Clinical characteristics and incidence of toxoplasmosis after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A retrospective study and literature review
Background Toxoplasmosis is a rare but life‐threatening infection occurring in immunocompromised hosts, including allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT) recipients. However, thus far, the clinical features and incidence of toxoplasmosis in autologous HSCT (auto‐HSCT) recipien...
Gespeichert in:
| Veröffentlicht in: | Transplant infectious disease 2021-12, Vol.23 (6), p.e13726-n/a |
|---|---|
| Hauptverfasser: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format: | Artikel |
| Sprache: | eng |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
| Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
| container_end_page | n/a |
|---|---|
| container_issue | 6 |
| container_start_page | e13726 |
| container_title | Transplant infectious disease |
| container_volume | 23 |
| creator | Kitahara, Mari Hiroshima, Yuki Norose, Kazumi Hikosaka, Kenji Kazumoto, Hiroko Uematsu, Nozomu Shishido, Tsutomu Kaiume, Hiroko Sato, Keijiro Ueki, Toshimitsu Sumi, Masahiko Watanabe, Masahide Kobayashi, Hikaru |
| description | Background
Toxoplasmosis is a rare but life‐threatening infection occurring in immunocompromised hosts, including allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT) recipients. However, thus far, the clinical features and incidence of toxoplasmosis in autologous HSCT (auto‐HSCT) recipients remain unknown. This retrospective survey aimed to analyze 152 patients who received auto‐HSCT between 1998 and 2017.
Methods
Serological tests for Toxoplasma gondii‐specific IgG were performed on 109 (71.7%) recipients, and 12 pre‐HSCT recipients (11%) were Toxoplasma seropositive. Among the 12 recipients, three who did not receive trimethoprim‐sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) prophylaxis developed cerebral, pulmonary or disseminated toxoplasmosis due to reactivation after auto‐HSCT and died despite treatment.
Results
The incidences of toxoplasmosis were 2% and 25% among 152 auto‐HSCT recipients (five recipients received auto‐HSCT two times) and 12 pre‐HSCT Toxoplasma seropositive recipients, respectively. Further, we conducted a literature review and identified 21 cases of toxoplasmosis following auto‐HSCT. In these previous cases, the mortality rate was high, especially for pulmonary and disseminated toxoplasmosis. Our findings suggest that, similar to toxoplasmosis after allo‐HSCT, toxoplasmosis after auto‐HSCT is a fatal complication.
Conclusions
Serial screening of T. gondii‐specific IgG before HSCT could contribute to the detection of Toxoplasma reactivation and allow for prompt diagnosis and treatment. The present study is the first to reveal the incidence of toxoplasmosis after auto‐HSCT among seropositive patients in Japan. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/tid.13726 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2574736602</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2574736602</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4196-23d50643ec5b2af5bd38b055a6a5ef5c50237fa32e46ed3428b4589c1f8923ac3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp1kc9u1DAQhy0Eou3CgRdAlrjAIa3_J-FWLRQqVeJSzpbjTKgrxw6203YfhnfF3S0ckPDFlvzNNzP6IfSGklNaz1lx4ynlLVPP0DHlfd9wotjz_btrGGv5ETrJ-ZYQ2vaif4mOuJCCMUaO0a-td8FZ47G9McnYAsnl4mzGJozYBetGCBZwnHCJD3HxJs8xu_o9VRSbtUQff8Q14xuYTYlLdFDLcS4wYwve45JMyLUuFFNcDB_xOU5QUswL2OLuoKLruNu38646TVkTVOTOwf0r9GIyPsPrp3uDvl98vt5-ba6-fbncnl81VtBeNYyPkijBwcqBmUkOI-8GIqVRRsIkrSSMt5PhDISCkQvWDUJ2vaVT1zNuLN-g9wfvkuLPFXLRs8uP05sAdTfNZCtarlT1bNC7f9DbuKZQp9NMUaa6vuWiUh8OlK2L5gSTXpKbTdppSvRjZrpmpveZVfbtk3EdZhj_kn9CqsDZAbh3Hnb_N-nry08H5W8bjKR_</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2612689734</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Clinical characteristics and incidence of toxoplasmosis after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A retrospective study and literature review</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Access via Wiley Online Library</source><creator>Kitahara, Mari ; Hiroshima, Yuki ; Norose, Kazumi ; Hikosaka, Kenji ; Kazumoto, Hiroko ; Uematsu, Nozomu ; Shishido, Tsutomu ; Kaiume, Hiroko ; Sato, Keijiro ; Ueki, Toshimitsu ; Sumi, Masahiko ; Watanabe, Masahide ; Kobayashi, Hikaru</creator><creatorcontrib>Kitahara, Mari ; Hiroshima, Yuki ; Norose, Kazumi ; Hikosaka, Kenji ; Kazumoto, Hiroko ; Uematsu, Nozomu ; Shishido, Tsutomu ; Kaiume, Hiroko ; Sato, Keijiro ; Ueki, Toshimitsu ; Sumi, Masahiko ; Watanabe, Masahide ; Kobayashi, Hikaru</creatorcontrib><description>Background
Toxoplasmosis is a rare but life‐threatening infection occurring in immunocompromised hosts, including allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT) recipients. However, thus far, the clinical features and incidence of toxoplasmosis in autologous HSCT (auto‐HSCT) recipients remain unknown. This retrospective survey aimed to analyze 152 patients who received auto‐HSCT between 1998 and 2017.
