Repeated sprint training under hypoxia improves aerobic performance and repeated sprint ability by enhancing muscle deoxygenation and markers of angiogenesis in rugby sevens
Objective To evaluate the effects of repeated sprint (RS) training in hypoxia on aerobic performance, repeated sprint ability (RSA), and muscle oxygenation in Rugby Sevens. Methods Fourteen Rugby Sevens players were randomly allocated into hypoxic (RSH, F I O 2 = 14.5%, n = 7) or normoxic (RSN, F...
Gespeichert in:
| Veröffentlicht in: | European journal of applied physiology 2022-03, Vol.122 (3), p.611-622 |
|---|---|
| Hauptverfasser: | , , |
| Format: | Artikel |
| Sprache: | eng |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
| Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
| container_end_page | 622 |
|---|---|
| container_issue | 3 |
| container_start_page | 611 |
| container_title | European journal of applied physiology |
| container_volume | 122 |
| creator | Pramkratok, Wadee Songsupap, Tongthong Yimlamai, Tossaporn |
| description | Objective
To evaluate the effects of repeated sprint (RS) training in hypoxia on aerobic performance, repeated sprint ability (RSA), and muscle oxygenation in Rugby Sevens.
Methods
Fourteen Rugby Sevens players were randomly allocated into hypoxic (RSH, F
I
O
2
= 14.5%,
n
= 7) or normoxic (RSN, F
I
O
2
= 20.9%,
n
= 7) groups. Both groups underwent RS training consisting of 3 sets of 6-s × 10 sprints at 140% of velocity at peak oxygen uptake (
v
V
O
2
peak
) on a motorized treadmill, 3 days/week for 6 weeks in addition to usual training. Hematological variables, hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) concentrations were measured. Aerobic performance, RSA, and muscle oxygenation during the running-based anaerobic sprint (RAS) test were analyzed.
Results
RSH caused no changes in hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit but significant improvements in
V
O
2
peak
(7.5%,
p
= 0.03, ES = 1.07), time to exhaustion (17.6%,
p
= 0.05, ES = 0.92), and fatigue index (FI, − 12.3%,
p
= 0.01, ES = 1.39) during the RSA test compared to baseline but not RSN. While ∆deoxygenated hemoglobin was significantly increased both after RSH and RSN (
p
|
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s00421-021-04861-8 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2616287528</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2629524236</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c375t-a2654d040d05bd6d1313567e55dad4912d2c5b7582849bbdd9f249d003bfe3f93</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kctu1TAQQC1ERUvhB1ggS2zYhPqdeIkqXlIlpArWkR1PUpfEDnZSNR_FP-L0liJ10cXItnzm2DOD0BtKPlBC6rNMiGC0InuIRtGqeYZOqOC6UpzVzx_2VB-jlzlfE0IaRpsX6JgLXdda0RP05xJmMAs4nOfkw4KXZHzwYcBrcJDw1TbHW2-wn-YUbyBjAyla3-EZUh_TZEIH2ASH0yOPsX70y4bthiFcFWx3TmvuRsAO4u02QDCLj-EuezLpF6SMY1-Og4_lErLP2Aec1qE4MtxAyK_QUW_GDK_v11P08_OnH-dfq4vvX76df7yoOl7LpTJMSeGIII5I65SjnHKpapDSGSc0ZY510tayYY3Q1jqneya0I4TbHniv-Sl6f_CWon-vkJd28rmDcTQB4ppbpqhiTS1ZU9B3j9DruKZQflcopiUTjKtCsQPVpZhzgr4tXSpFby0l7T7M9jDMluyxD7Pd1W_v1audwD2k_JteAfgBuOv5AOn_209o_wIi-65t</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2629524236</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Repeated sprint training under hypoxia improves aerobic performance and repeated sprint ability by enhancing muscle deoxygenation and markers of angiogenesis in rugby sevens</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings</source><creator>Pramkratok, Wadee ; Songsupap, Tongthong ; Yimlamai, Tossaporn</creator><creatorcontrib>Pramkratok, Wadee ; Songsupap, Tongthong ; Yimlamai, Tossaporn</creatorcontrib><description>Objective
To evaluate the effects of repeated sprint (RS) training in hypoxia on aerobic performance, repeated sprint ability (RSA), and muscle oxygenation in Rugby Sevens.
