Spatial distribution of physicochemical-bacteriological parametric quality and water quality index of Gomti River, India
Surface water bodies are vital source of water for human consumption, domestic needs, agriculture, industrial activities, and also for aquatic life and ecosystems. In this study, a stretch of river Gomti was studied at 5 sites in Lucknow for two consecutive seasons during 2019. The physicochemical-b...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Environmental monitoring and assessment 2022-03, Vol.194 (3), p.159-159, Article 159 |
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| description | Surface water bodies are vital source of water for human consumption, domestic needs, agriculture, industrial activities, and also for aquatic life and ecosystems. In this study, a stretch of river Gomti was studied at 5 sites in Lucknow for two consecutive seasons during 2019. The physicochemical-bacteriological parameters of water and sediment samples were analyzed, followed by multivariate statistics. Mean values of pH, turbidity, EC, TS, TDS, TSS, DO, BOD, COD, nitrate, phosphate, sulfate, total alkalinity, total hardness, chloride, and fluoride during the pre-monsoon period were 7.4 ± 0.2, 5.2 ± 3.3 (NTU), 444.4 ± 97.4 (µS/cm), 274.6 ± 61.6, 254.3 ± 50.2, 21.9 ± 11, 5.4 ± 1.6, 10.2 ± 5.9, 31.2 ± 13.3, 1.2 ± 0.5, 1.7 ± 1.1, 25.9 ± 3.7, 204 ± 41.8, 146.2 ± 11.5, 15.5 ± 8.7, and 0.5 ± 0.1 mg/l, respectively. The corresponding values during the post-monsoon season were 7.5 ± 0.2, 5.5 ± 3.2 (NTU), 436 ± 75.1 (µS/cm), 273.7 ± 124.2, 209.7 ± 82.5, 63.9 ± 43.4, 5.6 ± 1.6, 15.8 ± 8.9, 39.2 ± 23.5, 5.4 ± 4.6, 1.4 ± 0.9, 25.5 ± 5, 199.2 ± 36.6, 134 ± 8.6, 20.2 ± 8.9, and 1.7 ± 0.2 mg/l, respectively. Concentration of pollutants significantly increased by 5–15% from sampling station S1 (upstream) to S5 (downstream). Enumerations of fecal coliform and
Escherichia coli
bacteria were low at S1 but significantly higher at the S5 site. WQI ranged from 88 to 345 during pre-monsoon and 159 to 422 during post-monsoon period, indicating poor water quality which was unsuitable for drinking purposes. Strong positive correlations (≥ 0.9) were observed among pH, chloride, phosphate, sulfate, turbidity, conductivity, TS, TDS, BOD, and COD for water samples during both seasons. The data reveals that pollution load increases gradually from upstream to downstream due to the increasing discharge of raw sewage. Regulatory bodies should formulate strict regulations and ensure their implementation for the protection and management of river water quality. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s10661-022-09814-y |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2626890262</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2626890262</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c375t-435d549299f0081124574b615c9dabcd8e802e5330b84cfc28b1de627653dea63</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kU1vFSEUhonR2Gv1D7gwJG5ciB5gYGBpGlubNDHxY00YYFqamWEKM9r59-X21pq4cHUCPO97SB6EXlP4QAHaj4WClJQAYwS0og3ZnqAdFS0nTAv9FO2AypZILvURelHKNQDottHP0REXlHMB7Q7dfp_tEu2AfSxLjt26xDTh1OP5aivRJXcVxujsQDrrlpBjGtLl_oxnm-0YasThm9UOcdmwnTz-bSv1eBMnH273bWdpXCL-Fn-F_B6fTz7al-hZb4cSXj3MY_Tz9POPky_k4uvZ-cmnC-J4KxbScOFFo5nWPYCilDWibTpJhdPeds6roIAFwTl0qnG9Y6qjPkjWSsF9sJIfo3eH3jmnmzWUxYyxuDAMdgppLYZJJpWGOir69h_0Oq15qr-7pxolFaeVYgfK5VRKDr2Zcxxt3gwFs_diDl5M9WLuvZitht48VK_dGPxj5I-ICvADUOrTdBny393_qb0DhfeaKQ</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2626486831</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Spatial distribution of physicochemical-bacteriological parametric quality and water quality index of Gomti River, India</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>SpringerLink Journals</source><creator>Kumar, Ankit ; Bojjagani, Sreekanth ; Maurya, Annapurna ; Kisku, Ganesh Chandra</creator><creatorcontrib>Kumar, Ankit ; Bojjagani, Sreekanth ; Maurya, Annapurna ; Kisku, Ganesh Chandra</creatorcontrib><description>Surface water bodies are vital source of water for human consumption, domestic needs, agriculture, industrial activities, and also for aquatic life and ecosystems. In this study, a stretch of river Gomti was studied at 5 sites in Lucknow for two consecutive seasons during 2019. The physicochemical-bacteriological parameters of water and sediment samples were analyzed, followed by multivariate