Methods
Serological tests for Toxoplasma gondii‐specific IgG were performed on 109 (71.7%) recipients, and 12 pre‐HSCT recipients (11%) were Toxoplasma seropositive. Among the 12 recipients, three who did not receive trimethoprim‐sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) prophylaxis developed cerebral, pulmonary or disseminated toxoplasmosis due to reactivation after auto‐HSCT and died despite treatment.
Results
The incidences of toxoplasmosis were 2% and 25% among 152 auto‐HSCT recipients (five recipients received auto‐HSCT two times) and 12 pre‐HSCT Toxoplasma seropositive recipients, respectively. Further, we conducted a literature review and identified 21 cases of toxoplasmosis following auto‐HSCT. In these previous cases, the mortality rate was high, especially for pulmonary and disseminated toxoplasmosis. Our findings suggest that, similar to toxoplasmosis after allo‐HSCT, toxoplasmosis after auto‐HSCT is a fatal complication.
Conclusions
Serial screening of T. gondii‐specific IgG before HSCT could contribute to the detection of Toxoplasma reactivation and allow for prompt diagnosis and treatment. The present study is the first to reveal the incidence of toxoplasmosis after auto‐HSCT among seropositive patients in Japan.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1398-2273</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1399-3062</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/tid.13726</identifier><identifier>PMID: 34542220</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Denmark: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</publisher><subject>anti‐Toxoplasma gondii‐specific IgG antibody ; Autografts ; autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation ; Fatalities ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation - adverse effects ; Hematopoietic stem cells ; Humans ; Immunocompromised hosts ; Immunoglobulin G ; Incidence ; infection ; Literature reviews ; Patients ; Prophylaxis ; Protozoa ; Retrospective Studies ; Serological tests ; Stem cell transplantation ; Stem cells ; Sulfamethoxazole ; Toxoplasma ; Toxoplasmosis ; Toxoplasmosis - epidemiology ; Transplantation ; Transplantation, Autologous - adverse effects ; Trimethoprim</subject><ispartof>Transplant infectious disease, 2021-12, Vol.23 (6), p.e13726-n/a</ispartof><rights>2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC</rights><rights>2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4196-23d50643ec5b2af5bd38b055a6a5ef5c50237fa32e46ed3428b4589c1f8923ac3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4196-23d50643ec5b2af5bd38b055a6a5ef5c50237fa32e46ed3428b4589c1f8923ac3</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-0586-5014</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Ftid.13726$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Ftid.13726$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1417,27924,27925,45574,45575</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34542220$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Kitahara, Mari</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hiroshima, Yuki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Norose, Kazumi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hikosaka, Kenji</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kazumoto, Hiroko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Uematsu, Nozomu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shishido, Tsutomu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kaiume, Hiroko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sato, Keijiro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ueki, Toshimitsu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sumi, Masahiko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Watanabe, Masahide</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kobayashi, Hikaru</creatorcontrib><title>Clinical characteristics and incidence of toxoplasmosis after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A retrospective study and literature review</title><title>Transplant infectious disease</title><addtitle>Transpl Infect Dis</addtitle><description>Background
Toxoplasmosis is a rare but life‐threatening infection occurring in immunocompromised hosts, including allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT) recipients. However, thus far, the clinical features and incidence of toxoplasmosis in autologous HSCT (auto‐HSCT) recipients remain unknown. This retrospective survey aimed to analyze 152 patients who received auto‐HSCT between 1998 and 2017.
Methods
Serological tests for Toxoplasma gondii‐specific IgG were performed on 109 (71.7%) recipients, and 12 pre‐HSCT recipients (11%) were Toxoplasma seropositive. Among the 12 recipients, three who did not receive trimethoprim‐sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) prophylaxis developed cerebral, pulmonary or disseminated toxoplasmosis due to reactivation after auto‐HSCT and died despite treatment.
