Survey of bioavailable PCDDs, PCDFs, dioxin-like PCBs, and PBBs in air, water, and sediment media using semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs) deployed in the Hartbeespoort Dam area, South Africa
A survey of bioavailable polychlorinated dibenzo- p -dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), dioxin-like PCBs (dl-PCBs), and polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs) from ambient air, water and sediment was performed in the Hartbeespoort Dam area in South Africa, a region where data on highly...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Environmental monitoring and assessment 2022-02, Vol.194 (2), p.117-117, Article 117 |
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| creator | Rimayi, Cornelius Odusanya, David Chimuka, Luke |
| description | A survey of bioavailable polychlorinated dibenzo-
p
-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), dioxin-like PCBs (dl-PCBs), and polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs) from ambient air, water and sediment was performed in the Hartbeespoort Dam area in South Africa, a region where data on highly toxic Stockholm Convention persistent organic pollutants (POPs) is scanty. The sampling was designed to simulate POP bioaccumulation in benthic and aquatic dwelling organisms as well as ambient air for estimation of ecological risk. The objective was to survey the spatiotemporal distribution and fate of bioavailable priority persistent organic compounds in the Hartbeespoort Dam in summer, autumn and winter seasons and to validate the utility of a comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry (GCxGC-TOF) method for PCDD/F, PCB, and PBB analysis. The highest detection rates for bioavailable priority POPs were for PCB 77 and PCB 126 which were detected in 15 and 16 of the 22 samples, though the majority of the detections were |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s10661-022-09784-1 |
| format | Article |
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p
-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), dioxin-like PCBs (dl-PCBs), and polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs) from ambient air, water and sediment was performed in the Hartbeespoort Dam area in South Africa, a region where data on highly toxic Stockholm Convention persistent organic pollutants (POPs) is scanty. The sampling was designed to simulate POP bioaccumulation in benthic and aquatic dwelling organisms as well as ambient air for estimation of ecological risk. The objective was to survey the spatiotemporal distribution and fate of bioavailable priority persistent organic compounds in the Hartbeespoort Dam in summer, autumn and winter seasons and to validate the utility of a comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry (GCxGC-TOF) method for PCDD/F, PCB, and PBB analysis. The highest detection rates for bioavailable priority POPs were for PCB 77 and PCB 126 which were detected in 15 and 16 of the 22 samples, though the majority of the detections were < LOQ for PCB 77. Overall, PCB 126, PBB 10 and PBB 49 recorded the highest quantified bioavailable concentrations per site in SPMDs deployed in the Hartbeespoort Dam. The SPMDs deployed in air at the Magalies River site in winter recorded the highest toxic equivalency quotient (TEQ) of 29.77 pg TEQ SPMD
−1
. The highest TEQs recorded for SPMDs deployed in the sediment phase were 10.2, 3.3, and 3.2 pg TEQ SPMD
−1
, recorded at the Harbour site in summer, Dam wall in summer and Harbour in winter respectively. In water, SPMDs deployed at the Crocodile River site recorded the highest TEQ of 0.81 pg TEQ SPMD
−1
in summer. TEQ data shows that air carries significant bioavailable dl-toxicity compared to the water phase, and sediment generally carries the highest dl-toxicity. Detection rates for bioavailable PBBs were generally very low, with < 3 detections being quantified above the LOQ for the majority of the sites. Statistical analysis of TEQs computed at all sites, using AVOVA shows that the dispersion of TEQs in the Hartbeespoort Dam is largely homogenous as the differences between the TEQs were insignificant (
p
