Association between physical fitness, body mass index and intelligence quotient in individuals with intellectual disabilities
Background Physical exercise seems to improve cognitive abilities at different physiological levels. Numerous studies have examined the relationship between physical fitness (PF), physical activity and cognition among populations without intellectual disabilities (ID), but very few have addressed th...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of intellectual disability research 2021-11, Vol.65 (11), p.989-997 |
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| container_title | Journal of intellectual disability research |
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| creator | Cabeza‐Ruiz, R. Trigo‐Sánchez, M. E. Rodríguez‐Servián, M. Gómez‐Píriz, P. T. |
| description | Background
Physical exercise seems to improve cognitive abilities at different physiological levels. Numerous studies have examined the relationship between physical fitness (PF), physical activity and cognition among populations without intellectual disabilities (ID), but very few have addressed this question with respect to people with ID. This study aimed to determine the correlation between intelligence quotient (IQ) and factors related to PF in healthy adults with ID.
Methods
A multicentre cross‐sectional study was conducted in 91 individuals with ID. All participants were assessed with the K‐BIT tests and the following test items from the SAMU DIS‐FIT Battery: body mass index, handgrip strength (HGS), leg strength, dynamic balance and physical endurance.
Results
Significant differences between men and women were tested by multiple regression. IQ was found to be statistically related to HGS and leg strength, with a medium effect size. Statistical relationships were also found between sex and physical endurance, with a medium effect size, and HGS, with a large effect size.
Conclusions
The study results highlight relationships between the variables of muscular strength and the participants' IQ. Further studies with experimental designs are needed to enhance the understanding of the relationships between PF and cognition in persons with ID. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/jir.12883 |
| format | Article |
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Physical exercise seems to improve cognitive abilities at different physiological levels. Numerous studies have examined the relationship between physical fitness (PF), physical activity and cognition among populations without intellectual disabilities (ID), but very few have addressed this question with respect to people with ID. This study aimed to determine the correlation between intelligence quotient (IQ) and factors related to PF in healthy adults with ID.
Methods
A multicentre cross‐sectional study was conducted in 91 individuals with ID. All participants were assessed with the K‐BIT tests and the following test items from the SAMU DIS‐FIT Battery: body mass index, handgrip strength (HGS), leg strength, dynamic balance and physical endurance.
Results
Significant differences between men and women were tested by multiple regression. IQ was found to be statistically related to HGS and leg strength, with a medium effect size. Statistical relationships were also found between sex and physical endurance, with a medium effect size, and HGS, with a large effect size.
Conclusions
The study results highlight relationships between the variables of muscular strength and the participants' IQ. Further studies with experimental designs are needed to enhance the understanding of the relationships between PF and cognition in persons with ID.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0964-2633</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1365-2788</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/jir.12883</identifier><identifier>PMID: 34523178</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</publisher><subject>Adult ; Body Composition ; Body Mass Index ; Cognition ; Cognitive ability ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Effect Size ; Endurance ; Exercise ; Female ; Gender Differences ; Hand Strength ; Humans ; Intellectual disabilities ; Intellectual Disability ; Intellectual Disability - epidemiology ; Intelligence ; Intelligence Quotient ; Intelligence tests ; Male ; Muscle strength ; Muscular Strength ; Physical activity ; Physical Fitness ; Test Items</subject><ispartof>Journal of intellectual disability research, 2021-11, Vol.65 (11), p.989-997</ispartof><rights>2021 The Authors. published by MENCAP and International Association of the Scientific Study of Intellectual and Developmental Disibilities and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.</rights><rights>2021 The Authors. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research published by MENCAP and International Association of the Scientific Study of Intellectual and Developmental Disibilities and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.</rights><rights>2021. This article is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3883-8522198dc84ac340bc5e2742f2a8fa4b8230a47214bd50bc8b96f2bd4b7770f43</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3883-8522198dc84ac340bc5e2742f2a8fa4b8230a47214bd50bc8b96f2bd4b7770f43</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-1103-4025 ; 0000-0002-9847-6984 ; 0000-0001-6926-9575 ; 0000-0002-0360-9212</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Fjir.12883$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Fjir.12883$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,1411,27901,27902,30976,45550,45551</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34523178$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Cabeza‐Ruiz, R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Trigo‐Sánchez, M. E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rodríguez‐Servián, M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gómez‐Píriz, P. T.</creatorcontrib><title>Association between physical fitness, body mass index and intelligence quotient in individuals with intellectual disabilities</title><title>Journal of intellectual disability research</title><addtitle>J Intellect Disabil Res</addtitle><description>Background
Physical exercise seems to improve cognitive abilities at different physiological levels. Numerous studies have examined the relationship between physical fitness (PF), physical activity and cognition among populations without intellectual disabilities (ID), but very few have addressed this question with respect to people with ID. This study aimed to determine the correlation between intelligence quotient (IQ) and factors related to PF in healthy adults with ID.