Methods
Fourteen Rugby Sevens players were randomly allocated into hypoxic (RSH, F
I
O
2
= 14.5%,
n
= 7) or normoxic (RSN, F
I
O
2
= 20.9%,
n
= 7) groups. Both groups underwent RS training consisting of 3 sets of 6-s × 10 sprints at 140% of velocity at peak oxygen uptake (
v
V
O
2
peak
) on a motorized treadmill, 3 days/week for 6 weeks in addition to usual training. Hematological variables, hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) concentrations were measured. Aerobic performance, RSA, and muscle oxygenation during the running-based anaerobic sprint (RAS) test were analyzed.
Results
RSH caused no changes in hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit but significant improvements in
V
O
2
peak
(7.5%,
p
= 0.03, ES = 1.07), time to exhaustion (17.6%,
p
= 0.05, ES = 0.92), and fatigue index (FI, − 12.3%,
p
= 0.01, ES = 1.39) during the RSA test compared to baseline but not RSN. While ∆deoxygenated hemoglobin was significantly increased both after RSH and RSN (
p
< 0.05), ∆tissue saturation index (− 56.1%,
p
= 0.01, ES = 1.35) and ∆oxygenated hemoglobin (− 54.7%,
p
= 0.04, ES = 0.97) were significantly decreased after RSH. These changes were concomitant with increased levels of HIF-1α and VEGF in serum after RSH with a strong negative correlation between ∆FI and ∆deoxygenated hemoglobin after RSH (
r
= − 0.81,
p
= 0.03).
Conclusion
There was minimal benefit from adding RSH to standard Rugby Sevens training, in eliciting improvements in aerobic performance and resistance to fatigue, possibly by enhanced muscle deoxygenation and increased serum HIF-1α and VEGF concentrations.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1439-6319</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1439-6327</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00421-021-04861-8</identifier><identifier>PMID: 34977961</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>Angiogenesis ; Athletic Performance - physiology ; Biomarkers - blood ; Biomedical and Life Sciences ; Biomedicine ; Fatigue ; Hematocrit ; Hemoglobin ; Human Physiology ; Humans ; Hypoxia ; Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit - blood ; Hypoxia-inducible factor 1a ; Male ; Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism ; Occupational Medicine/Industrial Medicine ; Original Article ; Oxygen Consumption - physiology ; Oxygenation ; Physical Conditioning, Human ; Rugby ; Rugby - physiology ; Running - physiology ; Sports Medicine ; Thailand ; Vascular endothelial growth factor ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A - blood ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>European journal of applied physiology, 2022-03, Vol.122 (3), p.611-622</ispartof><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2021</rights><rights>2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.</rights><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2021.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c375t-a2654d040d05bd6d1313567e55dad4912d2c5b7582849bbdd9f249d003bfe3f93</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c375t-a2654d040d05bd6d1313567e55dad4912d2c5b7582849bbdd9f249d003bfe3f93</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-0861-7075</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00421-021-04861-8$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00421-021-04861-8$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27922,27923,41486,42555,51317</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34977961$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Pramkratok, Wadee</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Songsupap, Tongthong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yimlamai, Tossaporn</creatorcontrib><title>Repeated sprint training under hypoxia improves aerobic performance and repeated sprint ability by enhancing muscle deoxygenation and markers of angiogenesis in rugby sevens</title><title>European journal of applied physiology</title><addtitle>Eur J Appl Physiol</addtitle><addtitle>Eur J Appl Physiol</addtitle><description>Objective
To evaluate the effects of repeated sprint (RS) training in hypoxia on aerobic performance, repeated sprint ability (RSA), and muscle oxygenation in Rugby Sevens.
Methods
Fourteen Rugby Sevens players were randomly allocated into hypoxic (RSH, F
I
O
2
= 14.5%,
n
= 7) or normoxic (RSN, F
I
O
2
= 20.9%,
n
= 7) groups. Both groups underwent RS training consisting of 3 sets of 6-s × 10 sprints at 140% of velocity at peak oxygen uptake (
v
V
O
2
peak
) on a motorized treadmill, 3 days/week for 6 weeks in addition to usual training. Hematological variables, hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) concentrations were measured. Aerobic performance, RSA, and muscle oxygenation during the running-based anaerobic sprint (RAS) test were analyzed.