> 0.05).</description><identifier>ISSN: 0167-6369</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1573-2959</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-09784-1</identifier><identifier>PMID: 35072821</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cham: Springer International Publishing</publisher><subject>Air ; Aquatic reptiles ; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution ; Benthos ; Benzofurans - analysis ; Bioaccumulation ; Bioavailability ; Chlorinated hydrocarbons ; Crocodiles ; Detection ; Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated - analysis ; Dioxins ; Dioxins - analysis ; Earth and Environmental Science ; Ecology ; Ecotoxicology ; Environment ; Environmental Management ; Environmental Monitoring ; Environmental science ; Gas chromatography ; Harbors ; Harbours ; Mass spectrometry ; Mass spectroscopy ; Monitoring/Environmental Analysis ; Organic compounds ; PCB ; Persistent organic pollutants ; Polls & surveys ; Pollutants ; Polybrominated Biphenyls ; Polychlorinated biphenyls ; Polychlorinated Biphenyls - analysis ; Polychlorinated dibenzodioxins ; Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins - analysis ; Polychlorinated dibenzofurans ; Quotients ; Rivers ; Sediment ; Sediments ; Semipermeable membranes ; South Africa ; Spatial distribution ; Statistical analysis ; Statistical methods ; Summer ; Surveying ; Temporal distribution ; Toxicity ; Water ; Water analysis ; Winter</subject><ispartof>Environmental monitoring and assessment, 2022-02, Vol.194 (2), p.117-117, Article 117</ispartof><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022</rights><rights>2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.</rights><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c375t-e8c198845f783117bac0f161ab39adf5b8615061a43460b2e4f5e246442cf9b93</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c375t-e8c198845f783117bac0f161ab39adf5b8615061a43460b2e4f5e246442cf9b93</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-5494-7094</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10661-022-09784-1$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10661-022-09784-1$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>315,781,785,27928,27929,41492,42561,51323</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35072821$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Rimayi, Cornelius</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Odusanya, David</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chimuka, Luke</creatorcontrib><title>Survey of bioavailable PCDDs, PCDFs, dioxin-like PCBs, and PBBs in air, water, and sediment media using semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs) deployed in the Hartbeespoort Dam area, South Africa</title><title>Environmental monitoring and assessment</title><addtitle>Environ Monit Assess</addtitle><addtitle>Environ Monit Assess</addtitle><description>A survey of bioavailable polychlorinated dibenzo-
p
-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), dioxin-like PCBs (dl-PCBs), and polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs) from ambient air, water and sediment was performed in the Hartbeespoort Dam area in South Africa, a region where data on highly toxic Stockholm Convention persistent organic pollutants (POPs) is scanty. The sampling was designed to simulate POP bioaccumulation in benthic and aquatic dwelling organisms as well as ambient air for estimation of ecological risk. The objective was to survey the spatiotemporal distribution and fate of bioavailable priority persistent organic compounds in the Hartbeespoort Dam in summer, autumn and winter seasons and to validate the utility of a comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry (GCxGC-TOF) method for PCDD/F, PCB, and PBB analysis. The highest detection rates for bioavailable priority POPs were for PCB 77 and PCB 126 which were detected in 15 and 16 of the 22 samples, though the majority of the detections were < LOQ for PCB 77. Overall, PCB 126, PBB 10 and PBB 49 recorded the highest quantified bioavailable concentrations per site in SPMDs deployed in the Hartbeespoort Dam. The SPMDs deployed in air at the Magalies River site in winter recorded the highest toxic equivalency quotient (TEQ) of 29.77 pg TEQ SPMD
−1
. The highest TEQs recorded for SPMDs deployed in the sediment phase were 10.2, 3.3, and 3.2 pg TEQ SPMD
−1
, recorded at the Harbour site in summer, Dam wall in summer and Harbour in winter respectively. In water, SPMDs deployed at the Crocodile River site recorded the highest TEQ of 0.81 pg TEQ SPMD
−1