statistics. Mean values of pH, turbidity, EC, TS, TDS, TSS, DO, BOD, COD, nitrate, phosphate, sulfate, total alkalinity, total hardness, chloride, and fluoride during the pre-monsoon period were 7.4 ± 0.2, 5.2 ± 3.3 (NTU), 444.4 ± 97.4 (µS/cm), 274.6 ± 61.6, 254.3 ± 50.2, 21.9 ± 11, 5.4 ± 1.6, 10.2 ± 5.9, 31.2 ± 13.3, 1.2 ± 0.5, 1.7 ± 1.1, 25.9 ± 3.7, 204 ± 41.8, 146.2 ± 11.5, 15.5 ± 8.7, and 0.5 ± 0.1 mg/l, respectively. The corresponding values during the post-monsoon season were 7.5 ± 0.2, 5.5 ± 3.2 (NTU), 436 ± 75.1 (µS/cm), 273.7 ± 124.2, 209.7 ± 82.5, 63.9 ± 43.4, 5.6 ± 1.6, 15.8 ± 8.9, 39.2 ± 23.5, 5.4 ± 4.6, 1.4 ± 0.9, 25.5 ± 5, 199.2 ± 36.6, 134 ± 8.6, 20.2 ± 8.9, and 1.7 ± 0.2 mg/l, respectively. Concentration of pollutants significantly increased by 5–15% from sampling station S1 (upstream) to S5 (downstream). Enumerations of fecal coliform and
Escherichia coli
bacteria were low at S1 but significantly higher at the S5 site. WQI ranged from 88 to 345 during pre-monsoon and 159 to 422 during post-monsoon period, indicating poor water quality which was unsuitable for drinking purposes. Strong positive correlations (≥ 0.9) were observed among pH, chloride, phosphate, sulfate, turbidity, conductivity, TS, TDS, BOD, and COD for water samples during both seasons. The data reveals that pollution load increases gradually from upstream to downstream due to the increasing discharge of raw sewage. Regulatory bodies should formulate strict regulations and ensure their implementation for the protection and management of river water quality.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0167-6369</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1573-2959</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-09814-y</identifier><identifier>PMID: 35133507</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cham: Springer International Publishing</publisher><subject>Agriculture ; Alkalinity ; Aquatic ecosystems ; Aquatic organisms ; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution ; Chlorides ; Coliforms ; Downstream ; E coli ; Earth and Environmental Science ; Ecology ; Ecosystem ; Ecotoxicology ; Environment ; Environmental Management ; Environmental Monitoring ; Environmental science ; Fluorides ; Fresh Water ; Humans ; India ; Industrial areas ; Monitoring/Environmental Analysis ; Monsoons ; Multivariate analysis ; pH effects ; Phosphates ; Pollutant load ; Pollutants ; Pollution load ; Raw sewage ; River water ; River water quality ; Rivers ; Seasons ; Sediment samplers ; Sediment samples ; Sewage ; Spatial distribution ; Statistical methods ; Sulfates ; Surface water ; Turbidity ; Upstream ; Water analysis ; Water bodies ; Water hardness ; Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis ; Water Quality ; Water sampling ; Wind</subject><ispartof>Environmental monitoring and assessment, 2022-03, Vol.194 (3), p.159-159, Article 159</ispartof><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022</rights><rights>2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.</rights><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c375t-435d549299f0081124574b615c9dabcd8e802e5330b84cfc28b1de627653dea63</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c375t-435d549299f0081124574b615c9dabcd8e802e5330b84cfc28b1de627653dea63</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10661-022-09814-y$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10661-022-09814-y$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,777,781,27905,27906,41469,42538,51300</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35133507$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Kumar, Ankit</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bojjagani, Sreekanth</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Maurya, Annapurna</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kisku, Ganesh Chandra</creatorcontrib><title>Spatial distribution of physicochemical-bacteriological parametric quality and water quality index of Gomti River, India</title><title>Environmental monitoring and assessment</title><addtitle>Environ Monit Assess</addtitle><addtitle>Environ Monit Assess</addtitle><description>Surface water bodies are vital source of water for human consumption, domestic needs, agriculture, industrial activities, and also for aquatic life and ecosystems. In this study, a stretch of river