‐VCH GmbH</rights><rights>2022 Wiley-VCH GmbH.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3730-9f32a80b8315ca909ad0abca2aad8667691bb3a5e627633d557878a5091738563</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3730-9f32a80b8315ca909ad0abca2aad8667691bb3a5e627633d557878a5091738563</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-6063-270X</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002%2Fcssc.202102710$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002%2Fcssc.202102710$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1417,27924,27925,45574,45575</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35191200$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Deng, Yongqi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Teng, Changchang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wu, Yihan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Kefu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yan, Lifeng</creatorcontrib><title>Polypeptide Radical Cathode for Aqueous Zn‐Ion Battery with Two‐Electron Storage and Faster Charging Rate</title><title>ChemSusChem</title><addtitle>ChemSusChem</addtitle><description>The rapidly growing demand for batteries has led to a lack of global mineral resources and rechargeable organic batteries are paid extensive attention, owing to the abundance resources, light weight, and high flexibility of organic electrodes. 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Experimental results indicate that discharge plateau voltage is tunable by choosing different zinc salts as electrolytes. Capacity retention of up to 97.4 % after 500 cycles is realized in 1 m ZnClO4 electrolyte, which can be attributed to the adjacent reaction potentials of the two‐step one‐electron reaction. Double the discharge: A polypeptide electrode with nitroxide radical pendant groups is synthesized and aqueous Zn‐organic radical dual‐ion batteries are fabricated, consisting of the polypeptide cathode and a Zn anode. Double discharge capacity (ca. 80 mAh g−1) and capacity retention of up to 97.4 % after 500 cycles are realized in 1 m Zn(ClO4)2 electrolyte.</description><subject>Anions</subject><subject>Aqueous electrolytes</subject><subject>Aspartic acid</subject><subject>Charging</subject><subject>Discharge</subject><subject>electrode materials</subject><subject>Electrodes</subject><subject>Electrolytes</subject><subject>Electrolytes - chemistry</subject><subject>Electrons</subject><subject>Mineral resources</subject><subject>organic batteries</subject><subject>Peptides</subject><subject>Polypeptides</subject><subject>radicals</subject><subject>Rechargeable batteries</subject><subject>Redox reactions</subject><subject>Storage batteries</subject><subject>Water - chemistry</subject><subject>Weight reduction</subject><subject>Zinc</subject><subject>Zinc salts</subject><issn>1864-5631</issn><issn>1864-564X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkctOGzEUhq2qVbmUbZeVpW7YJD22Y4-9pCMoSEigBiTEZnTG4ySDJuNgO4qy4xH6jDwJjgJB6oaVb58_nXN-Qr4zGDIA_svGaIccOANeMPhE9plWo4FUo7vPu71ge-QgxgcABUapr2RPSGYYB9gn82vfrRdukdrG0b_YtBY7WmKa-Xye-EBPHpfOLyO975-f_l34nv7GlFxY01WbZvRm5fP1aedsCvltnHzAqaPYN_QMY-ZoOcMwbftplif3jXyZYBfd0et6SG7PTm_K88Hl1Z-L8uRyYEUhYGAmgqOGWgsmLRow2ADWFjlio5UqlGF1LVA6xQslRCNloQuNEgwrhM4NH5LjrXcRfK4_pmreRuu6DvtNMxXPM9FKSLFBf_6HPvhl6HN1mRoVikltTKaGW8oGH2Nwk2oR2jmGdcWg2gRRbYKodkHkDz9etct67pod_jb5DJgtsGo7t_5AV5XjcfkufwFF45Vx</recordid><startdate>20220407</startdate><enddate>20220407</enddate><creator>Deng, Yongqi</creator><creator>Teng, Changchang</creator><creator>Wu, Yihan</creator><creator>Zhang, Kefu</creator><creator>Yan, Lifeng</creator><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>8BQ</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6063-270X</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20220407</creationdate><title>Polypeptide Radical Cathode for Aqueous Zn‐Ion Battery with Two‐Electron Storage and Faster Charging Rate</title><author>Deng, Yongqi ; 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However, most organic electrodes that use aliphatic backbones are nondegradable, leading to unsustainability when active sites fail. In this study, a poly(aspartic acid) polypeptide (PASP) with amide links in the backbone and nitroxide radical pendant groups in the side chains is synthesized by modifying the polypeptides with 4‐amino‐2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidine. In combination with a Zn anode, the PASP‐TEMPO composite electrode exhibits rapid charge–discharge and superior cycling stability with reversible two‐electron redox reaction in aqueous electrolyte. The Zn/PASP‐TEMPO organic radical battery delivers a discharge capacity of around 80 mAh g−1 by two‐electron reaction and charge–discharge rates of up to 18 A g−1. Because the redox reaction process of the nitroxyl radical turning into oxoammonium follows a p‐type mechanism that interacts with an anion, three electrolytes with different anions are tested in the Zn/PASP‐TEMPO organic radical battery. Experimental results indicate that discharge plateau voltage is tunable by choosing different zinc salts as electrolytes. Capacity retention of up to 97.4 % after 500 cycles is realized in 1 m ZnClO4 electrolyte, which can be attributed to the adjacent reaction potentials of the two‐step one‐electron reaction. Double the discharge: A polypeptide electrode with nitroxide radical pendant groups is synthesized and aqueous Zn‐organic radical dual‐ion batteries are fabricated, consisting of the polypeptide cathode and a Zn anode. Double discharge capacity (ca. 80 mAh g−1) and capacity retention of up to 97.4 % after 500 cycles are realized in 1 m Zn(ClO4)2 electrolyte.</abstract><cop>Germany</cop><pub>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</pub><pmid>35191200</pmid><doi>10.1002/cssc.202102710</doi><tpages>9</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6063-270X</orcidid></addata></record>
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subjects Anions
Aqueous electrolytes
Aspartic acid
Charging
Discharge
electrode materials
Electrodes
Electrolytes
Electrolytes - chemistry
Electrons
Mineral resources
organic batteries
Peptides
Polypeptides
radicals
Rechargeable batteries
Redox reactions
Storage batteries
Water - chemistry
Weight reduction
Zinc
Zinc salts
title Polypeptide Radical Cathode for Aqueous Zn‐Ion Battery with Two‐Electron Storage and Faster Charging Rate
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