in summer. TEQ data shows that air carries significant bioavailable dl-toxicity compared to the water phase, and sediment generally carries the highest dl-toxicity. Detection rates for bioavailable PBBs were generally very low, with < 3 detections being quantified above the LOQ for the majority of the sites. Statistical analysis of TEQs computed at all sites, using AVOVA shows that the dispersion of TEQs in the Hartbeespoort Dam is largely homogenous as the differences between the TEQs were insignificant (
p
> 0.05).</description><subject>Air</subject><subject>Aquatic reptiles</subject><subject>Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution</subject><subject>Benthos</subject><subject>Benzofurans - analysis</subject><subject>Bioaccumulation</subject><subject>Bioavailability</subject><subject>Chlorinated hydrocarbons</subject><subject>Crocodiles</subject><subject>Detection</subject><subject>Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated - analysis</subject><subject>Dioxins</subject><subject>Dioxins - analysis</subject><subject>Earth and Environmental Science</subject><subject>Ecology</subject><subject>Ecotoxicology</subject><subject>Environment</subject><subject>Environmental Management</subject><subject>Environmental Monitoring</subject><subject>Environmental science</subject><subject>Gas chromatography</subject><subject>Harbors</subject><subject>Harbours</subject><subject>Mass spectrometry</subject><subject>Mass spectroscopy</subject><subject>Monitoring/Environmental Analysis</subject><subject>Organic compounds</subject><subject>PCB</subject><subject>Persistent organic pollutants</subject><subject>Polls & surveys</subject><subject>Pollutants</subject><subject>Polybrominated Biphenyls</subject><subject>Polychlorinated biphenyls</subject><subject>Polychlorinated Biphenyls - analysis</subject><subject>Polychlorinated dibenzodioxins</subject><subject>Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins - analysis</subject><subject>Polychlorinated dibenzofurans</subject><subject>Quotients</subject><subject>Rivers</subject><subject>Sediment</subject><subject>Sediments</subject><subject>Semipermeable membranes</subject><subject>South Africa</subject><subject>Spatial distribution</subject><subject>Statistical analysis</subject><subject>Statistical methods</subject><subject>Summer</subject><subject>Surveying</subject><subject>Temporal distribution</subject><subject>Toxicity</subject><subject>Water</subject><subject>Water analysis</subject><subject>Winter</subject><issn>0167-6369</issn><issn>1573-2959</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kc9u1DAQxi0Eape2L8ABWeJSpE3rf3GSY3eXUqQiVlo4R3Yybl2SOLWThX0-XgzvplCJA6fxzPzmG9sfQm8ouaCEZJeBEilpQhhLSJHlIqEv0IymGU9YkRYv0YxQmSWSy-IYvQ7hgZCIieIIHfOUZCxndIZ-bUa_hR12Bmvr1FbZRukG8Hq5WoX5PlzHUFv303ZJY7_vO4tYUV2N14tFwLbDyvo5_qEG8FM9QG1b6AbcxoPCY7DdXSy2tgffwkG-hVZ71QGuYWsrCPh8s_68Cu9j3jduB_Ved7gHfKP8oAFC75wf8Eq1WHlQc7xx43CPr4y3lTpFr4xqApw9xRP07frD1-VNcvvl46fl1W1S8SwdEsgrWuS5SE2Wc0ozrSpiqKRK80LVJtW5pCmJueBCEs1AmBSYkEKwyhS64CfofNLtvXscIQxla0MFTRMf4sZQMsmYyHIi04i--wd9cKPv4u0OFM-jMyJSbKIq70LwYMre21b5XUlJube4nCwuo8XlweKSxqG3T9Kjjh_8d-SPpxHgExBiq7sD_7z7P7K_AUH2sEU</recordid><startdate>20220201</startdate><enddate>20220201</enddate><creator>Rimayi, Cornelius</creator><creator>Odusanya, David</creator><creator>Chimuka, Luke</creator><general>Springer International Publishing</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QH</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TN</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>7WY</scope><scope>7WZ</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>87Z</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8FL</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BEZIV</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FRNLG</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>F~G</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H97</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K60</scope><scope>K6~</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L.