Methods
A multicentre cross‐sectional study was conducted in 91 individuals with ID. All participants were assessed with the K‐BIT tests and the following test items from the SAMU DIS‐FIT Battery: body mass index, handgrip strength (HGS), leg strength, dynamic balance and physical endurance.
Results
Significant differences between men and women were tested by multiple regression. IQ was found to be statistically related to HGS and leg strength, with a medium effect size. Statistical relationships were also found between sex and physical endurance, with a medium effect size, and HGS, with a large effect size.
Conclusions
The study results highlight relationships between the variables of muscular strength and the participants' IQ. Further studies with experimental designs are needed to enhance the understanding of the relationships between PF and cognition in persons with ID.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Body Composition</subject><subject>Body Mass Index</subject><subject>Cognition</subject><subject>Cognitive ability</subject><subject>Cross-Sectional Studies</subject><subject>Effect Size</subject><subject>Endurance</subject><subject>Exercise</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Gender Differences</subject><subject>Hand Strength</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Intellectual disabilities</subject><subject>Intellectual Disability</subject><subject>Intellectual Disability - epidemiology</subject><subject>Intelligence</subject><subject>Intelligence Quotient</subject><subject>Intelligence tests</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Muscle strength</subject><subject>Muscular Strength</subject><subject>Physical activity</subject><subject>Physical Fitness</subject><subject>Test Items</subject><issn>0964-2633</issn><issn>1365-2788</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>24P</sourceid><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>7QJ</sourceid><recordid>eNp10U1rFDEYB_AgFbutHvwCEuhFodPmbSaZYynaVgpCqechb2OfZTaznSfjuge_u1l39SCYS0Ly488T_oS85eyCl3W5hOmCC2PkC7LgsqkroY05IgvWNqoSjZTH5ARxyRhruGpekWOpaiG5Ngvy8wpx9GAzjIm6mDcxJrp-2iJ4O9AecoqI59SNYUtXFpFCCvEHtSmUU47DAN9i8pE-z2OGmHK53RH4DmG2A9IN5KeDjD6XKxoArYMBCsfX5GVfVHxz2E_J108fH69vq_svN3fXV_eVl-VXlamF4K0J3ijrpWLO11FoJXphTW-VM0Iyq7TgyoW6vBrXNr1wQTmtNeuVPCXv97nraXyeI-ZuBejLTDbFccZO1Fq0stWtLPTsH7oc5ymV6YoyXLdGy536sFd-GhGn2HfrCVZ22nacdbtOutJJ97uTYt8dEme3iuGv_FNCAZd7sIEhbv-f1H2-e9hH_gLQWJe_</recordid><startdate>202111</startdate><enddate>202111</enddate><creator>Cabeza‐Ruiz, R.</creator><creator>Trigo‐Sánchez, M. E.</creator><creator>Rodríguez‐Servián, M.</creator><creator>Gómez‐Píriz, P. T.</creator><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>24P</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QJ</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1103-4025</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9847-6984</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6926-9575</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0360-9212</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202111</creationdate><title>Association between physical fitness, body mass index and intelligence quotient in individuals with intellectual disabilities</title><author>Cabeza‐Ruiz, R. ; Trigo‐Sánchez, M. E. ; Rodríguez‐Servián, M. ; Gómez‐Píriz, P. T.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3883-8522198dc84ac340bc5e2742f2a8fa4b8230a47214bd50bc8b96f2bd4b7770f43</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Body Composition</topic><topic>Body Mass Index</topic><topic>Cognition</topic><topic>Cognitive ability</topic><topic>Cross-Sectional Studies</topic><topic>Effect Size</topic><topic>Endurance</topic><topic>Exercise</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Gender Differences</topic><topic>Hand Strength</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Intellectual disabilities</topic><topic>Intellectual