Results
The incidences of toxoplasmosis were 2% and 25% among 152 auto‐HSCT recipients (five recipients received auto‐HSCT two times) and 12 pre‐HSCT Toxoplasma seropositive recipients, respectively. Further, we conducted a literature review and identified 21 cases of toxoplasmosis following auto‐HSCT. In these previous cases, the mortality rate was high, especially for pulmonary and disseminated toxoplasmosis. Our findings suggest that, similar to toxoplasmosis after allo‐HSCT, toxoplasmosis after auto‐HSCT is a fatal complication.
Conclusions
Serial screening of T. gondii‐specific IgG before HSCT could contribute to the detection of Toxoplasma reactivation and allow for prompt diagnosis and treatment. The present study is the first to reveal the incidence of toxoplasmosis after auto‐HSCT among seropositive patients in Japan.</description><subject>anti‐Toxoplasma gondii‐specific IgG antibody</subject><subject>Autografts</subject><subject>autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation</subject><subject>Fatalities</subject><subject>Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation - adverse effects</subject><subject>Hematopoietic stem cells</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Immunocompromised hosts</subject><subject>Immunoglobulin G</subject><subject>Incidence</subject><subject>infection</subject><subject>Literature reviews</subject><subject>Patients</subject><subject>Prophylaxis</subject><subject>Protozoa</subject><subject>Retrospective Studies</subject><subject>Serological tests</subject><subject>Stem cell transplantation</subject><subject>Stem cells</subject><subject>Sulfamethoxazole</subject><subject>Toxoplasma</subject><subject>Toxoplasmosis</subject><subject>Toxoplasmosis - epidemiology</subject><subject>Transplantation</subject><subject>Transplantation, Autologous - adverse effects</subject><subject>Trimethoprim</subject><issn>1398-2273</issn><issn>1399-3062</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kc9u1DAQhy0Eou3CgRdAlrjAIa3_J-FWLRQqVeJSzpbjTKgrxw6203YfhnfF3S0ckPDFlvzNNzP6IfSGklNaz1lx4ynlLVPP0DHlfd9wotjz_btrGGv5ETrJ-ZYQ2vaif4mOuJCCMUaO0a-td8FZ47G9McnYAsnl4mzGJozYBetGCBZwnHCJD3HxJs8xu_o9VRSbtUQff8Q14xuYTYlLdFDLcS4wYwve45JMyLUuFFNcDB_xOU5QUswL2OLuoKLruNu38646TVkTVOTOwf0r9GIyPsPrp3uDvl98vt5-ba6-fbncnl81VtBeNYyPkijBwcqBmUkOI-8GIqVRRsIkrSSMt5PhDISCkQvWDUJ2vaVT1zNuLN-g9wfvkuLPFXLRs8uP05sAdTfNZCtarlT1bNC7f9DbuKZQp9NMUaa6vuWiUh8OlK2L5gSTXpKbTdppSvRjZrpmpveZVfbtk3EdZhj_kn9CqsDZAbh3Hnb_N-nry08H5W8bjKR_</recordid><startdate>202112</startdate><enddate>202112</enddate><creator>Kitahara, Mari</creator><creator>Hiroshima, Yuki</creator><creator>Norose, Kazumi</creator><creator>Hikosaka, Kenji</creator><creator>Kazumoto, Hiroko</creator><creator>Uematsu, Nozomu</creator><creator>Shishido, Tsutomu</creator><creator>Kaiume, Hiroko</creator><creator>Sato, Keijiro</creator><creator>Ueki, Toshimitsu</creator><creator>Sumi, Masahiko</creator><creator>Watanabe, Masahide</creator><creator>Kobayashi, Hikaru</creator><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0586-5014</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202112</creationdate><title>Clinical characteristics and incidence of toxoplasmosis after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A retrospective study and literature review</title><author>Kitahara, Mari ; Hiroshima, Yuki ; Norose, Kazumi ; Hikosaka, Kenji ; Kazumoto, Hiroko ; Uematsu, Nozomu ; Shishido, Tsutomu ; Kaiume, Hiroko ; Sato, Keijiro ; Ueki, Toshimitsu ; Sumi, Masahiko ; Watanabe, Masahide ; Kobayashi, Hikaru</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4196-23d50643ec5b2af5bd38b055a6a5ef5c50237fa32e46ed3428b4589c1f8923ac3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>anti‐Toxoplasma gondii‐specific IgG antibody</topic><topic>Autografts</topic><topic>autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation</topic><topic>Fatalities</topic><topic>Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation - adverse effects</topic><topic>Hematopoietic stem cells</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Immunocompromised hosts</topic><topic>Immunoglobulin G</topic><topic>Incidence</topic><topic>infection</topic><topic>Literature reviews</topic><topic>Patients</topic><topic>Prophylaxis</topic><topic>Protozoa</topic><topic>Retrospective Studies</topic><topic>Serological tests</topic><topic>Stem cell transplantation</topic><topic>Stem cells</topic><topic>Sulfamethoxazole</topic><topic>Toxoplasma</topic><topic>Toxoplasmosis</topic><topic>Toxoplasmosis - epidemiology</topic><topic>Transplantation</topic><topic>Transplantation, Autologous - adverse effects</topic><topic>Trimethoprim</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Kitahara, Mari</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hiroshima, Yuki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Norose, Kazumi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hikosaka, Kenji</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kazumoto, Hiroko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Uematsu, Nozomu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shishido, Tsutomu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kaiume, Hiroko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sato, Keijiro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ueki, Toshimitsu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sumi, Masahiko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Watanabe, Masahide</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kobayashi, Hikaru</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Transplant