-</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>M0C</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PQBIZ</scope><scope>PQBZA</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5494-7094</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20220201</creationdate><title>Survey of bioavailable PCDDs, PCDFs, dioxin-like PCBs, and PBBs in air, water, and sediment media using semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs) deployed in the Hartbeespoort Dam area, South Africa</title><author>Rimayi, Cornelius ; Odusanya, David ; Chimuka, Luke</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c375t-e8c198845f783117bac0f161ab39adf5b8615061a43460b2e4f5e246442cf9b93</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Air</topic><topic>Aquatic reptiles</topic><topic>Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution</topic><topic>Benthos</topic><topic>Benzofurans - analysis</topic><topic>Bioaccumulation</topic><topic>Bioavailability</topic><topic>Chlorinated hydrocarbons</topic><topic>Crocodiles</topic><topic>Detection</topic><topic>Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated - analysis</topic><topic>Dioxins</topic><topic>Dioxins - analysis</topic><topic>Earth and Environmental Science</topic><topic>Ecology</topic><topic>Ecotoxicology</topic><topic>Environment</topic><topic>Environmental Management</topic><topic>Environmental Monitoring</topic><topic>Environmental science</topic><topic>Gas chromatography</topic><topic>Harbors</topic><topic>Harbours</topic><topic>Mass spectrometry</topic><topic>Mass spectroscopy</topic><topic>Monitoring/Environmental Analysis</topic><topic>Organic compounds</topic><topic>PCB</topic><topic>Persistent organic pollutants</topic><topic>Polls & surveys</topic><topic>Pollutants</topic><topic>Polybrominated Biphenyls</topic><topic>Polychlorinated biphenyls</topic><topic>Polychlorinated Biphenyls - analysis</topic><topic>Polychlorinated dibenzodioxins</topic><topic>Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins - analysis</topic><topic>Polychlorinated dibenzofurans</topic><topic>Quotients</topic><topic>Rivers</topic><topic>Sediment</topic><topic>Sediments</topic><topic>Semipermeable membranes</topic><topic>South Africa</topic><topic>Spatial distribution</topic><topic>Statistical analysis</topic><topic>Statistical methods</topic><topic>Summer</topic><topic>Surveying</topic><topic>Temporal distribution</topic><topic>Toxicity</topic><topic>Water</topic><topic>Water analysis</topic><topic>Winter</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Rimayi, Cornelius</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Odusanya, David</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chimuka, Luke</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Aqualine</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Oceanic Abstracts</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Water Resources Abstracts</collection><collection>Access via ABI/INFORM (ProQuest)</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Global (PDF only)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Global (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Public Health Database</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Business Premium Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Business Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Global (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Business Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Business Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - 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Academic</collection><jtitle>Environmental monitoring and assessment</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Rimayi, Cornelius</au><au>Odusanya, David</au><au>Chimuka, Luke</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Survey of bioavailable PCDDs, PCDFs, dioxin-like PCBs, and PBBs in air, water, and sediment media using semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs) deployed in the Hartbeespoort Dam area, South Africa</atitle><jtitle>Environmental monitoring and assessment</jtitle><stitle>Environ Monit Assess</stitle><addtitle>Environ Monit Assess</addtitle><date>2022-02-01</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>194</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>117</spage><epage>117</epage><pages>117-117</pages><artnum>117</artnum><issn>0167-6369</issn><eissn>1573-2959</eissn><abstract>A survey of bioavailable polychlorinated dibenzo-
p
