Current possibilities and future perspectives for improving efficacy of allergen-specific sublingual immunotherapy

•SLIT is an efficient and non-invasive route for treatment of allergic disorders.•Adjuvants and delivery systems could enhance the efficacy of SLIT. Allergen-specific sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT), a safe and efficient route for treating type I hypersensitivity disorders, requires high doses of al...

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Veröffentlicht in:International immunopharmacology 2021-12, Vol.101 (Pt B), p.108350-108350, Article 108350
Hauptverfasser: Sadeghi, Mahvash, Keshavarz Shahbaz, Sanaz, Dehnavi, Sajad, Koushki, Khadijeh, Sankian, Mojtaba
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container_end_page 108350
container_issue Pt B
container_start_page 108350
container_title International immunopharmacology
container_volume 101
creator Sadeghi, Mahvash
Keshavarz Shahbaz, Sanaz
Dehnavi, Sajad
Koushki, Khadijeh
Sankian, Mojtaba
description •SLIT is an efficient and non-invasive route for treatment of allergic disorders.•Adjuvants and delivery systems could enhance the efficacy of SLIT. Allergen-specific sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT), a safe and efficient route for treating type I hypersensitivity disorders, requires high doses of allergens. SLIT is generally performed without adjuvants and delivery systems. Therefore, allergen formulation with appropriate presentation platforms results in improved allergen availability, targeting the immune cells, inducing regulatory immune responses, and enhancing immunotherapy's efficacy while decreasing the dose of the allergen. In this review, we discuss the adjuvants and delivery systems that have been applied as allergen-presentation platforms for SLIT. These adjuvants include TLRs ligands, 1α, 25-dihydroxy vitamin D3, galectin-9, probiotic and bacterial components that provoke allergen-specific helper type-1 T lymphocytes (TH1), and regulatory T cells (Tregs). Another approach is encapsulation or adsorption of the allergens into a particulate vector system to facilitate allergen capture by tolerogenic dendritic cells. Also, we proposed strategies to increasing the efficacy of SLIT via new immunopotentiators and carrier systems in the future.
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Allergen-specific sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT), a safe and efficient route for treating type I hypersensitivity disorders, requires high doses of allergens. SLIT is generally performed without adjuvants and delivery systems. Therefore, allergen formulation with appropriate presentation platforms results in improved allergen availability, targeting the immune cells, inducing regulatory immune responses, and enhancing immunotherapy's efficacy while decreasing the dose of the allergen. In this review, we discuss the adjuvants and delivery systems that have been applied as allergen-presentation platforms for SLIT. These adjuvants include TLRs ligands, 1α, 25-dihydroxy vitamin D3, galectin-9, probiotic and bacterial components that provoke allergen-specific helper type-1 T lymphocytes (TH1), and regulatory T cells (Tregs). Another approach is encapsulation or adsorption of the allergens into a particulate vector system to facilitate allergen capture by tolerogenic dendritic cells. 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Allergen-specific sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT), a safe and efficient route for treating type I hypersensitivity disorders, requires high doses of allergens. SLIT is generally performed without adjuvants and delivery systems. Therefore, allergen formulation with appropriate presentation platforms results in improved allergen availability, targeting the immune cells, inducing regulatory immune responses, and enhancing immunotherapy's efficacy while decreasing the dose of the allergen. In this review, we discuss the adjuvants and delivery systems that have been applied as allergen-presentation platforms for SLIT. These adjuvants include TLRs ligands, 1α, 25-dihydroxy vitamin D3, galectin-9, probiotic and bacterial components that provoke allergen-specific helper type-1 T lymphocytes (TH1), and regulatory T cells (Tregs). Another approach is encapsulation or adsorption of the allergens into a particulate vector system to facilitate allergen capture by tolerogenic dendritic cells. 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subjects Adjuvant
Adjuvants
Adjuvants, Immunologic
Allergen-specific immunotherapy
Allergens
Allergens - immunology
Allergies
Allergy
Animals
Antigen presentation
Delivery system
Dendritic cells
Drug Delivery Systems
Galectin-9
Humans
Hypersensitivity
Hypersensitivity - immunology
Hypersensitivity - therapy
Immune system
Immune Tolerance
Immunoregulation
Immunotherapy
Lymphocytes
Lymphocytes T
Oral administration
Platforms
Probiotics
SLIT
Sublingual Immunotherapy
Sublingual Immunotherapy - methods
T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory - immunology
Vitamin D3
title Current possibilities and future perspectives for improving efficacy of allergen-specific sublingual immunotherapy
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