The Role of Endoplasmic Reticulum and Mitochondria in Maintaining Redox Status and Glycolytic Metabolism in Pluripotent Stem Cells

Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), including embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), can be applicable for regenerative medicine. They strangely rely on glycolysis metabolism akin to aerobic glycolysis in cancer cells. Upon differentiation, PSCs undergo a metabolic shift from gl...

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Veröffentlicht in:Stem cell reviews and reports 2022-06, Vol.18 (5), p.1789-1808
Hauptverfasser: Babaei-Abraki, Shahnaz, Karamali, Fereshteh, Nasr-Esfahani, Mohammad Hossein
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Karamali, Fereshteh
Nasr-Esfahani, Mohammad Hossein
description Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), including embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), can be applicable for regenerative medicine. They strangely rely on glycolysis metabolism akin to aerobic glycolysis in cancer cells. Upon differentiation, PSCs undergo a metabolic shift from glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). The metabolic shift depends on organelles maturation, transcriptome modification, and metabolic switching. Besides, metabolism-driven chromatin regulation is necessary for cell survival, self-renewal, proliferation, senescence, and differentiation. In this respect, mitochondria may serve as key organelle to adapt environmental changes with metabolic intermediates which are necessary for maintaining PSCs identity. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is another organelle whose role in cellular identity remains under-explored. The purpose of our article is to highlight the recent progress on these two organelles’ role in maintaining PSCs redox status focusing on metabolism. Topics include redox status, metabolism regulation, mitochondrial dynamics, and ER stress in PSCs. They relate to the maintenance of stem cell properties and subsequent differentiation of stem cells into specific cell types. Graphical abstract
doi_str_mv 10.1007/s12015-022-10338-8
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subjects Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering
Cell Biology
Cell differentiation
Cell self-renewal
Cell survival
Chromatin
Embryo cells
Endoplasmic reticulum
Environmental changes
Glycolysis
Intermediates
Life Sciences
Metabolism
Mitochondria
Organelles
Oxidative phosphorylation
Phosphorylation
Pluripotency
Regenerative medicine
Regenerative Medicine/Tissue Engineering
Senescence
Stem Cells
Transcriptomes
title The Role of Endoplasmic Reticulum and Mitochondria in Maintaining Redox Status and Glycolytic Metabolism in Pluripotent Stem Cells
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