-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), dioxin-like PCBs (dl-PCBs), and polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs) from ambient air, water and sediment was performed in the Hartbeespoort Dam area in South Africa, a region where data on highly toxic Stockholm Convention persistent organic pollutants (POPs) is scanty. The sampling was designed to simulate POP bioaccumulation in benthic and aquatic dwelling organisms as well as ambient air for estimation of ecological risk. The objective was to survey the spatiotemporal distribution and fate of bioavailable priority persistent organic compounds in the Hartbeespoort Dam in summer, autumn and winter seasons and to validate the utility of a comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry (GCxGC-TOF) method for PCDD/F, PCB, and PBB analysis. The highest detection rates for bioavailable priority POPs were for PCB 77 and PCB 126 which were detected in 15 and 16 of the 22 samples, though the majority of the detections were < LOQ for PCB 77. Overall, PCB 126, PBB 10 and PBB 49 recorded the highest quantified bioavailable concentrations per site in SPMDs deployed in the Hartbeespoort Dam. The SPMDs deployed in air at the Magalies River site in winter recorded the highest toxic equivalency quotient (TEQ) of 29.77 pg TEQ SPMD
−1
. The highest TEQs recorded for SPMDs deployed in the sediment phase were 10.2, 3.3, and 3.2 pg TEQ SPMD
−1
, recorded at the Harbour site in summer, Dam wall in summer and Harbour in winter respectively. In water, SPMDs deployed at the Crocodile River site recorded the highest TEQ of 0.81 pg TEQ SPMD
−1
in summer. TEQ data shows that air carries significant bioavailable dl-toxicity compared to the water phase, and sediment generally carries the highest dl-toxicity. Detection rates for bioavailable PBBs were generally very low, with < 3 detections being quantified above the LOQ for the majority of the sites. Statistical analysis of TEQs computed at all sites, using AVOVA shows that the dispersion of TEQs in the Hartbeespoort Dam is largely homogenous as the differences between the TEQs were insignificant (
p
> 0.05).</abstract><cop>Cham</cop><pub>Springer International Publishing</pub><pmid>35072821</pmid><doi>10.1007/s10661-022-09784-1</doi><tpages>1</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5494-7094</orcidid></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0167-6369 |
| ispartof | Environmental monitoring and assessment, 2022-02, Vol.194 (2), p.117-117, Article 117 |
| issn | 0167-6369 1573-2959 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2622478065 |
| source | MEDLINE; SpringerNature Journals |
| subjects | Air Aquatic reptiles Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution Benthos Benzofurans - analysis Bioaccumulation Bioavailability Chlorinated hydrocarbons Crocodiles Detection Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated - analysis Dioxins Dioxins - analysis Earth and Environmental Science Ecology Ecotoxicology Environment Environmental Management Environmental Monitoring Environmental science Gas chromatography Harbors Harbours Mass spectrometry Mass spectroscopy Monitoring/Environmental Analysis Organic compounds PCB Persistent organic pollutants Polls & surveys Pollutants Polybrominated Biphenyls Polychlorinated biphenyls Polychlorinated Biphenyls - analysis Polychlorinated dibenzodioxins Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins - analysis Polychlorinated dibenzofurans Quotients Rivers Sediment Sediments Semipermeable membranes South Africa Spatial distribution Statistical analysis Statistical methods Summer Surveying Temporal distribution Toxicity Water Water analysis Winter |
| title | Survey of bioavailable PCDDs, PCDFs, dioxin-like PCBs, and PBBs in air, water, and sediment media using semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs) deployed in the Hartbeespoort Dam area, South Africa |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-16T16%3A53%3A59IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Survey%20of%20bioavailable%20PCDDs,%20PCDFs,%20dioxin-like%20PCBs,%20and%20PBBs%20in%20air,%20water,%20and%20sediment%20media%20using%20semipermeable%20membrane%20devices%20(SPMDs)%20deployed%20in%20the%20Hartbeespoort%20Dam%20area,%20South%20Africa&rft.jtitle=Environmental%20monitoring%20and%20assessment&rft.au=Rimayi,%20Cornelius&rft.date=2022-02-01&rft.volume=194&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=117&rft.epage=117&rft.pages=117-117&rft.artnum=117&rft.issn=0167-6369&rft.eissn=1573-2959&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007/s10661-022-09784-1&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E2622381674%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2622381674&rft_id=info:pmid/35072821&rfr_iscdi=true |