Gomti was studied at 5 sites in Lucknow for two consecutive seasons during 2019. The physicochemical-bacteriological parameters of water and sediment samples were analyzed, followed by multivariate statistics. Mean values of pH, turbidity, EC, TS, TDS, TSS, DO, BOD, COD, nitrate, phosphate, sulfate, total alkalinity, total hardness, chloride, and fluoride during the pre-monsoon period were 7.4 ± 0.2, 5.2 ± 3.3 (NTU), 444.4 ± 97.4 (µS/cm), 274.6 ± 61.6, 254.3 ± 50.2, 21.9 ± 11, 5.4 ± 1.6, 10.2 ± 5.9, 31.2 ± 13.3, 1.2 ± 0.5, 1.7 ± 1.1, 25.9 ± 3.7, 204 ± 41.8, 146.2 ± 11.5, 15.5 ± 8.7, and 0.5 ± 0.1 mg/l, respectively. The corresponding values during the post-monsoon season were 7.5 ± 0.2, 5.5 ± 3.2 (NTU), 436 ± 75.1 (µS/cm), 273.7 ± 124.2, 209.7 ± 82.5, 63.9 ± 43.4, 5.6 ± 1.6, 15.8 ± 8.9, 39.2 ± 23.5, 5.4 ± 4.6, 1.4 ± 0.9, 25.5 ± 5, 199.2 ± 36.6, 134 ± 8.6, 20.2 ± 8.9, and 1.7 ± 0.2 mg/l, respectively. Concentration of pollutants significantly increased by 5–15% from sampling station S1 (upstream) to S5 (downstream). Enumerations of fecal coliform and
Escherichia coli
bacteria were low at S1 but significantly higher at the S5 site. WQI ranged from 88 to 345 during pre-monsoon and 159 to 422 during post-monsoon period, indicating poor water quality which was unsuitable for drinking purposes. Strong positive correlations (≥ 0.9) were observed among pH, chloride, phosphate, sulfate, turbidity, conductivity, TS, TDS, BOD, and COD for water samples during both seasons. The data reveals that pollution load increases gradually from upstream to downstream due to the increasing discharge of raw sewage. Regulatory bodies should formulate strict regulations and ensure their implementation for the protection and management of river water quality.</description><subject>Agriculture</subject><subject>Alkalinity</subject><subject>Aquatic ecosystems</subject><subject>Aquatic organisms</subject><subject>Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution</subject><subject>Chlorides</subject><subject>Coliforms</subject><subject>Downstream</subject><subject>E coli</subject><subject>Earth and Environmental Science</subject><subject>Ecology</subject><subject>Ecosystem</subject><subject>Ecotoxicology</subject><subject>Environment</subject><subject>Environmental Management</subject><subject>Environmental Monitoring</subject><subject>Environmental science</subject><subject>Fluorides</subject><subject>Fresh Water</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>India</subject><subject>Industrial areas</subject><subject>Monitoring/Environmental Analysis</subject><subject>Monsoons</subject><subject>Multivariate analysis</subject><subject>pH effects</subject><subject>Phosphates</subject><subject>Pollutant load</subject><subject>Pollutants</subject><subject>Pollution load</subject><subject>Raw sewage</subject><subject>River water</subject><subject>River water quality</subject><subject>Rivers</subject><subject>Seasons</subject><subject>Sediment samplers</subject><subject>Sediment samples</subject><subject>Sewage</subject><subject>Spatial distribution</subject><subject>Statistical methods</subject><subject>Sulfates</subject><subject>Surface water</subject><subject>Turbidity</subject><subject>Upstream</subject><subject>Water analysis</subject><subject>Water bodies</subject><subject>Water hardness</subject><subject>Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis</subject><subject>Water Quality</subject><subject>Water sampling</subject><subject>Wind</subject><issn>0167-6369</issn><issn>1573-2959</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kU1vFSEUhonR2Gv1D7gwJG5ciB5gYGBpGlubNDHxY00YYFqamWEKM9r59-X21pq4cHUCPO97SB6EXlP4QAHaj4WClJQAYwS0og3ZnqAdFS0nTAv9FO2AypZILvURelHKNQDottHP0REXlHMB7Q7dfp_tEu2AfSxLjt26xDTh1OP5aivRJXcVxujsQDrrlpBjGtLl_oxnm-0YasThm9UOcdmwnTz-bSv1eBMnH273bWdpXCL-Fn-F_B6fTz7al-hZb4cSXj3MY_Tz9POPky_k4uvZ-cmnC-J4KxbScOFFo5nWPYCilDWibTpJhdPeds6roIAFwTl0qnG9Y6qjPkjWSsF9sJIfo3eH3jmnmzWUxYyxuDAMdgppLYZJJpWGOir69h_0Oq15qr-7pxolFaeVYgfK5VRKDr2Zcxxt3gwFs_diDl5M9WLuvZitht48VK_dGPxj5I-ICvADUOrTdBny393_qb0DhfeaKQ</recordid><startdate>20220301</startdate><enddate>20220301</enddate><creator>Kumar, Ankit</creator><creator>Bojjagani, Sreekanth</creator><creator>Maurya, Annapurna</creator><creator>Kisku, Ganesh Chandra</creator><general>Springer International Publishing</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QH</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TN</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>7WY</scope><scope>7WZ</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>87Z</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8FL</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BEZIV</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FRNLG</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>F~G</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H97</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K60</scope><scope>K6~</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L.