Longitudinal assessment of leukotriene B4, lipoxin A4, and resolvin D1 plasma levels in pregnant women with risk factors for preeclampsia

•Leukotriene B4, lipoxin A4 and resolvin D1 levels vary throughout gestation.•Women with PE show high resolvin D1 levels at 12–19 weeks of pregnancy.•Women with PE show a low resolvin D1/leukotriene B4 ratio at 30–34 weeks.•Imbalanced levels of lipid mediators may underlie preeclampsia development. We carried out a longitudinal study to compare leukotriene B4 (LTB4), lipoxin A4 (LXA4), and resolvin D1 (RvD1) levels in pregnant women with risk factors for PE — who did (N = 11) or did not develop (N = 17) this clinical condition. For both groups, plasma levels of the lipid mediators were measured using immunoassays at 12–19, 20–29, and 30–34 weeks of gestation. LTB4 tended to be upregulated throughout gestation in women who developed PE. Moreover, this increase was significant at 30–34 weeks. Although LXA4 levels also tended to be higher in the PE group, this difference was not significant for the evaluated gestational periods. Pregnant women with PE had lower RvD1 levels and a low RvD1/LTB4 ratio at 30–34 weeks, compared to those in the normotensive pregnant women. Contrarily, RvD1 levels increased at weeks 12–19 in pregnant women who developed PE. Particularly, LXA4 and RvD1 levels were higher at 30–34 weeks than those at 20–29 weeks considering both groups of women. We observed an interaction between the gestational outcome and the gestational period in case of RvD1. The imbalance among LTB4, LXA4, and RvD1 levels in these preeclamptic women is consistent with the excessive inflammation that underlies the pathogenesis of PE. Although our data highlight the potential for the use of these lipid mediators as clinical markers for PE development, future longitudinal studies must be carried out to confirm these findings.