The dispersion of viscoelastic properties of fascicle bundles within the tendon results from the presence of interfascicular matrix and flow of body fluids
In this work, we investigate differences in the mechanical and structural properties of tendon fascicle bundles dissected from different areas of bovine tendons. The properties of tendon fascicle bundles were investigated by means of uniaxial tests with relaxation periods and hysteresis, dynamic mec...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Materials Science & Engineering C 2021-11, Vol.130, p.112435-112435, Article 112435 |
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| creator | Mlyniec, Andrzej Dabrowska, Sylwia Heljak, Marcin Weglarz, Wladyslaw P. Wojcik, Kaja Ekiert-Radecka, Martyna Obuchowicz, Rafal Swieszkowski, Wojciech |
| description | In this work, we investigate differences in the mechanical and structural properties of tendon fascicle bundles dissected from different areas of bovine tendons. The properties of tendon fascicle bundles were investigated by means of uniaxial tests with relaxation periods and hysteresis, dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), as well as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Uniaxial tests with relaxation periods revealed greater elastic modulus, hysteresis, as well as stress drop during the relaxation of samples dissected from the posterior side of the tendon. However, the normalized stress relaxation curves did not show a statistically significant difference in the stress drop between specimens cut from different zones or between different strain levels.
Using dynamic mechanical analysis, we found that fascicle bundles dissected from the anterior side of the tendon had lower storage and loss moduli, which could result from altered fluid flow within the interfascicular matrix (IFM). The lower water content, diffusivity, and higher fractional anisotropy of the posterior part of the tendon, as observed using MRI, indicates a different structure of the IFM, which controls the flow of fluids within the tendon.
Our results show that the viscoelastic response to dynamic loading is correlated with fluid flow within the IFM, which was confirmed during analysis of the MRI results. In contrast to this, the long-term relaxation of tendon fascicle bundles is controlled by viscoplasticity of the IFM and depends on the spatial distribution of the matrix within the tendon. Comparison of results from tensile tests, DMA, and MRI gives new insight into tendon mechanics and the role of the IFM. These findings may be useful in improving the diagnosis of tendon injury and effectiveness of medical treatments for tendinopathies.
•Tendon fascicle bundles dissected from anterior and posterior areas have different viscoelastic properties•Mechanical tests revealed greater elastic modulus, hysteresis and stress drop during the relaxation of posterior samples•Anterior fascicle bundles had lower storage and loss moduli which could result from altered fluid flow within the IFM•The relaxation of bundles is controlled by viscoplasticity of the IFM and depends on the spatial distribution of the matrix |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112435 |
| format | Article |
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Using dynamic mechanical analysis, we found that fascicle bundles dissected from the anterior side of the tendon had lower storage and loss moduli, which could result from altered fluid flow within the interfascicular matrix (IFM). The lower water content, diffusivity, and higher fractional anisotropy of the posterior part of the tendon, as observed using MRI, indicates a different structure of the IFM, which controls the flow of fluids within the tendon.
Our results show that the viscoelastic response to dynamic loading is correlated with fluid flow within the IFM, which was confirmed during analysis of the MRI results. In contrast to this, the long-term relaxation of tendon fascicle bundles is controlled by viscoplasticity of the IFM and depends on the spatial distribution of the matrix within the tendon. Comparison of results from tensile tests, DMA, and MRI gives new insight into tendon mechanics and the role of the IFM. These findings may be useful in improving the diagnosis of tendon injury and effectiveness of medical treatments for tendinopathies.