-</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>M0C</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PQBIZ</scope><scope>PQBZA</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20220301</creationdate><title>Spatial distribution of physicochemical-bacteriological parametric quality and water quality index of Gomti River, India</title><author>Kumar, Ankit ; Bojjagani, Sreekanth ; Maurya, Annapurna ; Kisku, Ganesh Chandra</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c375t-435d549299f0081124574b615c9dabcd8e802e5330b84cfc28b1de627653dea63</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Agriculture</topic><topic>Alkalinity</topic><topic>Aquatic ecosystems</topic><topic>Aquatic organisms</topic><topic>Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution</topic><topic>Chlorides</topic><topic>Coliforms</topic><topic>Downstream</topic><topic>E coli</topic><topic>Earth and Environmental Science</topic><topic>Ecology</topic><topic>Ecosystem</topic><topic>Ecotoxicology</topic><topic>Environment</topic><topic>Environmental Management</topic><topic>Environmental Monitoring</topic><topic>Environmental science</topic><topic>Fluorides</topic><topic>Fresh Water</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>India</topic><topic>Industrial areas</topic><topic>Monitoring/Environmental Analysis</topic><topic>Monsoons</topic><topic>Multivariate analysis</topic><topic>pH effects</topic><topic>Phosphates</topic><topic>Pollutant load</topic><topic>Pollutants</topic><topic>Pollution load</topic><topic>Raw sewage</topic><topic>River water</topic><topic>River water quality</topic><topic>Rivers</topic><topic>Seasons</topic><topic>Sediment samplers</topic><topic>Sediment samples</topic><topic>Sewage</topic><topic>Spatial distribution</topic><topic>Statistical methods</topic><topic>Sulfates</topic><topic>Surface water</topic><topic>Turbidity</topic><topic>Upstream</topic><topic>Water analysis</topic><topic>Water bodies</topic><topic>Water hardness</topic><topic>Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis</topic><topic>Water Quality</topic><topic>Water sampling</topic><topic>Wind</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Kumar, Ankit</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bojjagani, Sreekanth</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Maurya, Annapurna</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kisku, Ganesh Chandra</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Aqualine</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Oceanic Abstracts</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Water Resources Abstracts</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Collection</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Global (PDF only)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Global (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Business Premium Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Business Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Global (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Business Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Business Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - 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Academic</collection><jtitle>Environmental monitoring and assessment</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Kumar, Ankit</au><au>Bojjagani, Sreekanth</au><au>Maurya, Annapurna</au><au>Kisku, Ganesh Chandra</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Spatial distribution of physicochemical-bacteriological parametric quality and water quality index of Gomti River, India</atitle><jtitle>Environmental monitoring and assessment</jtitle><stitle>Environ Monit Assess</stitle><addtitle>Environ Monit