Can a humid storage environment of surgical instruments before reprocessing increase patient safety and durability of instruments?
National and international guidelines recommend reprocessing of medical instruments to commence as soon as possible post-surgery; furthermore, they recommend that transport and storage of surgical instruments postoperatively occurs in a moist, humid atmosphere. The concern is that a dry storage envi...
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Veröffentlicht in: | The Journal of hospital infection 2022-04, Vol.122, p.64-71 |
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creator | Rubak, P. Lorenzen, J. Ripadal, K. Christensen, A-E. Aaen, D. Nielsen, H.L. Bundgaard, K. |
description | National and international guidelines recommend reprocessing of medical instruments to commence as soon as possible post-surgery; furthermore, they recommend that transport and storage of surgical instruments postoperatively occurs in a moist, humid atmosphere. The concern is that a dry storage environment results in deterioration of instruments.
To evaluate whether residual protein or corrosion is associated with storage environment (dry or humid), holding time or number of treatment cycles.
The range of protein residue and corrosion were tested on surgical instruments contaminated with human blood amended Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212. Subsequently instruments were stored for 6, 12 and 24 h in dry or humid conditions. After one, 25 and 50 reprocessing cycles, instruments were examined for protein residues using the o-phthaldialdehyde (OPA) method or corrosion using stereomicroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy.
Protein residue found on instruments was 21.5–54.0 μg and corrosion corresponded to 0–5% of the inspected area. No associations between storage environment and protein residue (adjusted mean difference = 0.48, 95% confidence interval: -0.42, 1.37, P=0.30) or corrosion (P=0.20) were identified. Higher numbers of treatment cycles showed higher amounts of corrosion (mean: 1cycle = 0.06%, 25cycles = 0.52% and 50cycles = 1.45%). In contrast, higher numbers of treatment cycles showed lower amounts of protein residue (P |
doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.jhin.2022.01.012 |
format | Article |
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To evaluate whether residual protein or corrosion is associated with storage environment (dry or humid), holding time or number of treatment cycles.
The range of protein residue and corrosion were tested on surgical instruments contaminated with human blood amended Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212. Subsequently instruments were stored for 6, 12 and 24 h in dry or humid conditions. After one, 25 and 50 reprocessing cycles, instruments were examined for protein residues using the o-phthaldialdehyde (OPA) method or corrosion using stereomicroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy.
Protein residue found on instruments was 21.5–54.0 μg and corrosion corresponded to 0–5% of the inspected area. No associations between storage environment and protein residue (adjusted mean difference = 0.48, 95% confidence interval: -0.42, 1.37, P=0.30) or corrosion (P=0.20) were identified. Higher numbers of treatment cycles showed higher amounts of corrosion (mean: 1cycle = 0.06%, 25cycles = 0.52% and 50cycles = 1.45%). In contrast, higher numbers of treatment cycles showed lower amounts of protein residue (P<0.001). We found both lower protein residue concentration and lower corrosion rating at 12 h compared with 6 and 24 h holding time.
Cleanliness and durability of instruments before reprocessing seems not to be affected by storage environment or holding time but instead by number of treatment cycles.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0195-6701</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1532-2939</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2022.01.012</identifier><identifier>PMID: 35077808</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Corrosion ; Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 ; Humans ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; o-Phthalaldehyde ; Patient Safety ; Protein residue ; Reprocessing ; Storage environment ; Surgical Instruments</subject><ispartof>The Journal of hospital infection, 2022-04, Vol.122, p.64-71</ispartof><rights>2022 The Authors</rights><rights>Copyright © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c351t-eabadfd4f9295a08f7e5fdc715fcc0a8cafae088522bed8f59a8fe9a99b7cd603</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2022.01.012$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,777,781,3537,27905,27906,45976</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35077808$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Rubak, P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lorenzen, J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ripadal, K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Christensen, A-E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aaen, D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nielsen, H.L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bundgaard, K.</creatorcontrib><title>Can a humid storage environment of surgical instruments before reprocessing increase patient safety and durability of instruments?</title><title>The Journal of hospital infection</title><addtitle>J Hosp Infect</addtitle><description>National and international guidelines recommend reprocessing of medical instruments to commence as soon as possible post-surgery; furthermore, they recommend that transport and storage of surgical instruments postoperatively occurs in a moist, humid atmosphere. The concern is that a dry storage environment results in deterioration of instruments.
To evaluate whether residual protein or corrosion is associated with storage environment (dry or humid), holding time or number of treatment cycles.
The range of protein residue and corrosion were tested on surgical instruments contaminated with human blood amended Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212. Subsequently instruments were stored for 6, 12 and 24 h in dry or humid conditions. After one, 25 and 50 reprocessing cycles, instruments were examined for protein residues using the o-phthaldialdehyde (OPA) method or corrosion using stereomicroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy.
Protein residue found on instruments was 21.5–54.0 μg and corrosion corresponded to 0–5% of the inspected area. No associations between storage environment and protein residue (adjusted mean difference = 0.48, 95% confidence interval: -0.42, 1.37, P=0.30) or corrosion (P=0.20) were identified. Higher numbers of treatment cycles showed higher amounts of corrosion (mean: 1cycle = 0.06%, 25cycles = 0.52% and 50cycles = 1.45%). In contrast, higher numbers of treatment cycles showed lower amounts of protein residue (P<0.001). We found both lower protein residue concentration and lower corrosion rating at 12 h compared with 6 and 24 h holding time.
