Reaction Time Task Performance in Concussed Athletes over a 30-Day Period: An Observational Study

Abstract Objective Reaction time is a common deficit following concussion, making its evaluation critical during return-to-play protocol. Without proper evaluation, an athlete may return-to-play prematurely, putting them at risk of further injury. Although often assessed, we propose that current cli...

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Veröffentlicht in:Archives of clinical neuropsychology 2022-02, Vol.37 (2), p.240-248
Hauptverfasser: Wilkes, J R, Kelly, J T, Walter, A E, Slobounov, S M
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container_title Archives of clinical neuropsychology
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creator Wilkes, J R
Kelly, J T
Walter, A E
Slobounov, S M
description Abstract Objective Reaction time is a common deficit following concussion, making its evaluation critical during return-to-play protocol. Without proper evaluation, an athlete may return-to-play prematurely, putting them at risk of further injury. Although often assessed, we propose that current clinical testing may not be challenging enough to detect lingering deficits. Thus, the aim of this study was to examine reaction time in concussed individuals three times over a 30-day period through the use of a novel reaction time device consisting of simple, complex, and go/no-go reaction time tasks. Methods Twenty-three concussed subjects completed simple, complex, and go/no-go reaction time tests at three different timepoints: within 7-, 14-, and 30-days of injury, and 21 healthy controls completed the three reaction time tasks during a single session. Results Independent t-tests revealed that for the simple reaction time task, concussed participants were only significantly slower at session 1 (p = .002) when compared to controls. Complex reaction time task results showed concussed participants to be significantly slower at session 1 (p = .0002), session 2 (p = .001), and session 3 (p = .002). Go/no-go results showed concussed participants to be significantly slower than controls at session 1 (p = .003), session 2 (p = .001), and session 3 (p = .001). Conclusions Concussed individuals display prolonged reaction time deficits beyond the acute phase of injury, illustrated using increasingly complex tasks.
doi_str_mv 10.1093/arclin/acab077
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Without proper evaluation, an athlete may return-to-play prematurely, putting them at risk of further injury. Although often assessed, we propose that current clinical testing may not be challenging enough to detect lingering deficits. Thus, the aim of this study was to examine reaction time in concussed individuals three times over a 30-day period through the use of a novel reaction time device consisting of simple, complex, and go/no-go reaction time tasks. Methods Twenty-three concussed subjects completed simple, complex, and go/no-go reaction time tests at three different timepoints: within 7-, 14-, and 30-days of injury, and 21 healthy controls completed the three reaction time tasks during a single session. Results Independent t-tests revealed that for the simple reaction time task, concussed participants were only significantly slower at session 1 (p = .002) when compared to controls. Complex reaction time task results showed concussed participants to be significantly slower at session 1 (p = .0002), session 2 (p = .001), and session 3 (p = .002). Go/no-go results showed concussed participants to be significantly slower than controls at session 1 (p = .003), session 2 (p = .001), and session 3 (p = .001). Conclusions Concussed individuals display prolonged reaction time deficits beyond the acute phase of injury, illustrated using increasingly complex tasks.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1873-5843</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-5843</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acab077</identifier><identifier>PMID: 34557888</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Oxford University Press</publisher><subject>Athletes ; Athletic Injuries - complications ; Athletic Injuries - diagnosis ; Brain Concussion - diagnosis ; Humans ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Reaction Time ; Task Performance and Analysis</subject><ispartof>Archives of clinical neuropsychology, 2022-02, Vol.37 (2), p.240-248</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com. 2021</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c369t-695d80558adec75dd3b2370cb749329091db690dd3071a98868f4023c5bc3c933</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c369t-695d80558adec75dd3b2370cb749329091db690dd3071a98868f4023c5bc3c933</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1583,27922,27923</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34557888$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Wilkes, J R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kelly, J T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Walter, A E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Slobounov, S M</creatorcontrib><title>Reaction Time Task Performance in Concussed Athletes over a 30-Day Period: An Observational Study</title><title>Archives of clinical neuropsychology</title><addtitle>Arch Clin Neuropsychol</addtitle><description>Abstract Objective Reaction time is a common deficit following concussion, making its evaluation critical during return-to-play protocol. Without proper evaluation, an athlete may return-to-play prematurely, putting them at risk of further injury. Although often assessed, we propose that current clinical testing may not be challenging enough to detect lingering deficits. Thus, the aim of this study was to examine reaction time in concussed individuals three times over a 