Higher bacterial DNAemia can affect the impact of a polyphenol-rich dietary pattern on biomarkers of intestinal permeability and cardiovascular risk in older subjects

Purpose Aging can be characterized by increased systemic low-grade inflammation, altered gut microbiota composition, and increased intestinal permeability (IP). The intake of polyphenol-rich foods is proposed as a promising strategy to positively affect the gut microbiota–immune system–intestinal ba...

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Veröffentlicht in:European journal of nutrition 2022-04, Vol.61 (3), p.1209-1220
Hauptverfasser: Gargari, Giorgio, Taverniti, Valentina, Del Bo’, Cristian, Bernardi, Stefano, Hidalgo-Liberona, Nicole, Meroño, Tomás, Andres-Lacueva, Cristina, Kroon, Paul A., Cherubini, Antonio, Riso, Patrizia, Guglielmetti, Simone
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container_issue 3
container_start_page 1209
container_title European journal of nutrition
container_volume 61
creator Gargari, Giorgio
Taverniti, Valentina
Del Bo’, Cristian
Bernardi, Stefano
Hidalgo-Liberona, Nicole
Meroño, Tomás
Andres-Lacueva, Cristina
Kroon, Paul A.
Cherubini, Antonio
Riso, Patrizia
Guglielmetti, Simone
description Purpose Aging can be characterized by increased systemic low-grade inflammation, altered gut microbiota composition, and increased intestinal permeability (IP). The intake of polyphenol-rich foods is proposed as a promising strategy to positively affect the gut microbiota–immune system–intestinal barrier (IB) axis. In this context, we tested the hypothesis that a PR-dietary intervention would affect the presence of bacterial factors in the bloodstream of older adults. Methods We collected blood samples within a randomized, controlled, crossover intervention trial in which older volunteers ( n  = 51) received a polyphenol-enriched and a control diet. We quantified the presence of bacterial DNA in blood by qPCR targeting the 16S rRNA gene (16S; bacterial DNAemia). Blood DNA was taxonomically profiled via 16S sequencing. Results Higher blood 16S levels were associated with higher BMI and markers of IP, inflammation, and dyslipidemia. PR-intervention did not significantly change bacterial DNAemia in the older population ( P  = 0.103). Nonetheless, the beneficial changes caused by the polyphenol-enriched diet were greatest in participants with higher bacterial DNAemia, specifically in markers related to IP, inflammation and dyslipidemia, and in fecal bacterial taxa. Finally, we found that the bacterial DNA detected in blood mostly belonged to γ-Proteobacteria, whose abundance significantly decreased after the polyphenol-rich diet in subjects with higher bacterial DNAemia at baseline. Conclusions This study shows that older subjects with higher bacterial DNAemia experienced a beneficial effect from a polyphenol-rich diet. Bacterial DNAemia may be a further relevant marker for the identification of target populations that could benefit more from a protective dietary treatment. Registration This trial was retrospectively registered at www.isrctn.org (ISRCTN10214981) on April 28, 2017.
doi_str_mv 10.1007/s00394-021-02680-3
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The intake of polyphenol-rich foods is proposed as a promising strategy to positively affect the gut microbiota–immune system–intestinal barrier (IB) axis. In this context, we tested the hypothesis that a PR-dietary intervention would affect the presence of bacterial factors in the bloodstream of older adults. Methods We collected blood samples within a randomized, controlled, crossover intervention trial in which older volunteers ( n  = 51) received a polyphenol-enriched and a control diet. We quantified the presence of bacterial DNA in blood by qPCR targeting the 16S rRNA gene (16S; bacterial DNAemia). Blood DNA was taxonomically profiled via 16S sequencing. Results Higher blood 16S levels were associated with higher BMI and markers of IP, inflammation, and dyslipidemia. PR-intervention did not significantly change bacterial DNAemia in the older population ( P  = 0.103). Nonetheless, the beneficial changes caused by the polyphenol-enriched diet were greatest in participants with higher bacterial DNAemia, specifically in markers related to IP, inflammation and dyslipidemia, and in fecal bacterial taxa. Finally, we found that the bacterial DNA detected in blood mostly belonged to γ-Proteobacteria, whose abundance significantly decreased after the polyphenol-rich diet in subjects with higher bacterial DNAemia at baseline. Conclusions This study shows that older subjects with higher bacterial DNAemia experienced a beneficial effect from a polyphenol-rich diet. Bacterial DNAemia may be a further relevant marker for the identification of target populations that could benefit more from a protective dietary treatment. Registration This trial was retrospectively registered at www.isrctn.org (ISRCTN10214981) on April 28, 2017.