Results
RSH caused no changes in hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit but significant improvements in
V
O
2
peak
(7.5%,
p
= 0.03, ES = 1.07), time to exhaustion (17.6%,
p
= 0.05, ES = 0.92), and fatigue index (FI, − 12.3%,
p
= 0.01, ES = 1.39) during the RSA test compared to baseline but not RSN. While ∆deoxygenated hemoglobin was significantly increased both after RSH and RSN (
p
< 0.05), ∆tissue saturation index (− 56.1%,
p
= 0.01, ES = 1.35) and ∆oxygenated hemoglobin (− 54.7%,
p
= 0.04, ES = 0.97) were significantly decreased after RSH. These changes were concomitant with increased levels of HIF-1α and VEGF in serum after RSH with a strong negative correlation between ∆FI and ∆deoxygenated hemoglobin after RSH (
r
= − 0.81,
p
= 0.03).
Conclusion
There was minimal benefit from adding RSH to standard Rugby Sevens training, in eliciting improvements in aerobic performance and resistance to fatigue, possibly by enhanced muscle deoxygenation and increased serum HIF-1α and VEGF concentrations.</description><subject>Angiogenesis</subject><subject>Athletic Performance - physiology</subject><subject>Biomarkers - blood</subject><subject>Biomedical and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Biomedicine</subject><subject>Fatigue</subject><subject>Hematocrit</subject><subject>Hemoglobin</subject><subject>Human Physiology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hypoxia</subject><subject>Hypoxia-inducible factor 1</subject><subject>Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit - blood</subject><subject>Hypoxia-inducible factor 1a</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism</subject><subject>Occupational Medicine/Industrial Medicine</subject><subject>Original Article</subject><subject>Oxygen Consumption - physiology</subject><subject>Oxygenation</subject><subject>Physical Conditioning, Human</subject><subject>Rugby</subject><subject>Rugby - physiology</subject><subject>Running - physiology</subject><subject>Sports Medicine</subject><subject>Thailand</subject><subject>Vascular endothelial growth factor</subject><subject>Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A - blood</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>1439-6319</issn><issn>1439-6327</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kctu1TAQQC1ERUvhB1ggS2zYhPqdeIkqXlIlpArWkR1PUpfEDnZSNR_FP-L0liJ10cXItnzm2DOD0BtKPlBC6rNMiGC0InuIRtGqeYZOqOC6UpzVzx_2VB-jlzlfE0IaRpsX6JgLXdda0RP05xJmMAs4nOfkw4KXZHzwYcBrcJDw1TbHW2-wn-YUbyBjAyla3-EZUh_TZEIH2ASH0yOPsX70y4bthiFcFWx3TmvuRsAO4u02QDCLj-EuezLpF6SMY1-Og4_lErLP2Aec1qE4MtxAyK_QUW_GDK_v11P08_OnH-dfq4vvX76df7yoOl7LpTJMSeGIII5I65SjnHKpapDSGSc0ZY510tayYY3Q1jqneya0I4TbHniv-Sl6f_CWon-vkJd28rmDcTQB4ppbpqhiTS1ZU9B3j9DruKZQflcopiUTjKtCsQPVpZhzgr4tXSpFby0l7T7M9jDMluyxD7Pd1W_v1audwD2k_JteAfgBuOv5AOn_209o_wIi-65t</recordid><startdate>20220301</startdate><enddate>20220301</enddate><creator>Pramkratok, Wadee</creator><creator>Songsupap, Tongthong</creator><creator>Yimlamai, Tossaporn</creator><general>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88A</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0861-7075</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20220301</creationdate><title>Repeated sprint training under hypoxia improves aerobic performance and repeated sprint ability by enhancing muscle deoxygenation and markers of angiogenesis in rugby sevens</title><author>Pramkratok, Wadee ; Songsupap, Tongthong ; Yimlamai, Tossaporn</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c375t-a2654d040d05bd6d1313567e55dad4912d2c5b7582849bbdd9f249d003bfe3f93</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Angiogenesis</topic><topic>Athletic Performance - physiology</topic><topic>Biomarkers - blood</topic><topic>Biomedical and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Biomedicine</topic><topic>Fatigue</topic><topic>Hematocrit</topic><topic>Hemoglobin</topic><topic>Human Physiology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Hypoxia</topic><topic>Hypoxia-inducible factor 1</topic><topic>Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit - blood</topic><topic>Hypoxia-inducible factor 1a</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism</topic><topic>Occupational Medicine/Industrial Medicine</topic><topic>Original Article</topic><topic>Oxygen Consumption - physiology</topic><topic>Oxygenation</topic><topic>Physical Conditioning, Human</topic><topic>Rugby</topic><topic>Rugby - physiology</topic><topic>Running - physiology</topic><topic>Sports Medicine</topic><topic>Thailand</topic><topic>Vascular endothelial growth factor</topic><topic>Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A - blood</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Pramkratok, Wadee</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Songsupap, Tongthong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yimlamai, Tossaporn</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Biology Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>European journal of applied physiology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Pramkratok, Wadee</au><au>Songsupap, Tongthong</au><au>Yimlamai, Tossaporn</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Repeated sprint training under hypoxia improves aerobic performance and repeated sprint ability by enhancing muscle deoxygenation and markers of angiogenesis in rugby sevens</atitle><jtitle>European journal of applied physiology</jtitle><stitle>Eur J Appl Physiol</stitle><addtitle>Eur J Appl Physiol</addtitle><date>2022-03-01</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>122</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>611</spage><epage>622</epage><pages>611-622</pages><issn>1439-6319</issn><eissn>1439-6327</eissn><abstract>Objective
To evaluate the effects of repeated sprint (RS) training in hypoxia on aerobic performance, repeated sprint ability (RSA), and muscle oxygenation in Rugby Sevens.
