Genotyping of enterotoxigenic methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) among commensal rodents in North Sinai, Egypt
Aim This study aimed to identify genotype enterotoxigenic antimicrobial‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus species, mainly methicillin‐resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin‐resistant S. aureus (VRSA) among commensal rodents. Methods and results A total of 280 samples were collected from nasal and m...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of applied microbiology 2022-03, Vol.132 (3), p.2331-2341 |
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| creator | Eidaroos, Nada H. Youssef, Ahmed I. El‐ Sebae, Ali Enany, Mohamed E. Farid, Doaa S. |
| description | Aim
This study aimed to identify genotype enterotoxigenic antimicrobial‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus species, mainly methicillin‐resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin‐resistant S. aureus (VRSA) among commensal rodents.
Methods and results
A total of 280 samples were collected from nasal and mouth swabs, heart blood, intestinal content and lung tissues of 56 commensal rodents trapped from North Sinai, Egypt. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed to bacteriologically identified S. aureus isolates against 15 antimicrobial agents by disc diffusion method. Detection was conducted for identifying coagulase gene (coA), antimicrobial‐resistant genes (mecA and vanA/B), enterotoxigenic and virulence determinant genes (hlg, seb, sed and see) among the MRSA and VRSA isolates.
Results
Staphylococcus aureus species were isolated from 24 (42.86%) out of 56 rodents. Phenotypic examination revealed that all the isolates were multidrug‐resistant, whereas two isolates were multiple antibiotic resistant (MAR). Out of 33 examined isolates, 33 (100%) were resistant to oxacillin and amoxicillin, 31 (93.93%) to cefoxitin and 12 (36.36%) to vancomycin. PCR assay revealed that 24 isolates revealed (100%) positivity to coA gene, 17 (70.83%) to mecA gene and 12 (50%) to vanA/B genes. Enterotoxin genes and haemolysin genes were detected among MRSA and VRSA isolates. There was a strong positive correlation between the tested antimicrobial‐resistant genes and virulence genes (p > 0.05).
Conclusions
This study demonstrated the occurrence of MRSA and VRSA strains among commensal rodents in North Sinai, Egypt. The detection of enterotoxigenic and virulence genes of the isolated MRSA and VRSA strains indicated the health hazards of food contamination and zoonotic infections.
Significance and impacts of the study.
This study emphasizes the role of commensal rodents in maintaining and disseminating multidrug‐resistant MRSA and VRSA strains to the environment, animals and human beings. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/jam.15226 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2555105375</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2630849585</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3886-2e9501950a1710951eb59ace186c411682bda462d6998094e1a0bcdb5ca8e5a63</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqNkc1u1DAUhSNERX9gwQsgS2xaibS2EzvOclS1pagtEgNsLce5M-NRYqe2A2THI_A4PE-fBLcpLJCQuNLVvYvvHB3pZNlLgo9JmpOt6o8Jo5Q_yfZIwVlOeUWfPvxlznBFd7P9ELYYkwIz_izbLUpaV4KLveznBVgXp8HYNXIrBDaCd9F9M2uwRqMe4sZo03XG3n3_4SGYEJWNaBnVsJk6p53WY0Bq9JDO4fWH5eIIKduiL8pq10_6_3SfZ13vUook68EG1SHv2pQnIGPRjfNxg5bGKvMGna2nIT7PdlaqC_Di8R5kn87PPp6-za_eX1yeLq5yXQjBcwo1wyStIhXBNSPQsFppIILrkhAuaNOqktOW17XAdQlE4Ua3DdNKAFO8OMgOZ9_Bu9sRQpS9CRq6TllwY5CUMUYwKyqW0Nd_oVs3epvSScoLLMqaiXvqaKa0dyF4WMnBm175SRIs7-uUqU75UGdiXz06jk0P7R_yd38JOJmBr6aD6d9O8t3ierb8BUvarnM</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2630849585</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Genotyping of enterotoxigenic methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) among commensal rodents in North Sinai, Egypt</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete</source><source>Oxford University Press Journals All Titles (1996-Current)</source><creator>Eidaroos, Nada H. ; Youssef, Ahmed I. ; El‐ Sebae, Ali ; Enany, Mohamed E. ; Farid, Doaa S.</creator><creatorcontrib>Eidaroos, Nada H. ; Youssef, Ahmed I. ; El‐ Sebae, Ali ; Enany, Mohamed E. ; Farid, Doaa S.</creatorcontrib><description>Aim
This study aimed to identify genotype enterotoxigenic antimicrobial‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus species, mainly methicillin‐resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin‐resistant S. aureus (VRSA) among commensal rodents.