•Tendon fascicle bundles dissected from anterior and posterior areas have different viscoelastic properties•Mechanical tests revealed greater elastic modulus, hysteresis and stress drop during the relaxation of posterior samples•Anterior fascicle bundles had lower storage and loss moduli which could result from altered fluid flow within the IFM•The relaxation of bundles is controlled by viscoplasticity of the IFM and depends on the spatial distribution of the matrix</description><identifier>ISSN: 0928-4931</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-0191</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112435</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Lausanne: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Achilles tendon ; Anisotropic structure ; Anisotropy ; Body fluids ; Diffusivity ; Dynamic loads ; Dynamic mechanical analysis ; Fluid dynamics ; Fluid flow ; Hysteresis ; Loss modulus ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Materials science ; Mechanical loading ; Mechanical properties ; Mechanical testing ; Medical treatment ; Modulus of elasticity ; Moisture content ; Spatial distribution ; Statistical analysis ; Statistical methods ; Strain ; Stress ; Stress relaxation ; Tendons ; Tensile tests ; Uniaxial tests ; Viscoelastic properties ; Viscoelasticity ; Viscoplasticity ; Water content</subject><ispartof>Materials Science & Engineering C, 2021-11, Vol.130, p.112435-112435, Article 112435</ispartof><rights>2021 The Authors</rights><rights>Copyright Elsevier BV Nov 2021</rights><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c405t-c70cacdea25c29be7a8262d73b3fcd8b405c8d1a92be63868861f1d086dd3c6a3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c405t-c70cacdea25c29be7a8262d73b3fcd8b405c8d1a92be63868861f1d086dd3c6a3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2021.112435$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3550,27924,27925,45995</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Mlyniec, Andrzej</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dabrowska, Sylwia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Heljak, Marcin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Weglarz, Wladyslaw P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wojcik, Kaja</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ekiert-Radecka, Martyna</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Obuchowicz, Rafal</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Swieszkowski, Wojciech</creatorcontrib><title>The dispersion of viscoelastic properties of fascicle bundles within the tendon results from the presence of interfascicular matrix and flow of body fluids</title><title>Materials Science & Engineering C</title><description>In this work, we investigate differences in the mechanical and structural properties of tendon fascicle bundles dissected from different areas of bovine tendons. The properties of tendon fascicle bundles were investigated by means of uniaxial tests with relaxation periods and hysteresis, dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), as well as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Uniaxial tests with relaxation periods revealed greater elastic modulus, hysteresis, as well as stress drop during the relaxation of samples dissected from the posterior side of the tendon. However, the normalized stress relaxation curves did not show a statistically significant difference in the stress drop between specimens cut from different zones or between different strain levels.
Using dynamic mechanical analysis, we found that fascicle bundles dissected from the anterior side of the tendon had lower storage and loss moduli, which could result from altered fluid flow within the interfascicular matrix (IFM). The lower water content, diffusivity, and higher fractional anisotropy of the posterior part of the tendon, as observed using MRI, indicates a different structure of the IFM, which controls the flow of fluids within the tendon.
Our results show that the viscoelastic response to dynamic loading is correlated with fluid flow within the IFM, which was confirmed during analysis of the MRI results. In contrast to this, the long-term relaxation of tendon fascicle bundles is controlled by viscoplasticity of the IFM and depends on the spatial distribution of the matrix within the tendon. Comparison of results from tensile tests, DMA, and MRI gives new insight into tendon mechanics and the role of the IFM. These findings may be useful in improving the diagnosis of tendon injury and effectiveness of medical treatments for tendinopathies.
