The relationship between the digit ratio (2D:4D) and vertical jump performance in young athletes
Background Digit ratio (2D:4D), a putative marker of prenatal testosterone, is a negative correlate of sports, athletic, and fitness performance. Objectives To describe the relationship between 2D:4D and vertical jump performance in athletes. Methods Sixty‐one Division I American Football players fr...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | American journal of human biology 2022-03, Vol.34 (3), p.e23679-n/a |
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| container_title | American journal of human biology |
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| creator | Disterhaupt, Jacob W. Fitzgerald, John S. Rhoades, Jesse L. Tomkinson, Grant R. |
| description | Background
Digit ratio (2D:4D), a putative marker of prenatal testosterone, is a negative correlate of sports, athletic, and fitness performance.
Objectives
To describe the relationship between 2D:4D and vertical jump performance in athletes.
Methods
Sixty‐one Division I American Football players from a Midwestern U.S. university had their 2D:4D measured digitally and their vertical jump performance measured using jump mechanography. The primary outcome was jump height, with secondary outcomes depicting jump execution also recorded. Linear relationships between 2D:4D and vertical jump performance were quantified using partial correlations adjusted for age, height, mass, and ethnicity.
Results
2D:4D was a statistically significant weak negative correlate of jump height (partial r [95% confidence interval]: −0.26 [−0.48, −0.01]), indicating that athletes with lower 2D:4Ds (i.e., relatively longer 4th digits) jumped higher. Relationships with jump execution variables were negligible to weak and negative, but not statistically significant.
Conclusions
The significant relationship between 2D:4D and jump height probably reflects both the long‐term organizational and short‐term activational benefits of testosterone. Therefore, 2D:4D may be a useful indicator of explosive strength among young athletes. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1002/ajhb.23679 |
| format | Article |
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Digit ratio (2D:4D), a putative marker of prenatal testosterone, is a negative correlate of sports, athletic, and fitness performance.
Objectives
To describe the relationship between 2D:4D and vertical jump performance in athletes.
Methods
Sixty‐one Division I American Football players from a Midwestern U.S. university had their 2D:4D measured digitally and their vertical jump performance measured using jump mechanography. The primary outcome was jump height, with secondary outcomes depicting jump execution also recorded. Linear relationships between 2D:4D and vertical jump performance were quantified using partial correlations adjusted for age, height, mass, and ethnicity.
Results
2D:4D was a statistically significant weak negative correlate of jump height (partial r [95% confidence interval]: −0.26 [−0.48, −0.01]), indicating that athletes with lower 2D:4Ds (i.e., relatively longer 4th digits) jumped higher. Relationships with jump execution variables were negligible to weak and negative, but not statistically significant.
Conclusions
The significant relationship between 2D:4D and jump height probably reflects both the long‐term organizational and short‐term activational benefits of testosterone. Therefore, 2D:4D may be a useful indicator of explosive strength among young athletes.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1042-0533</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1520-6300</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23679</identifier><identifier>PMID: 34499783</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Hoboken, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc</publisher><subject>Athletes ; Athletic Performance ; Confidence intervals ; Correlation ; Digit Ratios ; Fingers - anatomy & histology ; Football ; Humans ; Jumping ; Minority & ethnic groups ; Statistical analysis ; Testosterone</subject><ispartof>American journal of human biology, 2022-03, Vol.34 (3), p.e23679-n/a</ispartof><rights>2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.</rights><rights>2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3579-b9579cc7e86ee5bdf8851f21efc3e10f8ec5dea41578f1c18e060cc572e627303</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3579-b9579cc7e86ee5bdf8851f21efc3e10f8ec5dea41578f1c18e060cc572e627303</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-8694-0228 ; 0000-0001-7601-9670 ; 0000-0002-4218-5088</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002%2Fajhb.23679$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002%2Fajhb.23679$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,1411,27903,27904,45553,45554</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34499783$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Disterhaupt, Jacob W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fitzgerald, John S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rhoades, Jesse L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tomkinson, Grant R.</creatorcontrib><title>The relationship between the digit ratio (2D:4D) and vertical jump performance in young athletes</title><title>American journal of human biology</title><addtitle>Am J Hum Biol</addtitle><description>Background
Digit ratio (2D:4D), a putative marker of prenatal testosterone, is a negative correlate of sports, athletic, and fitness performance.
Objectives
To describe the relationship between 2D:4D and vertical jump performance in athletes.
Methods
Sixty‐one Division I American Football players from a Midwestern U.S. university had their 2D:4D measured digitally and their vertical jump performance measured using jump mechanography. The primary outcome was jump height, with secondary outcomes depicting jump execution also recorded. Linear relationships between 2D:4D and vertical jump performance were quantified using partial correlations adjusted for age, height, mass, and ethnicity.
Results
2D:4D was a statistically significant weak negative correlate of jump height (partial r [95% confidence interval]: −0.26 [−0.48, −0.01]), indicating that athletes with lower 2D:4Ds (i.e., relatively longer 4th digits) jumped higher. Relationships with jump execution variables were negligible to weak and negative, but not statistically significant.