Methods and results
A total of 280 samples were collected from nasal and mouth swabs, heart blood, intestinal content and lung tissues of 56 commensal rodents trapped from North Sinai, Egypt. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed to bacteriologically identified S. aureus isolates against 15 antimicrobial agents by disc diffusion method. Detection was conducted for identifying coagulase gene (coA), antimicrobial‐resistant genes (mecA and vanA/B), enterotoxigenic and virulence determinant genes (hlg, seb, sed and see) among the MRSA and VRSA isolates.
Results
Staphylococcus aureus species were isolated from 24 (42.86%) out of 56 rodents. Phenotypic examination revealed that all the isolates were multidrug‐resistant, whereas two isolates were multiple antibiotic resistant (MAR). Out of 33 examined isolates, 33 (100%) were resistant to oxacillin and amoxicillin, 31 (93.93%) to cefoxitin and 12 (36.36%) to vancomycin. PCR assay revealed that 24 isolates revealed (100%) positivity to coA gene, 17 (70.83%) to mecA gene and 12 (50%) to vanA/B genes. Enterotoxin genes and haemolysin genes were detected among MRSA and VRSA isolates. There was a strong positive correlation between the tested antimicrobial‐resistant genes and virulence genes (p > 0.05).
Conclusions
This study demonstrated the occurrence of MRSA and VRSA strains among commensal rodents in North Sinai, Egypt. The detection of enterotoxigenic and virulence genes of the isolated MRSA and VRSA strains indicated the health hazards of food contamination and zoonotic infections.
Significance and impacts of the study.
This study emphasizes the role of commensal rodents in maintaining and disseminating multidrug‐resistant MRSA and VRSA strains to the environment, animals and human beings.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1364-5072</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1365-2672</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/jam.15226</identifier><identifier>PMID: 34297868</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Oxford University Press</publisher><subject>Amoxicillin ; Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology ; Anti-Bacterial Agents - therapeutic use ; Antibiotic resistance ; Antibiotics ; Antiinfectives and antibacterials ; Antimicrobial agents ; Cefoxitin ; Coagulase ; Egypt ; Food contamination ; Genes ; Genotype ; Genotypes ; Genotyping ; Health hazards ; MecA protein ; Methicillin ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus - genetics ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; MRSA ; Multidrug resistance ; Oxacillin ; PCR ; Penicillin ; Rodentia ; Rodents ; Staphylococcal Infections - epidemiology ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Staphylococcus aureus - genetics ; Staphylococcus infections ; Strains (organisms) ; Vancomycin ; Vancomycin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ; Virulence ; VRSA</subject><ispartof>Journal of applied microbiology, 2022-03, Vol.132 (3), p.2331-2341</ispartof><rights>2021 Society for Applied Microbiology</rights><rights>2021 Society for Applied Microbiology.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2022 The Society for Applied Microbiology</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3886-2e9501950a1710951eb59ace186c411682bda462d6998094e1a0bcdb5ca8e5a63</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3886-2e9501950a1710951eb59ace186c411682bda462d6998094e1a0bcdb5ca8e5a63</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-7526-2035</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Fjam.15226$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Fjam.15226$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1416,27923,27924,45573,45574</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34297868$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Eidaroos, Nada H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Youssef, Ahmed I.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>El‐ Sebae, Ali</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Enany, Mohamed E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Farid, Doaa S.</creatorcontrib><title>Genotyping of enterotoxigenic methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) among commensal rodents in North Sinai, Egypt</title><title>Journal of applied microbiology</title><addtitle>J Appl Microbiol</addtitle><description>Aim
This study aimed to identify genotype enterotoxigenic antimicrobial‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus species, mainly methicillin‐resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin‐resistant S. aureus (VRSA) among commensal rodents.
Methods and results
A total of 280 samples were collected from nasal and mouth swabs, heart blood, intestinal content and lung tissues of 56 commensal rodents trapped from North Sinai, Egypt. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed to bacteriologically identified S. aureus isolates against 15 antimicrobial agents by disc diffusion method. Detection was conducted for identifying coagulase gene (coA), antimicrobial‐resistant genes (mecA and vanA/B), enterotoxigenic and virulence determinant genes (hlg, seb, sed and see) among the MRSA and VRSA isolates.