•Tendon fascicle bundles dissected from anterior and posterior areas have different viscoelastic properties•Mechanical tests revealed greater elastic modulus, hysteresis and stress drop during the relaxation of posterior samples•Anterior fascicle bundles had lower storage and loss moduli which could result from altered fluid flow within the IFM•The relaxation of bundles is controlled by viscoplasticity of the IFM and depends on the spatial distribution of the matrix</description><subject>Achilles tendon</subject><subject>Anisotropic structure</subject><subject>Anisotropy</subject><subject>Body fluids</subject><subject>Diffusivity</subject><subject>Dynamic loads</subject><subject>Dynamic mechanical analysis</subject><subject>Fluid dynamics</subject><subject>Fluid flow</subject><subject>Hysteresis</subject><subject>Loss modulus</subject><subject>Magnetic resonance imaging</subject><subject>Materials science</subject><subject>Mechanical loading</subject><subject>Mechanical properties</subject><subject>Mechanical testing</subject><subject>Medical treatment</subject><subject>Modulus of elasticity</subject><subject>Moisture content</subject><subject>Spatial distribution</subject><subject>Statistical analysis</subject><subject>Statistical methods</subject><subject>Strain</subject><subject>Stress</subject><subject>Stress relaxation</subject><subject>Tendons</subject><subject>Tensile tests</subject><subject>Uniaxial tests</subject><subject>Viscoelastic properties</subject><subject>Viscoelasticity</subject><subject>Viscoplasticity</subject><subject>Water content</subject><issn>0928-4931</issn><issn>1873-0191</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9UctuHCEQRFEsZeP4B3JCyiWX2dCwyzBSLpGVl2QpF-eMGOiRWTGwAcaOv8U_ayaTUw45IaqrSt1VhLwFtgcG8sNpPxe0e8447AH4QRxfkB2oXnQMBnhJdmzgqjsMAl6R16WcGJNK9HxHnm7vkDpfzpiLT5Gmid77YhMGU6q39JxTG1WPZR1NplhvA9JxiS407MHXOx9pbSYVo2sGGcsSaqFTTvMf_NwQjBZXvY8V82ayBJPpbGr2v6mJjk4hPayUMbnH9lm8K2_IxWRCwau_7yX5-eXz7fW37ubH1-_Xn246e2DH2tmeWWMdGn60fBixN4pL7noxisk6NTaSVQ7MwEeUQkmlJEzgmJLOCSuNuCTvN9927K8FS9VziwBDMBHTUjQ_KjkMB8agUd_9Qz2lJce2neayhQ-goG8svrFsTqVknPQ5-9nkRw1Mr33pk1770mtfeuuriT5uImyn3nvMusW0Bud8Rlu1S_5_8mcRrqIl</recordid><startdate>202111</startdate><enddate>202111</enddate><creator>Mlyniec, Andrzej</creator><creator>Dabrowska, Sylwia</creator><creator>Heljak, Marcin</creator><creator>Weglarz, Wladyslaw P.</creator><creator>Wojcik, Kaja</creator><creator>Ekiert-Radecka, Martyna</creator><creator>Obuchowicz, Rafal</creator><creator>Swieszkowski, Wojciech</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><general>Elsevier BV</general><scope>6I.</scope><scope>AAFTH</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QF</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7QQ</scope><scope>7SC</scope><scope>7SE</scope><scope>7SP</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TA</scope><scope>7TB</scope><scope>7U5</scope><scope>8BQ</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F28</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>H8G</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>JQ2</scope><scope>KR7</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>L~C</scope><scope>L~D</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>202111</creationdate><title>The dispersion of viscoelastic properties of fascicle bundles within the tendon results from the presence of interfascicular matrix and flow of body fluids</title><author>Mlyniec, Andrzej ; Dabrowska, Sylwia ; Heljak, Marcin ; Weglarz, Wladyslaw P. ; Wojcik, Kaja ; Ekiert-Radecka, Martyna ; Obuchowicz, Rafal ; Swieszkowski, Wojciech</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c405t-c70cacdea25c29be7a8262d73b3fcd8b405c8d1a92be63868861f1d086dd3c6a3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Achilles tendon</topic><topic>Anisotropic structure</topic><topic>Anisotropy</topic><topic>Body fluids</topic><topic>Diffusivity</topic><topic>Dynamic loads</topic><topic>Dynamic mechanical analysis</topic><topic>Fluid dynamics</topic><topic>Fluid flow</topic><topic>Hysteresis</topic><topic>Loss modulus</topic><topic>Magnetic resonance imaging</topic><topic>Materials science</topic><topic>Mechanical loading</topic><topic>Mechanical properties</topic><topic>Mechanical testing</topic><topic>Medical treatment</topic><topic>Modulus of elasticity</topic><topic>Moisture content</topic><topic>Spatial distribution</topic><topic>Statistical analysis</topic><topic>Statistical methods</topic><topic>Strain</topic><topic>Stress</topic><topic>Stress relaxation</topic><topic>Tendons</topic><topic>Tensile tests</topic><topic>Uniaxial tests</topic><topic>Viscoelastic properties</topic><topic>Viscoelasticity</topic><topic>Viscoplasticity</topic><topic>Water content</topic><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Mlyniec, Andrzej</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dabrowska, Sylwia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Heljak, Marcin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Weglarz, Wladyslaw P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wojcik, Kaja</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ekiert-Radecka, Martyna</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Obuchowicz, Rafal</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Swieszkowski, Wojciech</creatorcontrib><collection>ScienceDirect