Methods
Fourteen Rugby Sevens players were randomly allocated into hypoxic (RSH, F
I
O
2
= 14.5%,
n
= 7) or normoxic (RSN, F
I
O
2
= 20.9%,
n
= 7) groups. Both groups underwent RS training consisting of 3 sets of 6-s × 10 sprints at 140% of velocity at peak oxygen uptake (
v
V
O
2
peak
) on a motorized treadmill, 3 days/week for 6 weeks in addition to usual training. Hematological variables, hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) concentrations were measured. Aerobic performance, RSA, and muscle oxygenation during the running-based anaerobic sprint (RAS) test were analyzed.
Results
RSH caused no changes in hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit but significant improvements in
V
O
2
peak
(7.5%,
p
= 0.03, ES = 1.07), time to exhaustion (17.6%,
p
= 0.05, ES = 0.92), and fatigue index (FI, − 12.3%,
p
= 0.01, ES = 1.39) during the RSA test compared to baseline but not RSN. While ∆deoxygenated hemoglobin was significantly increased both after RSH and RSN (
p
< 0.05), ∆tissue saturation index (− 56.1%,
p
= 0.01, ES = 1.35) and ∆oxygenated hemoglobin (− 54.7%,
p
= 0.04, ES = 0.97) were significantly decreased after RSH. These changes were concomitant with increased levels of HIF-1α and VEGF in serum after RSH with a strong negative correlation between ∆FI and ∆deoxygenated hemoglobin after RSH (
r
= − 0.81,
p
= 0.03).
Conclusion
There was minimal benefit from adding RSH to standard Rugby Sevens training, in eliciting improvements in aerobic performance and resistance to fatigue, possibly by enhanced muscle deoxygenation and increased serum HIF-1α and VEGF concentrations.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><pmid>34977961</pmid><doi>10.1007/s00421-021-04861-8</doi><tpages>12</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0861-7075</orcidid></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1439-6319 |
| ispartof | European journal of applied physiology, 2022-03, Vol.122 (3), p.611-622 |
| issn | 1439-6319 1439-6327 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2616287528 |
| source | MEDLINE; SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings |
| subjects | Angiogenesis Athletic Performance - physiology Biomarkers - blood Biomedical and Life Sciences Biomedicine Fatigue Hematocrit Hemoglobin Human Physiology Humans Hypoxia Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit - blood Hypoxia-inducible factor 1a Male Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism Occupational Medicine/Industrial Medicine Original Article Oxygen Consumption - physiology Oxygenation Physical Conditioning, Human Rugby Rugby - physiology Running - physiology Sports Medicine Thailand Vascular endothelial growth factor Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A - blood Young Adult |
| title | Repeated sprint training under hypoxia improves aerobic performance and repeated sprint ability by enhancing muscle deoxygenation and markers of angiogenesis in rugby sevens |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-09T19%3A02%3A39IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Repeated%20sprint%20training%20under%20hypoxia%20improves%20aerobic%20performance%20and%20repeated%20sprint%20ability%20by%20enhancing%20muscle%20deoxygenation%20and%20markers%20of%20angiogenesis%20in%20rugby%20sevens&rft.jtitle=European%20journal%20of%20applied%20physiology&rft.au=Pramkratok,%20Wadee&rft.date=2022-03-01&rft.volume=122&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=611&rft.epage=622&rft.pages=611-622&rft.issn=1439-6319&rft.eissn=1439-6327&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007/s00421-021-04861-8&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E2629524236%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2629524236&rft_id=info:pmid/34977961&rfr_iscdi=true |