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1436-6207</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1436-6215</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00394-021-02680-3</identifier><identifier>PMID: 34727202</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>Aged ; Aging ; Bacteria ; Biomarkers ; Cardiovascular diseases ; Cardiovascular Diseases - prevention &amp; control ; Chemistry ; Chemistry and Materials Science ; Deoxyribonucleic acid ; Diet ; Digestive system ; DNA ; DNA sequencing ; Dyslipidemia ; Feces - microbiology ; Food intake ; Gastrointestinal tract ; Heart Disease Risk Factors ; Humans ; Immune system ; Inflammation ; Intestinal microflora ; Intestine ; Microbiota ; Nutrition ; Original Contribution ; Permeability ; Polyphenols - pharmacology ; Risk Factors ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics ; rRNA 16S</subject><ispartof>European journal of nutrition, 2022-04, Vol.61 (3), p.1209-1220</ispartof><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany 2021</rights><rights>2021. 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The intake of polyphenol-rich foods is proposed as a promising strategy to positively affect the gut microbiota–immune system–intestinal barrier (IB) axis. In this context, we tested the hypothesis that a PR-dietary intervention would affect the presence of bacterial factors in the bloodstream of older adults. Methods We collected blood samples within a randomized, controlled, crossover intervention trial in which older volunteers ( n  = 51) received a polyphenol-enriched and a control diet. We quantified the presence of bacterial DNA in blood by qPCR targeting the 16S rRNA gene (16S; bacterial DNAemia). Blood DNA was taxonomically profiled via 16S sequencing. Results Higher blood 16S levels were associated with higher BMI and markers of IP, inflammation, and dyslipidemia. PR-intervention did not significantly change bacterial DNAemia in the older population ( P  = 0.103). Nonetheless, the beneficial changes caused by the polyphenol-enriched diet were greatest in participants with higher bacterial DNAemia, specifically in markers related to IP, inflammation and dyslipidemia, and in fecal bacterial taxa. Finally, we found that the bacterial DNA detected in blood mostly belonged to γ-Proteobacteria, whose abundance significantly decreased after the polyphenol-rich diet in subjects with higher bacterial DNAemia at baseline. Conclusions This study shows that older subjects with higher bacterial DNAemia experienced a beneficial effect from a polyphenol-rich diet. Bacterial DNAemia may be a further relevant marker for the identification of target populations that could benefit more from a protective dietary treatment. 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The intake of polyphenol-rich foods is proposed as a promising strategy to positively affect the gut microbiota–immune system–intestinal barrier (IB) axis. In this context, we tested the hypothesis that a PR-dietary intervention would affect the presence of bacterial factors in the bloodstream of older adults. Methods We collected blood samples within a randomized, controlled, crossover intervention trial in which older volunteers ( n  = 51) received a polyphenol-enriched and a control diet. We quantified the presence of bacterial DNA in blood by qPCR targeting the 16S rRNA gene (16S; bacterial DNAemia). Blood DNA was taxonomically profiled via 16S sequencing. Results Higher blood 16S levels were associated with higher BMI and markers of IP, inflammation, and dyslipidemia. PR-intervention did not significantly change bacterial DNAemia in the older population ( P  = 0.103). Nonetheless, the beneficial changes caused by the polyphenol-enriched diet were greatest in participants with higher bacterial DNAemia, specifically in markers related to IP, inflammation and dyslipidemia, and in fecal bacterial taxa. Finally, we found that the bacterial DNA detected in blood mostly belonged to γ-Proteobacteria, whose abundance significantly decreased after the polyphenol-rich diet in subjects with higher bacterial DNAemia at baseline. Conclusions This study shows that older subjects with higher bacterial DNAemia experienced a beneficial effect from a polyphenol-rich diet. Bacterial DNAemia may be a further relevant marker for the identification of target populations that could benefit more from a protective dietary treatment. Registration This trial was retrospectively registered at www.isrctn.org (ISRCTN10214981) on April 28, 2017.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><pmid>34727202</pmid><doi>10.1007/s00394-021-02680-3</doi><tpages>12</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8673-8190</orcidid></addata></record>
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issn 1436-6207
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subjects Aged
Aging
Bacteria
Biomarkers
Cardiovascular diseases
Cardiovascular Diseases - prevention & control
Chemistry
Chemistry and Materials Science
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Diet
Digestive system
DNA
DNA sequencing
Dyslipidemia
Feces - microbiology
Food intake
Gastrointestinal tract
Heart Disease Risk Factors
Humans
Immune system
Inflammation
Intestinal microflora
Intestine
Microbiota
Nutrition
Original Contribution
Permeability
Polyphenols - pharmacology
Risk Factors
RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics
rRNA 16S
title Higher bacterial DNAemia can affect the impact of a polyphenol-rich dietary pattern on biomarkers of intestinal permeability and cardiovascular risk in older subjects
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