Cleanliness and durability of instruments before reprocessing seems not to be affected by storage environment or holding time but instead by number of treatment cycles.</description><subject>Corrosion</subject><subject>Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Microscopy, Electron, Scanning</subject><subject>o-Phthalaldehyde</subject><subject>Patient Safety</subject><subject>Protein residue</subject><subject>Reprocessing</subject><subject>Storage environment</subject><subject>Surgical Instruments</subject><issn>0195-6701</issn><issn>1532-2939</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kE9r3DAQxUVpaTZJv0APRcdcvJHkyJYgEMrS_IFALs1ZjKXRRostbyU7kGs-eWU2KTkVBoRm3vsx8wj5ztmaM96c79a7pxDXggmxZryU-ERWXNaiErrWn8mKcS2rpmX8iBznvGOMlb78So5qydpWMbUirxuIFOjTPARH8zQm2CLF-BzSGAeMEx09zXPaBgs9DTFPaV7amXbox4Q04T6NFnMOcVvmNiFkpHuYwmLO4HF6oRAddXOCLvShfAvyA-nqlHzx0Gf89vaekMfrX783t9X9w83d5ud9ZWvJpwqhA-fdhddCS2DKtyi9sy2X3loGyoIHZEpJITp0yksNyqMGrbvWuobVJ-TswC0b_5kxT2YI2WLfQ8RxzkY0QujmolaySMVBatOYc0Jv9ikMkF4MZ2bJ3uzMkr1ZsjeMlxLF9OONP3cDun-W97CL4PIgwHLlc8Bksi0xWXQhoZ2MG8P_-H8BT4eang</recordid><startdate>202204</startdate><enddate>202204</enddate><creator>Rubak, P.</creator><creator>Lorenzen, J.</creator><creator>Ripadal, K.</creator><creator>Christensen, A-E.</creator><creator>Aaen, D.</creator><creator>Nielsen, H.L.</creator><creator>Bundgaard, K.</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><scope>6I.</scope><scope>AAFTH</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>202204</creationdate><title>Can a humid storage environment of surgical instruments before reprocessing increase patient safety and durability of instruments?</title><author>Rubak, P. ; Lorenzen, J. ; Ripadal, K. ; Christensen, A-E. ; Aaen, D. ; Nielsen, H.L. ; Bundgaard, K.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c351t-eabadfd4f9295a08f7e5fdc715fcc0a8cafae088522bed8f59a8fe9a99b7cd603</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Corrosion</topic><topic>Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Microscopy, Electron, Scanning</topic><topic>o-Phthalaldehyde</topic><topic>Patient Safety</topic><topic>Protein residue</topic><topic>Reprocessing</topic><topic>Storage environment</topic><topic>Surgical Instruments</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Rubak, P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lorenzen, J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ripadal, K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Christensen, A-E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aaen, D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nielsen, H.L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bundgaard, K.</creatorcontrib><collection>ScienceDirect Open Access Titles</collection><collection>Elsevier:ScienceDirect:Open Access</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>The Journal of hospital infection</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Rubak, P.</au><au>Lorenzen, J.</au><au>Ripadal, K.</au><au>Christensen, A-E.</au><au>Aaen, D.</au><au>Nielsen, H.L.</au><au>Bundgaard, K.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Can a humid storage environment of surgical instruments before reprocessing increase patient safety and durability of instruments?</atitle><jtitle>The Journal of hospital infection</jtitle><addtitle>J Hosp Infect</addtitle><date>2022-04</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>122</volume><spage>64</spage><epage>71</epage><pages>64-71</pages><issn>0195-6701</issn><eissn>1532-2939</eissn><abstract>National and international guidelines recommend reprocessing of medical instruments to commence as soon as possible post-surgery; furthermore, they recommend that transport and storage of surgical instruments postoperatively occurs in a moist, humid atmosphere. The concern is that a dry storage environment results in deterioration of instruments.
To evaluate whether residual protein or corrosion is associated with storage environment (dry or humid), holding time or number of treatment cycles.
The range of protein residue and corrosion were tested on surgical instruments contaminated with human blood amended Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212. Subsequently instruments were stored for 6, 12 and 24 h in dry or humid conditions. After one, 25 and 50 reprocessing cycles, instruments were examined for protein residues using the o-phthaldialdehyde (OPA) method or corrosion using stereomicroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy.
Protein residue found on instruments was 21.5–54.0 μg and corrosion corresponded to 0–5% of the inspected area. No associations between storage environment and protein residue (adjusted mean difference = 0.48, 95% confidence interval: -0.42, 1.37, P=0.30) or corrosion (P=0.20) were identified. Higher numbers of treatment cycles showed higher amounts of corrosion (mean: 1cycle = 0.06%, 25cycles = 0.52% and 50cycles = 1.45%). In contrast, higher numbers of treatment cycles showed lower amounts of protein residue (P<0.001). We found both lower protein residue concentration and lower corrosion rating at 12 h compared with 6 and 24 h holding time.
Cleanliness and durability of instruments before reprocessing seems not to be affected by storage environment or holding time but instead by number of treatment cycles.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><pmid>35077808</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.jhin.2022.01.012</doi><tpages>8</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Corrosion Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 Humans Microscopy, Electron, Scanning o-Phthalaldehyde Patient Safety Protein residue Reprocessing Storage environment Surgical Instruments |
title | Can a humid storage environment of surgical instruments before reprocessing increase patient safety and durability of instruments? |
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