Results
Staphylococcus aureus species were isolated from 24 (42.86%) out of 56 rodents. Phenotypic examination revealed that all the isolates were multidrug‐resistant, whereas two isolates were multiple antibiotic resistant (MAR). Out of 33 examined isolates, 33 (100%) were resistant to oxacillin and amoxicillin, 31 (93.93%) to cefoxitin and 12 (36.36%) to vancomycin. PCR assay revealed that 24 isolates revealed (100%) positivity to coA gene, 17 (70.83%) to mecA gene and 12 (50%) to vanA/B genes. Enterotoxin genes and haemolysin genes were detected among MRSA and VRSA isolates. There was a strong positive correlation between the tested antimicrobial‐resistant genes and virulence genes (p > 0.05).
Conclusions
This study demonstrated the occurrence of MRSA and VRSA strains among commensal rodents in North Sinai, Egypt. The detection of enterotoxigenic and virulence genes of the isolated MRSA and VRSA strains indicated the health hazards of food contamination and zoonotic infections.
Significance and impacts of the study.
This study emphasizes the role of commensal rodents in maintaining and disseminating multidrug‐resistant MRSA and VRSA strains to the environment, animals and human beings.</description><subject>Amoxicillin</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology</subject><subject>Anti-Bacterial Agents - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Antibiotic resistance</subject><subject>Antibiotics</subject><subject>Antiinfectives and antibacterials</subject><subject>Antimicrobial agents</subject><subject>Cefoxitin</subject><subject>Coagulase</subject><subject>Egypt</subject><subject>Food contamination</subject><subject>Genes</subject><subject>Genotype</subject><subject>Genotypes</subject><subject>Genotyping</subject><subject>Health hazards</subject><subject>MecA protein</subject><subject>Methicillin</subject><subject>Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus - genetics</subject><subject>Microbial Sensitivity Tests</subject><subject>MRSA</subject><subject>Multidrug resistance</subject><subject>Oxacillin</subject><subject>PCR</subject><subject>Penicillin</subject><subject>Rodentia</subject><subject>Rodents</subject><subject>Staphylococcal Infections - epidemiology</subject><subject>Staphylococcus aureus</subject><subject>Staphylococcus aureus - genetics</subject><subject>Staphylococcus infections</subject><subject>Strains (organisms)</subject><subject>Vancomycin</subject><subject>Vancomycin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus</subject><subject>Virulence</subject><subject>VRSA</subject><issn>1364-5072</issn><issn>1365-2672</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkc1u1DAUhSNERX9gwQsgS2xaibS2EzvOclS1pagtEgNsLce5M-NRYqe2A2THI_A4PE-fBLcpLJCQuNLVvYvvHB3pZNlLgo9JmpOt6o8Jo5Q_yfZIwVlOeUWfPvxlznBFd7P9ELYYkwIz_izbLUpaV4KLveznBVgXp8HYNXIrBDaCd9F9M2uwRqMe4sZo03XG3n3_4SGYEJWNaBnVsJk6p53WY0Bq9JDO4fWH5eIIKduiL8pq10_6_3SfZ13vUook68EG1SHv2pQnIGPRjfNxg5bGKvMGna2nIT7PdlaqC_Di8R5kn87PPp6-za_eX1yeLq5yXQjBcwo1wyStIhXBNSPQsFppIILrkhAuaNOqktOW17XAdQlE4Ua3DdNKAFO8OMgOZ9_Bu9sRQpS9CRq6TllwY5CUMUYwKyqW0Nd_oVs3epvSScoLLMqaiXvqaKa0dyF4WMnBm175SRIs7-uUqU75UGdiXz06jk0P7R_yd38JOJmBr6aD6d9O8t3ierb8BUvarnM</recordid><startdate>202203</startdate><enddate>202203</enddate><creator>Eidaroos, Nada H.</creator><creator>Youssef, Ahmed I.</creator><creator>El‐ Sebae, Ali</creator><creator>Enany, Mohamed E.</creator><creator>Farid, Doaa S.</creator><general>Oxford University Press</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7526-2035</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202203</creationdate><title>Genotyping of enterotoxigenic methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) among commensal rodents in North Sinai, Egypt</title><author>Eidaroos, Nada H. ; Youssef, Ahmed I. ; El‐ Sebae, Ali ; Enany, Mohamed E. ; Farid, Doaa S.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3886-2e9501950a1710951eb59ace186c411682bda462d6998094e1a0bcdb5ca8e5a63</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Amoxicillin</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology</topic><topic>Anti-Bacterial Agents - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Antibiotic resistance</topic><topic>Antibiotics</topic><topic>Antiinfectives and antibacterials</topic><topic>Antimicrobial agents</topic><topic>Cefoxitin</topic><topic>Coagulase</topic><topic>Egypt</topic><topic>Food contamination</topic><topic>Genes</topic><topic>Genotype</topic><topic>Genotypes</topic><topic>Genotyping</topic><topic>Health hazards</topic><topic>MecA protein</topic><topic>Methicillin</topic><topic>Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus - genetics</topic><topic>Microbial Sensitivity Tests</topic><topic>MRSA</topic><topic>Multidrug resistance</topic><topic>Oxacillin</topic><topic>PCR</topic><topic>Penicillin</topic><topic>Rodentia</topic><topic>Rodents</topic><topic>Staphylococcal Infections - epidemiology</topic><topic>Staphylococcus aureus</topic><topic>Staphylococcus aureus - genetics</topic><topic>Staphylococcus infections</topic><topic>Strains (organisms)</topic><topic>Vancomycin</topic><topic>Vancomycin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus</topic><topic>Virulence</topic><topic>VRSA</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Eidaroos, Nada H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Youssef, Ahmed I.