Disability</topic><topic>Intellectual Disability - epidemiology</topic><topic>Intelligence</topic><topic>Intelligence Quotient</topic><topic>Intelligence tests</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Muscle strength</topic><topic>Muscular Strength</topic><topic>Physical activity</topic><topic>Physical Fitness</topic><topic>Test Items</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Cabeza‐Ruiz, R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Trigo‐Sánchez, M. E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rodríguez‐Servián, M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gómez‐Píriz, P. T.</creatorcontrib><collection>Wiley Open Access</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA)</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of intellectual disability research</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Cabeza‐Ruiz, R.</au><au>Trigo‐Sánchez, M. E.</au><au>Rodríguez‐Servián, M.</au><au>Gómez‐Píriz, P. T.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Association between physical fitness, body mass index and intelligence quotient in individuals with intellectual disabilities</atitle><jtitle>Journal of intellectual disability research</jtitle><addtitle>J Intellect Disabil Res</addtitle><date>2021-11</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>65</volume><issue>11</issue><spage>989</spage><epage>997</epage><pages>989-997</pages><issn>0964-2633</issn><eissn>1365-2788</eissn><abstract>Background
Physical exercise seems to improve cognitive abilities at different physiological levels. Numerous studies have examined the relationship between physical fitness (PF), physical activity and cognition among populations without intellectual disabilities (ID), but very few have addressed this question with respect to people with ID. This study aimed to determine the correlation between intelligence quotient (IQ) and factors related to PF in healthy adults with ID.
Methods
A multicentre cross‐sectional study was conducted in 91 individuals with ID. All participants were assessed with the K‐BIT tests and the following test items from the SAMU DIS‐FIT Battery: body mass index, handgrip strength (HGS), leg strength, dynamic balance and physical endurance.
Results
Significant differences between men and women were tested by multiple regression. IQ was found to be statistically related to HGS and leg strength, with a medium effect size. Statistical relationships were also found between sex and physical endurance, with a medium effect size, and HGS, with a large effect size.
Conclusions
The study results highlight relationships between the variables of muscular strength and the participants' IQ. Further studies with experimental designs are needed to enhance the understanding of the relationships between PF and cognition in persons with ID.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</pub><pmid>34523178</pmid><doi>10.1111/jir.12883</doi><tpages>9</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1103-4025</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9847-6984</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6926-9575</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0360-9212</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA); Education Source (EBSCOhost); MEDLINE; Wiley Online Library Journals |
| subjects | Adult Body Composition Body Mass Index Cognition Cognitive ability Cross-Sectional Studies Effect Size Endurance Exercise Female Gender Differences Hand Strength Humans Intellectual disabilities Intellectual Disability Intellectual Disability - epidemiology Intelligence Intelligence Quotient Intelligence tests Male Muscle strength Muscular Strength Physical activity Physical Fitness Test Items |
| title | Association between physical fitness, body mass index and intelligence quotient in individuals with intellectual disabilities |
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