Assess</addtitle><date>2022-03-01</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>194</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>159</spage><epage>159</epage><pages>159-159</pages><artnum>159</artnum><issn>0167-6369</issn><eissn>1573-2959</eissn><abstract>Surface water bodies are vital source of water for human consumption, domestic needs, agriculture, industrial activities, and also for aquatic life and ecosystems. In this study, a stretch of river Gomti was studied at 5 sites in Lucknow for two consecutive seasons during 2019. The physicochemical-bacteriological parameters of water and sediment samples were analyzed, followed by multivariate statistics. Mean values of pH, turbidity, EC, TS, TDS, TSS, DO, BOD, COD, nitrate, phosphate, sulfate, total alkalinity, total hardness, chloride, and fluoride during the pre-monsoon period were 7.4 ± 0.2, 5.2 ± 3.3 (NTU), 444.4 ± 97.4 (µS/cm), 274.6 ± 61.6, 254.3 ± 50.2, 21.9 ± 11, 5.4 ± 1.6, 10.2 ± 5.9, 31.2 ± 13.3, 1.2 ± 0.5, 1.7 ± 1.1, 25.9 ± 3.7, 204 ± 41.8, 146.2 ± 11.5, 15.5 ± 8.7, and 0.5 ± 0.1 mg/l, respectively. The corresponding values during the post-monsoon season were 7.5 ± 0.2, 5.5 ± 3.2 (NTU), 436 ± 75.1 (µS/cm), 273.7 ± 124.2, 209.7 ± 82.5, 63.9 ± 43.4, 5.6 ± 1.6, 15.8 ± 8.9, 39.2 ± 23.5, 5.4 ± 4.6, 1.4 ± 0.9, 25.5 ± 5, 199.2 ± 36.6, 134 ± 8.6, 20.2 ± 8.9, and 1.7 ± 0.2 mg/l, respectively. Concentration of pollutants significantly increased by 5–15% from sampling station S1 (upstream) to S5 (downstream). Enumerations of fecal coliform and
Escherichia coli
bacteria were low at S1 but significantly higher at the S5 site. WQI ranged from 88 to 345 during pre-monsoon and 159 to 422 during post-monsoon period, indicating poor water quality which was unsuitable for drinking purposes. Strong positive correlations (≥ 0.9) were observed among pH, chloride, phosphate, sulfate, turbidity, conductivity, TS, TDS, BOD, and COD for water samples during both seasons. The data reveals that pollution load increases gradually from upstream to downstream due to the increasing discharge of raw sewage. Regulatory bodies should formulate strict regulations and ensure their implementation for the protection and management of river water quality.</abstract><cop>Cham</cop><pub>Springer International Publishing</pub><pmid>35133507</pmid><doi>10.1007/s10661-022-09814-y</doi><tpages>1</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0167-6369 |
| ispartof | Environmental monitoring and assessment, 2022-03, Vol.194 (3), p.159-159, Article 159 |
| issn | 0167-6369 1573-2959 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2626890262 |
| source | MEDLINE; SpringerLink Journals |
| subjects | Agriculture Alkalinity Aquatic ecosystems Aquatic organisms Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution Chlorides Coliforms Downstream E coli Earth and Environmental Science Ecology Ecosystem Ecotoxicology Environment Environmental Management Environmental Monitoring Environmental science Fluorides Fresh Water Humans India Industrial areas Monitoring/Environmental Analysis Monsoons Multivariate analysis pH effects Phosphates Pollutant load Pollutants Pollution load Raw sewage River water River water quality Rivers Seasons Sediment samplers Sediment samples Sewage Spatial distribution Statistical methods Sulfates Surface water Turbidity Upstream Water analysis Water bodies Water hardness Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis Water Quality Water sampling Wind |
| title | Spatial distribution of physicochemical-bacteriological parametric quality and water quality index of Gomti River, India |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-20T02%3A22%3A46IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Spatial%20distribution%20of%20physicochemical-bacteriological%20parametric%20quality%20and%20water%20quality%20index%20of%20Gomti%20River,%20India&rft.jtitle=Environmental%20monitoring%20and%20assessment&rft.au=Kumar,%20Ankit&rft.date=2022-03-01&rft.volume=194&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=159&rft.epage=159&rft.pages=159-159&rft.artnum=159&rft.issn=0167-6369&rft.eissn=1573-2959&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007/s10661-022-09814-y&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E2626890262%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2626486831&rft_id=info:pmid/35133507&rfr_iscdi=true |