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>El‐ Sebae, Ali</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Enany, Mohamed E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Farid, Doaa S.</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of applied microbiology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Eidaroos, Nada H.</au><au>Youssef, Ahmed I.</au><au>El‐ Sebae, Ali</au><au>Enany, Mohamed E.</au><au>Farid, Doaa S.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Genotyping of enterotoxigenic methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) among commensal rodents in North Sinai, Egypt</atitle><jtitle>Journal of applied microbiology</jtitle><addtitle>J Appl Microbiol</addtitle><date>2022-03</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>132</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>2331</spage><epage>2341</epage><pages>2331-2341</pages><issn>1364-5072</issn><eissn>1365-2672</eissn><abstract>Aim
This study aimed to identify genotype enterotoxigenic antimicrobial‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus species, mainly methicillin‐resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin‐resistant S. aureus (VRSA) among commensal rodents.
Methods and results
A total of 280 samples were collected from nasal and mouth swabs, heart blood, intestinal content and lung tissues of 56 commensal rodents trapped from North Sinai, Egypt. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed to bacteriologically identified S. aureus isolates against 15 antimicrobial agents by disc diffusion method. Detection was conducted for identifying coagulase gene (coA), antimicrobial‐resistant genes (mecA and vanA/B), enterotoxigenic and virulence determinant genes (hlg, seb, sed and see) among the MRSA and VRSA isolates.
Results
Staphylococcus aureus species were isolated from 24 (42.86%) out of 56 rodents. Phenotypic examination revealed that all the isolates were multidrug‐resistant, whereas two isolates were multiple antibiotic resistant (MAR). Out of 33 examined isolates, 33 (100%) were resistant to oxacillin and amoxicillin, 31 (93.93%) to cefoxitin and 12 (36.36%) to vancomycin. PCR assay revealed that 24 isolates revealed (100%) positivity to coA gene, 17 (70.83%) to mecA gene and 12 (50%) to vanA/B genes. Enterotoxin genes and haemolysin genes were detected among MRSA and VRSA isolates. There was a strong positive correlation between the tested antimicrobial‐resistant genes and virulence genes (p > 0.05).
Conclusions
This study demonstrated the occurrence of MRSA and VRSA strains among commensal rodents in North Sinai, Egypt. The detection of enterotoxigenic and virulence genes of the isolated MRSA and VRSA strains indicated the health hazards of food contamination and zoonotic infections.
Significance and impacts of the study.
This study emphasizes the role of commensal rodents in maintaining and disseminating multidrug‐resistant MRSA and VRSA strains to the environment, animals and human beings.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Oxford University Press</pub><pmid>34297868</pmid><doi>10.1111/jam.15226</doi><tpages>11</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7526-2035</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete; Oxford University Press Journals All Titles (1996-Current) |
| subjects | Amoxicillin Animals Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology Anti-Bacterial Agents - therapeutic use Antibiotic resistance Antibiotics Antiinfectives and antibacterials Antimicrobial agents Cefoxitin Coagulase Egypt Food contamination Genes Genotype Genotypes Genotyping Health hazards MecA protein Methicillin Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus - genetics Microbial Sensitivity Tests MRSA Multidrug resistance Oxacillin PCR Penicillin Rodentia Rodents Staphylococcal Infections - epidemiology Staphylococcus aureus Staphylococcus aureus - genetics Staphylococcus infections Strains (organisms) Vancomycin Vancomycin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Virulence VRSA |
| title | Genotyping of enterotoxigenic methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) among commensal rodents in North Sinai, Egypt |
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