Open Access Titles</collection><collection>Elsevier:ScienceDirect:Open Access</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Aluminium Industry Abstracts</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Ceramic Abstracts</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts</collection><collection>Corrosion Abstracts</collection><collection>Electronics & Communications Abstracts</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Materials Business File</collection><collection>Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts</collection><collection>METADEX</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ANTE: Abstracts in New Technology & Engineering</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Aerospace Database</collection><collection>Copper Technical Reference Library</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Computer Science Collection</collection><collection>Civil Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Academic</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Professional</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Materials Science & Engineering C</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Mlyniec, Andrzej</au><au>Dabrowska, Sylwia</au><au>Heljak, Marcin</au><au>Weglarz, Wladyslaw P.</au><au>Wojcik, Kaja</au><au>Ekiert-Radecka, Martyna</au><au>Obuchowicz, Rafal</au><au>Swieszkowski, Wojciech</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The dispersion of viscoelastic properties of fascicle bundles within the tendon results from the presence of interfascicular matrix and flow of body fluids</atitle><jtitle>Materials Science & Engineering C</jtitle><date>2021-11</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>130</volume><spage>112435</spage><epage>112435</epage><pages>112435-112435</pages><artnum>112435</artnum><issn>0928-4931</issn><eissn>1873-0191</eissn><abstract>In this work, we investigate differences in the mechanical and structural properties of tendon fascicle bundles dissected from different areas of bovine tendons. The properties of tendon fascicle bundles were investigated by means of uniaxial tests with relaxation periods and hysteresis, dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), as well as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Uniaxial tests with relaxation periods revealed greater elastic modulus, hysteresis, as well as stress drop during the relaxation of samples dissected from the posterior side of the tendon. However, the normalized stress relaxation curves did not show a statistically significant difference in the stress drop between specimens cut from different zones or between different strain levels.
Using dynamic mechanical analysis, we found that fascicle bundles dissected from the anterior side of the tendon had lower storage and loss moduli, which could result from altered fluid flow within the interfascicular matrix (IFM). The lower water content, diffusivity, and higher fractional anisotropy of the posterior part of the tendon, as observed using MRI, indicates a different structure of the IFM, which controls the flow of fluids within the tendon.
Our results show that the viscoelastic response to dynamic loading is correlated with fluid flow within the IFM, which was confirmed during analysis of the MRI results. In contrast to this, the long-term relaxation of tendon fascicle bundles is controlled by viscoplasticity of the IFM and depends on the spatial distribution of the matrix within the tendon. Comparison of results from tensile tests, DMA, and MRI gives new insight into tendon mechanics and the role of the IFM. These findings may be useful in improving the diagnosis of tendon injury and effectiveness of medical treatments for tendinopathies.
•Tendon fascicle bundles dissected from anterior and posterior areas have different viscoelastic properties•Mechanical tests revealed greater elastic modulus, hysteresis and stress drop during the relaxation of posterior samples•Anterior fascicle bundles had lower storage and loss moduli which could result from altered fluid flow within the IFM•The relaxation of bundles is controlled by viscoplasticity of the IFM and depends on the spatial distribution of the matrix</abstract><cop>Lausanne</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><doi>10.1016/j.msec.2021.112435</doi><tpages>1</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Achilles tendon Anisotropic structure Anisotropy Body fluids Diffusivity Dynamic loads Dynamic mechanical analysis Fluid dynamics Fluid flow Hysteresis Loss modulus Magnetic resonance imaging Materials science Mechanical loading Mechanical properties Mechanical testing Medical treatment Modulus of elasticity Moisture content Spatial distribution Statistical analysis Statistical methods Strain Stress Stress relaxation Tendons Tensile tests Uniaxial tests Viscoelastic properties Viscoelasticity Viscoplasticity Water content |
| title | The dispersion of viscoelastic properties of fascicle bundles within the tendon results from the presence of interfascicular matrix and flow of body fluids |
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