30-day period through the use of a novel reaction time device consisting of simple, complex, and go/no-go reaction time tasks. Methods Twenty-three concussed subjects completed simple, complex, and go/no-go reaction time tests at three different timepoints: within 7-, 14-, and 30-days of injury, and 21 healthy controls completed the three reaction time tasks during a single session. Results Independent t-tests revealed that for the simple reaction time task, concussed participants were only significantly slower at session 1 (p = .002) when compared to controls. Complex reaction time task results showed concussed participants to be significantly slower at session 1 (p = .0002), session 2 (p = .001), and session 3 (p = .002). Go/no-go results showed concussed participants to be significantly slower than controls at session 1 (p = .003), session 2 (p = .001), and session 3 (p = .001). Conclusions Concussed individuals display prolonged reaction time deficits beyond the acute phase of injury, illustrated using increasingly complex tasks.</description><subject>Athletes</subject><subject>Athletic Injuries - complications</subject><subject>Athletic Injuries - diagnosis</subject><subject>Brain Concussion - diagnosis</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Neuropsychological Tests</subject><subject>Reaction Time</subject><subject>Task Performance and Analysis</subject><issn>1873-5843</issn><issn>1873-5843</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkD1PwzAQQC0EouVjZUQeYUhrx3Fss1XlU6pUBGWOLrYjAklc7KRS_z2pUhAb051O797wELqgZEKJYlPwuiqbKWjIiRAHaEylYBGXCTv8s4_QSQgfhBBOaXyMRizhXEgpxwheLOi2dA1elbXFKwif-Nn6wvkaGm1x2eC5a3QXgjV41r5XtrUBu431GDAj0S1sd3zpzA2eNXiZB-s3sBNChV_bzmzP0FEBVbDn-3mK3u7vVvPHaLF8eJrPFpFmqWqjVHEjCecSjNWCG8PymAmic5EoFiuiqMlTRfo7ERSUlKksEhIzzXPNtGLsFF0N3rV3X50NbVaXQduqgsa6LmQxF2nKKYlVj04GVHsXgrdFtvZlDX6bUZLtsmZD1myftX-43Lu7vLbmF__p2APXA-C69X-ybwCmgnI</recordid><startdate>20220223</startdate><enddate>20220223</enddate><creator>Wilkes, J R</creator><creator>Kelly, J T</creator><creator>Walter, A E</creator><creator>Slobounov, S M</creator><general>Oxford University Press</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20220223</creationdate><title>Reaction Time Task Performance in Concussed Athletes over a 30-Day Period: An Observational Study</title><author>Wilkes, J R ; Kelly, J T ; Walter, A E ; Slobounov, S M</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c369t-695d80558adec75dd3b2370cb749329091db690dd3071a98868f4023c5bc3c933</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Athletes</topic><topic>Athletic Injuries - complications</topic><topic>Athletic Injuries - diagnosis</topic><topic>Brain Concussion - diagnosis</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Neuropsychological Tests</topic><topic>Reaction Time</topic><topic>Task Performance and Analysis</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Wilkes, J R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kelly, J T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Walter, A E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Slobounov, S M</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Archives of clinical neuropsychology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Wilkes, J R</au><au>Kelly, J T</au><au>Walter, A E</au><au>Slobounov, S M</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Reaction Time Task Performance in Concussed Athletes over a 30-Day Period: An Observational Study</atitle><jtitle>Archives of clinical neuropsychology</jtitle><addtitle>Arch Clin Neuropsychol</addtitle><date>2022-02-23</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>37</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>240</spage><epage>248</epage><pages>240-248</pages><issn>1873-5843</issn><eissn>1873-5843</eissn><abstract>Abstract Objective Reaction time is a common deficit following concussion, making its evaluation critical during return-to-play protocol. Without proper evaluation, an athlete may return-to-play prematurely, putting them at risk of further injury. Although often assessed, we propose that current clinical testing may not be challenging enough to detect lingering deficits. Thus, the aim of this study was to examine reaction time in concussed individuals three times over a 30-day period through the use of a novel reaction time device consisting of simple, complex, and go/no-go reaction time tasks. Methods Twenty-three concussed subjects completed simple, complex, and go/no-go reaction time tests at three different timepoints: within 7-, 14-, and 30-days of injury, and 21 healthy controls completed the three reaction time tasks during a single session. Results Independent t-tests revealed that for the simple reaction time task, concussed participants were only significantly slower at session 1 (p = .002) when compared to controls. Complex reaction time task results showed concussed participants to be significantly slower at session 1 (p = .0002), session 2 (p = .001), and session 3 (p = .002). Go/no-go results showed concussed participants to be significantly slower than controls at session 1 (p = .003), session 2 (p = .001), and session 3 (p = .001). Conclusions Concussed individuals display prolonged reaction time deficits beyond the acute phase of injury, illustrated using increasingly complex tasks.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Oxford University Press</pub><pmid>34557888</pmid><doi>10.1093/arclin/acab077</doi><tpages>9</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects Athletes
Athletic Injuries - complications
Athletic Injuries - diagnosis
Brain Concussion - diagnosis
Humans
Neuropsychological Tests
Reaction Time
Task Performance and Analysis
title Reaction Time Task Performance in Concussed Athletes over a 30-Day Period: An Observational Study
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