Chemical Biology Tools for Modulating and Visualizing Gram-Negative Bacterial Surface Polysaccharides

Bacterial cells present a wide diversity of saccharides that decorate the cell surface and help mediate interactions with the environment. Many Gram-negative cells express O-antigens, which are long sugar polymers that makeup the distal portion of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) that constitutes the surfac...

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Veröffentlicht in:ACS chemical biology 2021-10, Vol.16 (10), p.1841-1865
Hauptverfasser: Zheng, Meng, Zheng, Maggie, Epstein, Samuel, Harnagel, Alexa P, Kim, Hanee, Lupoli, Tania J
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container_end_page 1865
container_issue 10
container_start_page 1841
container_title ACS chemical biology
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creator Zheng, Meng
Zheng, Maggie
Epstein, Samuel
Harnagel, Alexa P
Kim, Hanee
Lupoli, Tania J
description Bacterial cells present a wide diversity of saccharides that decorate the cell surface and help mediate interactions with the environment. Many Gram-negative cells express O-antigens, which are long sugar polymers that makeup the distal portion of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) that constitutes the surface of the outer membrane. This review highlights chemical biology tools that have been developed in recent years to facilitate the modulation of O-antigen synthesis and composition, as well as related bacterial polysaccharide pathways, and the detection of unique glycan sequences. Advances in the biochemistry and structural biology of O-antigen biosynthetic machinery are also described, which provide guidance for the design of novel chemical and biomolecular probes. Many of the tools noted here have not yet been utilized in biological systems and offer researchers the opportunity to investigate the complex sugar architecture of Gram-negative cells.
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subjects Enzyme Inhibitors - pharmacology
Glycosyltransferases - antagonists & inhibitors
Glycosyltransferases - chemistry
Glycosyltransferases - metabolism
Gram-Negative Bacteria - chemistry
Gram-Negative Bacteria - enzymology
Humans
Metabolic Engineering
Molecular Probes - chemistry
Molecular Probes - pharmacology
Nucleotidyltransferases - antagonists & inhibitors
Nucleotidyltransferases - chemistry
Nucleotidyltransferases - genetics
Nucleotidyltransferases - metabolism
O Antigens - chemistry
O Antigens - metabolism
Protein Engineering
Substrate Specificity - genetics
title Chemical Biology Tools for Modulating and Visualizing Gram-Negative Bacterial Surface Polysaccharides
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