Conclusions
The significant relationship between 2D:4D and jump height probably reflects both the long‐term organizational and short‐term activational benefits of testosterone. Therefore, 2D:4D may be a useful indicator of explosive strength among young athletes.</description><subject>Athletes</subject><subject>Athletic Performance</subject><subject>Confidence intervals</subject><subject>Correlation</subject><subject>Digit Ratios</subject><subject>Fingers - anatomy & histology</subject><subject>Football</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Jumping</subject><subject>Minority & ethnic groups</subject><subject>Statistical analysis</subject><subject>Testosterone</subject><issn>1042-0533</issn><issn>1520-6300</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kE1P3DAQhi0EArrthR9QWeICSKFjO44dbstHuyCkXujZOM6E9Spf2Amr_ffNdmkPPXCZGel99Gr0EHLC4JIB8G92tSwuuchUvkeOmeSQZAJgf7oh5QlIIY7IpxhXAJBnoA_JkUjTPFdaHJPnpyXSgLUdfNfGpe9pgcMasaXDFJT-xQ80bEN6xm-v0ttzatuSvmEYvLM1XY1NT3sMVRca2zqkvqWbbmxfqB2WNQ4YP5ODytYRv7zvGfn1_e7pZpE8_vxxfzN_TJyQKk-KfJrOKdQZoizKSmvJKs6wcgIZVBqdLNGmTCpdMcc0QgbOScUx40qAmJGzXW8futcR42AaHx3WtW2xG6PhUrGcaw1qQk__Q1fdGNrpO8MzIZnUKtUTdbGjXOhiDFiZPvjGho1hYLbezda7-eN9gr--V45Fg-U_9K_oCWA7YO1r3HxQZeYPi-td6W8KDIxu</recordid><startdate>202203</startdate><enddate>202203</enddate><creator>Disterhaupt, Jacob W.</creator><creator>Fitzgerald, John S.</creator><creator>Rhoades, Jesse L.</creator><creator>Tomkinson, Grant R.</creator><general>John Wiley & Sons, Inc</general><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7TS</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8694-0228</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7601-9670</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4218-5088</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202203</creationdate><title>The relationship between the digit ratio (2D:4D) and vertical jump performance in young athletes</title><author>Disterhaupt, Jacob W. ; Fitzgerald, John S. ; Rhoades, Jesse L. ; Tomkinson, Grant R.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3579-b9579cc7e86ee5bdf8851f21efc3e10f8ec5dea41578f1c18e060cc572e627303</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Athletes</topic><topic>Athletic Performance</topic><topic>Confidence intervals</topic><topic>Correlation</topic><topic>Digit Ratios</topic><topic>Fingers - anatomy & histology</topic><topic>Football</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Jumping</topic><topic>Minority & ethnic groups</topic><topic>Statistical analysis</topic><topic>Testosterone</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Disterhaupt, Jacob W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fitzgerald, John S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rhoades, Jesse L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tomkinson, Grant R.</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Physical Education Index</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>American journal of human biology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Disterhaupt, Jacob W.</au><au>Fitzgerald, John S.</au><au>Rhoades, Jesse L.</au><au>Tomkinson, Grant R.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The relationship between the digit ratio (2D:4D) and vertical jump performance in young athletes</atitle><jtitle>American journal of human biology</jtitle><addtitle>Am J Hum Biol</addtitle><date>2022-03</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>34</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>e23679</spage><epage>n/a</epage><pages>e23679-n/a</pages><issn>1042-0533</issn><eissn>1520-6300</eissn><abstract>Background
Digit ratio (2D:4D), a putative marker of prenatal testosterone, is a negative correlate of sports, athletic, and fitness performance.
Objectives
To describe the relationship between 2D:4D and vertical jump performance in athletes.
Methods
Sixty‐one Division I American Football players from a Midwestern U.S. university had their 2D:4D measured digitally and their vertical jump performance measured using jump mechanography. The primary outcome was jump height, with secondary outcomes depicting jump execution also recorded. Linear relationships between 2D:4D and vertical jump performance were quantified using partial correlations adjusted for age, height, mass, and ethnicity.
Results
2D:4D was a statistically significant weak negative correlate of jump height (partial r [95% confidence interval]: −0.26 [−0.48, −0.01]), indicating that athletes with lower 2D:4Ds (i.e., relatively longer 4th digits) jumped higher. Relationships with jump execution variables were negligible to weak and negative, but not statistically significant.
Conclusions
The significant relationship between 2D:4D and jump height probably reflects both the long‐term organizational and short‐term activational benefits of testosterone. Therefore, 2D:4D may be a useful indicator of explosive strength among young athletes.</abstract><cop>Hoboken, USA</cop><pub>John Wiley & Sons, Inc</pub><pmid>34499783</pmid><doi>10.1002/ajhb.23679</doi><tpages>4</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8694-0228</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7601-9670</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4218-5088</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete |
| subjects | Athletes Athletic Performance Confidence intervals Correlation Digit Ratios Fingers - anatomy & histology Football Humans Jumping Minority & ethnic groups Statistical analysis Testosterone |
| title | The relationship between the digit ratio (2D:4D) and vertical jump performance in young athletes |
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