infectious disease</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Kitahara, Mari</au><au>Hiroshima, Yuki</au><au>Norose, Kazumi</au><au>Hikosaka, Kenji</au><au>Kazumoto, Hiroko</au><au>Uematsu, Nozomu</au><au>Shishido, Tsutomu</au><au>Kaiume, Hiroko</au><au>Sato, Keijiro</au><au>Ueki, Toshimitsu</au><au>Sumi, Masahiko</au><au>Watanabe, Masahide</au><au>Kobayashi, Hikaru</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Clinical characteristics and incidence of toxoplasmosis after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A retrospective study and literature review</atitle><jtitle>Transplant infectious disease</jtitle><addtitle>Transpl Infect Dis</addtitle><date>2021-12</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>23</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>e13726</spage><epage>n/a</epage><pages>e13726-n/a</pages><issn>1398-2273</issn><eissn>1399-3062</eissn><abstract>Background
Toxoplasmosis is a rare but life‐threatening infection occurring in immunocompromised hosts, including allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT) recipients. However, thus far, the clinical features and incidence of toxoplasmosis in autologous HSCT (auto‐HSCT) recipients remain unknown. This retrospective survey aimed to analyze 152 patients who received auto‐HSCT between 1998 and 2017.
Methods
Serological tests for Toxoplasma gondii‐specific IgG were performed on 109 (71.7%) recipients, and 12 pre‐HSCT recipients (11%) were Toxoplasma seropositive. Among the 12 recipients, three who did not receive trimethoprim‐sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) prophylaxis developed cerebral, pulmonary or disseminated toxoplasmosis due to reactivation after auto‐HSCT and died despite treatment.
Results
The incidences of toxoplasmosis were 2% and 25% among 152 auto‐HSCT recipients (five recipients received auto‐HSCT two times) and 12 pre‐HSCT Toxoplasma seropositive recipients, respectively. Further, we conducted a literature review and identified 21 cases of toxoplasmosis following auto‐HSCT. In these previous cases, the mortality rate was high, especially for pulmonary and disseminated toxoplasmosis. Our findings suggest that, similar to toxoplasmosis after allo‐HSCT, toxoplasmosis after auto‐HSCT is a fatal complication.
Conclusions
Serial screening of T. gondii‐specific IgG before HSCT could contribute to the detection of Toxoplasma reactivation and allow for prompt diagnosis and treatment. The present study is the first to reveal the incidence of toxoplasmosis after auto‐HSCT among seropositive patients in Japan.</abstract><cop>Denmark</cop><pub>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</pub><pmid>34542220</pmid><doi>10.1111/tid.13726</doi><tpages>10</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0586-5014</orcidid></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1398-2273 |
| ispartof | Transplant infectious disease, 2021-12, Vol.23 (6), p.e13726-n/a |
| issn | 1398-2273 1399-3062 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2574736602 |
| source | MEDLINE; Access via Wiley Online Library |
| subjects | anti‐Toxoplasma gondii‐specific IgG antibody Autografts autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation Fatalities Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation - adverse effects Hematopoietic stem cells Humans Immunocompromised hosts Immunoglobulin G Incidence infection Literature reviews Patients Prophylaxis Protozoa Retrospective Studies Serological tests Stem cell transplantation Stem cells Sulfamethoxazole Toxoplasma Toxoplasmosis Toxoplasmosis - epidemiology Transplantation Transplantation, Autologous - adverse effects Trimethoprim |
| title | Clinical characteristics and incidence of toxoplasmosis after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A retrospective study and literature review |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-23T07%3A18%3A24IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Clinical%20characteristics%20and%20incidence%20of%20toxoplasmosis%20after%20autologous%20hematopoietic%20stem%20cell%20transplantation:%20A%20retrospective%20study%20and%20literature%20review&rft.jtitle=Transplant%20infectious%20disease&rft.au=Kitahara,%20Mari&rft.date=2021-12&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=e13726&rft.epage=n/a&rft.pages=e13726-n/a&rft.issn=1398-2273&rft.eissn=1399-3062&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111/tid.13726&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E2574736602%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2612689734&rft_id=info:pmid/34542220&rfr_iscdi=true |